Tabari (1 passage)

1. Full Dutch translation of Tabari's text

   His statement: فَلْيَدْعُ نَادِيَهُ ("Then let him call his council assembly"). The Exalted, whose remembrance is exalted, says: let Abū Jahl call the people of his assembly hall and his helpers, from his clan and his people. And the nādī is the meeting place (the council hall).

   This was said concerning it — according to what has reached us — because when Abū Jahl forbade the Prophet ﷺ to pray at the Maqām (the Station of Ibrāhīm), he was sharply rebuffed by the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, who addressed him sternly. Then Abū Jahl said: "With what does Muḥammad threaten me, while I possess the greatest council assembly among the inhabitants of this valley?" Thereupon Allah, whose praise is exalted, said: لَئِنْ لَمْ يَنْتَهِ لَنَسْفَعًا بِالنَّاصِيَةِ ("If he does not desist, We shall surely seize him by the forelock"). So let him then, at that moment, call his council assembly, for if he calls his council assembly, We shall call the wardens of Hell (al-zabāniya).

   And in accordance with what we have said concerning this, the reports have come, and the people of interpretation (ahl al-taʾwīl) have spoken.

   * Mention of the transmitted reports concerning that:

   Ibn Wakīʿ related to us, saying: Abū Khālid al-Aḥmar related to us; and Abū Kurayb related to us, saying: al-Ḥakam ibn Jumayʿ related to us, saying: ʿAlī ibn Mushir related to us — both on the authority of Dāwūd ibn Abī Hind, on the authority of ʿIkrima, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was praying at the Maqām when Abū Jahl ibn Hishām passed by him and said: "O Muḥammad, did I not forbid you this?" And he threatened him. Thereupon the Messenger of Allah ﷺ addressed him sternly and rebuffed him harshly. Then he (Abū Jahl) said: "O Muḥammad, with what do you threaten me? By Allah, truly, I possess the greatest council assembly of this valley." Then Allah revealed: فَلْيَدْعُ نَادِيَهُ * سَنَدْعُ الزَّبَانِيَةَ ("Then let him call his council assembly; We shall call the wardens of Hell"). Ibn ʿAbbās said: Had he called his council assembly, the wardens of the punishment (zabāniyat al-ʿadhāb) would have seized him on the spot.

   Isḥāq ibn Shāhīn related to me, saying: Khālid ibn ʿAbd Allāh related to us, on the authority of Dāwūd, on the authority of ʿIkrima, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was praying when Abū Jahl came to him and forbade him to pray. Thereupon Allah revealed: أَرَأَيْتَ الَّذِي يَنْهَى * عَبْدًا إِذَا صَلَّى ("Have you seen him who forbids a servant when he prays"), up to His statement: كَاذِبَةٍ خَاطِئَةٍ ("lying, sinful"). Then he (Abū Jahl) said: "He truly knows that I possess the greatest council assembly of this valley." Thereupon the Prophet ﷺ became angry and uttered something — Dāwūd said: and I did not retain it. Then Allah revealed: فَلْيَدْعُ نَادِيَهُ * سَنَدْعُ الزَّبَانِيَةَ ("Then let him call his council assembly; We shall call the wardens of Hell"). Ibn ʿAbbās said: By Allah, had he done it, the angels would have seized him on the spot.

   Ibn ʿAbd al-Aʿlā related to us, saying: Ibn Thawr related to us, on the authority of his father, who said: Nuʿaym ibn Abī Hind related to us, on the authority of Abū Ḥāzim, on the authority of Abū Hurayra, who said: Abū Jahl said: "Does Muḥammad press his face into the dust in your midst?" It was said: "Yes." Then he said: "By al-Lāt and al-ʿUzzā, if I see him praying thus, I shall surely tread upon his neck and press his face into the dust." He then came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, while the latter was praying, in order to tread upon his neck. But the only thing about him that startled them was that he recoiled upon his heels and shielded himself with his hands. He was asked: "What is the matter with you?" He said: "Between me and him is a trench of fire, and terror, and wings." Thereupon the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Had he drawn nearer, the angels would have snatched him away limb by limb." He (the transmitter) said: And Allah revealed — I do not know whether it was in the report of Abū Hurayra or not — كَلا إِنَّ الإِنْسَانَ لَيَطْغَى * أَنْ رَآهُ اسْتَغْنَى * إِنَّ إِلَى رَبِّكَ الرُّجْعَى * أَرَأَيْتَ الَّذِي يَنْهَى * عَبْدًا إِذَا صَلَّى * أَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ كَانَ عَلَى الْهُدَى * أَوْ أَمَرَ بِالتَّقْوَى * أَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ كَذَّبَ وَتَوَلَّى ("No, truly man transgresses the bounds, because he sees himself as self-sufficient. Verily, to your Lord is the return. Have you seen him who forbids a servant when he prays? Have you considered whether he is upon guidance, or enjoins God-fearing? Have you considered whether he denies and turns away?") — by which Abū Jahl is meant — أَلَمْ يَعْلَمْ بِأَنَّ اللَّهَ يَرَى * كَلا لَئِنْ لَمْ يَنْتَهِ لَنَسْفَعًا بِالنَّاصِيَةِ * نَاصِيَةٍ كَاذِبَةٍ خَاطِئَةٍ * فَلْيَدْعُ نَادِيَهُ ("Does he not know that Allah sees? No, if he does not desist, We shall surely seize him by the forelock, a lying, sinful forelock. Then let him call his council assembly") — let him call his people — سَنَدْعُ الزَّبَانِيَةَ ("We shall call the wardens of Hell") — the angels — كَلا لا تُطِعْهُ وَاسْجُدْ وَاقْتَرِبْ ("No, do not obey him, but prostrate yourself and draw near").

   Ibn Ḥumayd related to us, saying: Yaḥyā ibn Wāḍiḥ related to us, saying: Yūnus ibn Abī Isḥāq informed us, on the authority of al-Walīd ibn al-ʿAyzār, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās, who said: Abū Jahl said: "If Muḥammad prays again at the Maqām, I shall surely kill him." Thereupon Allah revealed: اقْرَأْ بِاسْمِ رَبِّكَ ("Recite in the name of your Lord"), until He reached this verse: لَنَسْفَعًا بِالنَّاصِيَةِ * نَاصِيَةٍ كَاذِبَةٍ خَاطِئَةٍ * فَلْيَدْعُ نَادِيَهُ * سَنَدْعُ الزَّبَانِيَةَ ("We shall surely seize him by the forelock, a lying, sinful forelock. Then let him call his council assembly; We shall call the wardens of Hell"). Then the Prophet ﷺ came, while he (the Prophet) was praying. He (Abū Jahl) was asked: "What holds you back?" He said: "What is between me and him has turned black with battle ranks." Ibn ʿAbbās said: By Allah, had he moved, the angels would have seized him while the people looked on at him.

   Abū Kurayb related to us, saying: Zakariyyā ibn ʿAdī related to us, saying: ʿUbayd Allāh ibn ʿAmr related to us, on the authority of ʿAbd al-Karīm, on the authority of ʿIkrima, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās, who said: Abū Jahl said: "If I see the Messenger of Allah ﷺ praying at the Kaʿba, I shall surely go to him until I tread upon his neck." Thereupon the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Had he done it, the angels would have seized him visibly (before all eyes)."

   And in accordance with what we have said concerning the meaning of the nādī, the people of interpretation have spoken.

   * Mention of who said that:

   Muḥammad ibn Masʿad related to me, saying: my father related to me, saying: my uncle related to me, saying: my father related to me, on the authority of his father, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās, concerning His statement: فَلْيَدْعُ نَادِيَهُ ("Then let him call his council assembly") — he says: let him call his helper.

   Show original Arabic

   وقوله: ( فَلْيَدْعُ نَادِيَهُ ) يقول تعالى ذكره: فليدع أبو جهل أهل مجلسه وأنصاره، من عشيرته وقومه، والنادي: هو المجلس. وإنما قيل ذلك فيما بلغنا، لأن أبا جهل لما نهى النبيّ صلى الله عليه وسلم عن الصلاة عند المقام، انتهره رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، وأغلظ له، فقال أبو جهل: علام يتوعدني محمد وأنا أكثر أهل الوادي ناديا؟ فقال الله جلّ ثناؤه: ( لَئِنْ لَمْ يَنْتَهِ لَنَسْفَعًا بِالنَّاصِيَةِ ) ، فليدع حينئذ ناديه، فإنه إن دعا ناديه، دعونا الزبانية. وبنحو الذي قلنا في ذلك جاءت الأخبار، وقال أهل التأويل. * ذكر الآثار المروية في ذلك: حدثنا ابن وكيع، قال: ثنا أبو خالد الأحمر؛ وحدثنا أبو كُرَيب، قال: ثنا الحكم بن جميع، قال: ثنا عليّ بن مُسْهِر، جميعا عن داود بن أبي هند، عن عكرِمة، عن ابن عباس قال: كان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يصلي عند المقام، فمرّ به أبو جهل بن هشام، فقال: يا محمد، ألم أنهك عن هذا؟ وتوعَّده، فأغلظ له رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم وانتهره، فقال: يا محمد بأيّ شيء تهددني؟ أما والله إني لأكثر هذا الوادي ناديا، فأنـزل الله: ( فَلْيَدْعُ نَادِيَهُ * سَنَدْعُ الزَّبَانِيَةَ ) قال ابن عباس: لو دعا ناديه، أخذته زبانية العذاب من ساعته. حدثني إسحاق بن شاهين، قال: ثنا خالد بن عبد الله، عن داود، عن عكرِمة، عن ابن عباس، قال: كان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يصلي، فجاءه أبو جهل، فنهاه أن يصلي، فأنـزل الله: أَرَأَيْتَ الَّذِي يَنْهَى * عَبْدًا إِذَا صَلَّى ... إلى قوله: ( كَاذِبَةٍ خَاطِئَةٍ ) فقال: لقد علم أني أكثر هذا الوادي نَادِيا، فغضب النبيّ صلى الله عليه وسلم، فتكلم بشيء، قال داود: ولم أحفظه، فأنـزل الله: ( فَلْيَدْعُ نَادِيَهُ * سَنَدْعُ الزَّبَانِيَةَ ) فقال ابن عباس: فوالله لو فعل لأخذته الملائكة من مكانه. حدثنا ابن عبد الأعلى، قال: ثنا ابن ثور، عن أبيه، قال: ثنا نعيم بن أبي هند، عن أبي حازم، عن أبي هريرة، قال: قال أبو جهل: هل يعفر محمد وجهه بين أظهركم؟ قال: فقيل نعم، قال: فقال: واللات والعزى لئن رأيته يصلي كذلك، لأطأنّ على رقبته، لأعفرنّ وجهه في التراب، قال: فأتى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم وهو يصلي ليطأ على رقبته، قال: فما فجأهم منه إلا وهو ينكص على عَقبيه، ويتقي بيديه؛ قال: فقيل له: مالك؟ قال: فقال: إن بيني وبينه خَنْدقا من نار، وهَوْلا وأجنحة؛ قال: فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: " لَوْ دَنا مِنِّي لاخْتَطَفَتْهُ المَلائِكَةُ عُضْوًا عُضْوًا " قال: وأنـزل الله، لا أدري في حديث أبي هريرة أم لا كَلا إِنَّ الإِنْسَانَ لَيَطْغَى * أَنْ رَآهُ اسْتَغْنَى * إِنَّ إِلَى رَبِّكَ الرُّجْعَى * أَرَأَيْتَ الَّذِي يَنْهَى * عَبْدًا إِذَا صَلَّى * أَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ كَانَ عَلَى الْهُدَى * أَوْ أَمَرَ بِالتَّقْوَى * أَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ كَذَّبَ وَتَوَلَّى يعني أبا جهل ( أَلَمْ يَعْلَمْ بِأَنَّ اللَّهَ يَرَى * كَلا لَئِنْ لَمْ يَنْتَهِ لَنَسْفَعًا بِالنَّاصِيَةِ *نَاصِيَةٍ كَاذِبَةٍ خَاطِئَةٍ * فَلْيَدْعُ نَادِيَهُ ) يدعو قومه ( سَنَدْعُ الزَّبَانِيَةَ ) الملائكة ( كَلا لا تُطِعْهُ وَاسْجُدْ وَاقْتَرِبْ ). حدثنا ابن حميد، قال: ثنا يحيى بن واضح، قال: أخبرنا يونس بن أبي إسحاق، عن الوليد بن العَيْزار، عن ابن عباس، قال: قال أبو جهل: لئن عاد محمد يصلي عند المقام لأقتلنه، فأنـزل الله: اقْرَأْ بِاسْمِ رَبِّكَ حتى بلغ هذه الآية: ( لَنَسْفَعًا بِالنَّاصِيَةِ * نَاصِيَةٍ كَاذِبَةٍ خَاطِئَةٍ * فَلْيَدْعُ نَادِيَهُ * سَنَدْعُ الزَّبَانِيَةَ ) ، فجاء النبيّ صلى الله عليه وسلم وهو يصلي، فقيل له: ما يمنعك؟ قال: " قد اسودّ ما بيني وبينه من الكتائب "... قال ابن عباس: والله لو تحرّك لأخذته الملائكة والناس ينظرون إليه. حدثنا أبو كُرَيب، قال: ثنا زكريا بن عديّ، قال: ثنا عبيد الله بن عمرو، عن عبد الكريم، عن عكرِمة، عن ابن عباس، قال: قال أبو جهل: لئن رأيت &; 24-527 &; رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يصلي عند الكعبة، لآتينه حتى أطأ على عنقه، فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: " لَوْ فَعَلَ لأخَذَتْهُ المَلائِكَةُ عِيانا ". وبالذي قلنا في معنى النادي قال أهل التأويل. * ذكر من قال ذلك: حدثني محمد بن مسعد، قال: ثني أبي، قال: ثني عمي، قال: ثني أبي، عن أبيه، عن ابن عباس في قوله: ( فَلْيَدْعُ نَادِيَهُ ) يقول: فليدع ناصره.