Tafseer of The Announcement · An-Naba · 78:32
Gardens and grapevines
Important: The Arabic source text is always authoritative. This translation is a study aid and has not been verified by scholars — do not use it as a basis for religious proof or for deriving rulings (ahkam). When in doubt, always consult the Arabic text and a qualified scholar.
His word: حَدَائِقَ ("gardens"). And al-ḥadāʾiq is a further explanation and clarification of al-mafāz ("the victory, the success"), and it was permissible for it to clarify this further, because al-mafāz is a verbal noun, derived from the saying of someone: "fāza fulān bi-hādhā al-shayʾ," when he pursues something and attains it. It is thus as if it were said: verily, for the God-fearing there is the attainment of what they pursue in the way of gardens (ḥadāʾiq) and grapes. And al-ḥadāʾiq is the plural of ḥadīqa, and these are the orchards of date palms, grapes, and trees around which walls have been erected that enclose them (muḥdiqa). Because of the enclosing (iḥdāq) of the walls around it, the ḥadīqa is called a ḥadīqa; and if the walls do not enclose it, it is not called a ḥadīqa. And their enclosing of it is their encompassing of it.
And His word: وَأَعْنَابًا ("and grapes"). He means: and vines of grapes; and by mentioning the grapes (al-aʿnāb) He has made mentioning the vines (al-kurūm) unnecessary.
