Tabari (1 passage)

1. Full Dutch translation of Tabari's text

   His word: ( while He has created you in stages )

   He says: and He has indeed created you state after state: first a drop of sperm (nuṭfa), then a clot of blood (ʿalaqa), then a little lump of flesh (muḍgha).

   And in accordance with what we have said about this, the exegetes spoke.

   * Mention of who said that:

   ʿAlī related to me, he said: Abū Ṣāliḥ related to us, he said: Muʿāwiya related to me, on the authority of ʿAlī, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās, concerning His word: ( while He has created you in stages ) he says: a drop of sperm, then a clot of blood, then a little lump of flesh.

   Muḥammad ibn ʿAmr related to me, he said: Abū ʿĀṣim related to us, he said: ʿĪsā related to us; and al-Ḥārith related to me, he said: al-Ḥasan related to us, he said: Warqāʾ related to us, both on the authority of Ibn Abī Najīḥ, on the authority of Mujāhid, ( while He has created you in stages ) he said: from dust, then from a drop of sperm, then from a clot of blood, then what has been mentioned, until his creation is completed.

   Bishr related to us, he said: Yazīd related to us, he said: Saʿīd related to us, on the authority of Qatāda: ( while He has created you in stages ) one stage a drop of sperm, one stage a clot of blood, and one stage bones; then He clothed the bones with flesh, then He brought him forth as another creation, He made the hair grow; blessed be Allah, the best of creators.

   Ibn ʿAbd al-Aʿlā related to us, he said: Ibn Thawr related to us, on the authority of Maʿmar, on the authority of Qatāda, ( while He has created you in stages ) he said: a drop of sperm, then a clot of blood, then a creation stage after stage.

   It was related to me on the authority of al-Ḥusayn, he said: I heard Abū Muʿādh say: ʿUbayd related to us, he said: I heard al-Ḍaḥḥāk say concerning His word: ( He has created you in stages ) he says: from a drop of sperm, then from a clot of blood, then from a little lump of flesh.

   Yūnus related to me, he said: Ibn Wahb informed us, he said: Ibn Zayd said concerning His word: ( while He has created you in stages ) he said: one stage the drop of sperm, then one stage the mixing (amshāj), when the sperm mixes with the blood, then the blood overpowers the sperm, so that it becomes a clot of blood, then it becomes a little lump of flesh, then it becomes bones, then the bones are clothed with flesh.

   Ibn Ḥumayd related to us, he said: Jarīr related to us, on the authority of Manṣūr, on the authority of Mujāhid, concerning His word: ( while He has created you in stages ) he said: a drop of sperm, then a clot of blood, thing after thing.

   Show original Arabic

   وقوله: ( وَقَدْ خَلَقَكُمْ أَطْوَارًا ) يقول: وقد خلقكم حالا بعد حال، طورا نُطْفة، وطورا عَلَقة، وطورا مضغة. وبنحو الذي قلنا في ذلك قال أهل التأويل. * ذكر من قال ذلك: حدثني عليّ، قال: ثنا أبو صالح، قال: ثني معاوية، عن عليّ، عن ابن عباس، قوله: ( وَقَدْ خَلَقَكُمْ أَطْوَارًا ) يقول: نطفة، ثم علقة، ثم مضغة. حدثني محمد بن عمرو، قال: ثنا أبو عاصم، قال: ثنا عيسى؛ وحدثني الحارث، قال: ثنا الحسن، قال: ثنا ورقاء، جميعا عن ابن أبي نجيح، عن مجاهد ( وَقَدْ خَلَقَكُمْ أَطْوَارًا ) قال: من تراب، ثم من نطفة، ثم من علقة، ثم ما ذكر حتى يتمّ خلقه. حدثنا بشر، قال: ثنا يزيد، قال: ثنا سعيد، عن قتادة: ( وَقَدْ خَلَقَكُمْ أَطْوَارًا ) طورا نطفة، وطورا علقة، وطورا عظاما، ثم كسا العظام لحما، ثم أنشأه خلقا آخر، أنبت به الشعر، فتبارك الله أحسن الخالقين. حدثنا ابن عبد الأعلى، قال: ثنا ابن ثور، عن معمر، عن قتادة ( وَقَدْ خَلَقَكُمْ أَطْوَارًا ) قال: نطفة، ثم علقة، ثم خلقا طورا بعد طور. حُدثت عن الحسين، قال: سمعت أبا معاذ يقول: ثنا عبيد، قال: سمعت الضحاك يقول في قوله: ( خَلَقَكُمْ أَطْوَارًا ) يقول: من نطفة، ثم من علقة، ثم من مضغة. حدثني يونس، قال: أخبرنا ابن وهب، قال: قال ابن زيد، في قوله: ( وَقَدْ خَلَقَكُمْ أَطْوَارًا ) قال: طورا النطفة، ثم طورا أمشاجا حين يمشج النطفة الدم، ثم يغلب الدم على النطفة، فتكون علقة، ثم تكون مضغة، ثم تكون عظاما، ثم تكسى العظام لحما. حدثنا ابن حميد، قال: ثنا جرير، عن منصور، عن مجاهد، في قوله: ( وَقَدْ خَلَقَكُمْ أَطْوَارًا ) قال: نطفة، ثم علقة، شيئا بعد شيء.