Tabari (1 passage)

1. Full Dutch translation of Tabari's text

   And His statement nazzāʿatan li-l-shawā (tearing away the extremities). The Exalted in mention says, reporting about Laẓā (the blazing flame): it tears off the skin of the head and the extremities of the body. The shawā is the plural of shawāt; these are those parts of the human body that are not a vital, fatal spot. One says: "ramā fa-ashwā" (he shot, but hit no fatal spot) when someone does not strike a vital place. Sometimes a speaker thereby describes the skin of the head, as al-Aʿshā said:

   Qutayla said: what is the matter with him, his scalp is already covered with grayness.

   And sometimes the shin is thereby described, as in their description of the horse:

   thick of shank, powerful of slaughter-part,

   by which he means its legs. The origin of all this is what I have described.

   And in accordance with what we have said about this, the exegetes have spoken.

   * Mention of who said that:

   Sulaymān ibn ʿAbd al-Jabbār related to me, he said: Muḥammad ibn al-Ṣalt related to us, he said: Abū Kudayna related to us, on the authority of Qābūs, on the authority of his father, he said: I asked Ibn ʿAbbās about nazzāʿatan li-l-shawā (tearing away the extremities): he said: it tears away the skull.

   Isḥāq ibn Ibrāhīm al-Ṣawwāf related to us, he said: al-Ḥusayn ibn al-Ḥasan al-Ashqar related to us, he said: Yaḥyā ibn Mahlab Abū Kudayna related to us, on the authority of Qābūs, on the authority of his father, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās, about his statement nazzāʿatan li-l-shawā (tearing away the extremities): he said: it tears away the head.

   Muḥammad ibn Saʿd related to me, he said: my father related to me, he said: my uncle related to me, he said: my father related to me, on the authority of his father, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās, about his statement nazzāʿatan li-l-shawā (tearing away the extremities): he means: the skins and the crowns of the head.

   Muḥammad ibn ʿAmr related to me, he said: Abū ʿĀṣim related to us, he said: ʿĪsā related to us; and al-Ḥārith related to me, he said: al-Ḥasan related to us, he said: Warqāʾ related to us, both on the authority of Ibn Abī Najīḥ, on the authority of Mujāhid, about his statement nazzāʿatan li-l-shawā (tearing away the extremities): he said: the skins of the head.

   Ibn Ḥumayd related to us, he said: Mihrān related to us, on the authority of Sufyān, on the authority of Ibrāhīm ibn al-Muhājir, he said: I asked Saʿīd ibn Jubayr about his statement nazzāʿatan li-l-shawā (tearing away the extremities), but he gave no explanation. Then I asked Mujāhid about it, and I said: is it the flesh without the bone? He said: yes.

   He said: Mihrān related to us, on the authority of Sufyān, on the authority of Ismāʿīl ibn Abī Khālid, on the authority of Abū Ṣāliḥ, about nazzāʿatan li-l-shawā (tearing away the extremities): he said: the flesh of the shin.

   Muḥammad ibn ʿUmāra al-Asadī related to me, he said: Qabīṣa ibn ʿUqba al-Suwāʾī related to us, he said: Sufyān related to us, on the authority of Ismāʿīl, on the authority of Abū Ṣāliḥ, about his statement nazzāʿatan li-l-shawā (tearing away the extremities): he said: tearing away the flesh of the two shins.

   Ibn Ḥumayd related to us, he said: Mihrān related to us, on the authority of Khārija, on the authority of Qurra ibn Khālid, on the authority of al-Ḥasan, about nazzāʿatan li-l-shawā (tearing away the extremities): he said: toward the crown of the head; it burns every part of him, while his heart remains cooked.

   Ibn Bashshār related to us, he said: Abū ʿĀmir related to us, he said: Qurra related to us, on the authority of al-Ḥasan, about his statement nazzāʿatan li-l-shawā (tearing away the extremities): then he mentioned something similar.

   Bishr related to us, he said: Yazīd related to us, he said: Saʿīd related to us, on the authority of Qatāda, about his statement nazzāʿatan li-l-shawā (tearing away the extremities): that is to say: tearing away his crown of the head, the noble parts of his frame, and his extremities.

   It was related to me on the authority of al-Ḥusayn, he said: I heard Abū Muʿādh say: ʿUbayd informed us, he said: I heard al-Ḍaḥḥāk say about his statement nazzāʿatan li-l-shawā (tearing away the extremities): it scrapes the flesh and the skin off the bone until it leaves nothing of it.

   Yūnus related to me, he said: Ibn Wahb informed us, he said: Ibn Zayd said about his statement nazzāʿatan li-l-shawā (tearing away the extremities): he said: the shawā are the large limbs; those are the shawā. And about His statement nazzāʿatan (tearing away): he said: it cuts off their bones as you see, then their creation is renewed and their skins are exchanged.

   Show original Arabic

   وقوله: (نـزاعَةً لِلشَّوَى ) يقول تعالى ذكره مخبرا عن لظَى: إنها تنـزع جلدة الرأس وأطراف البدن، والشَّوَى: جمع شواة، وهي من جوارح الإنسان ما لم يكن مقتلا يقال: رمى فأشوى إذا لم يصب مَقْتلا فربما وصف الواصف بذلك جلدة الرأس كما قال الأعشى: قـــالَتْ قُتَيْلَـــةُ مـــا لَـــهُ قَـــدْ جُـــلِّلَتْ شَــيْبا شَــوَاتُهُ (1) وربما وصف بذلك الساق كقولهم في صفة الفرس: عبْلُ الشَّوَى نَهْدُ الجُزَارَة (2) يعني بذلك: قوائمه، وأصل ذلك كله ما وصفت. وبنحو الذي قلنا في ذلك قال أهل التأويل. * ذكر من قال ذلك: حدثني سليمان بن عبد الحبار، قال: ثنا محمد بن الصلت، قال: ثنا أبو كدينة، عن قابوس، عن أبيه، قال: سألت ابن عباس عن: (نـزاعَةً لِلشَّوَى ): قال: تنـزع أمّ الرأس. حدثنا إسحاق بن إبراهيم الصواف، قال: ثنا الحسين بن الحسن الأشقر، قال: ثنا يحيى بن مهلب أبو كدينة، عن قابوس، عن أبيه، عن ابن عباس، في قوله: (نـزاعَةً لِلشَّوَى ) قال: تنـزع الرأس. حدثني محمد بن سعد، قال: ثني أبي، قال: ثني عمي، قال: ثني أبي، عن أبيه، عن ابن عباس، قوله: (نـزاعَةً لِلشَّوَى ) : يعني الجلود والهام. حدثني محمد بن عمرو، قال: ثنا أبو عاصم، قال: ثنا عيسى؛ وحدثني الحارث، قال: ثنا الحسن، قال: ثنا ورقاء، جميعا عن ابن أبي نجيح، عن مجاهد، قوله: (نـزاعَةً لِلشَّوَى ) قال: لجلود الرأس. حدثنا ابن حميد، قال: ثنا مهران، عن سفيان، عن إبراهيم بن المهاجر، قال: سألت سعيد بن جبير عن قوله: (نـزاعَةً لِلشَّوَى ) فلم يخبر، فسألت عنها مجاهدًا، فقلت: اللحم دون العظم ؟ فقال: نعم. قال: ثنا مهران، عن سفيان، عن إسماعيل بن أبي خالد، عن أبي صالح (نـزاعَةً لِلشَّوَى ) قال: لحم الساق. حدثني محمد بن عُمارة الأسديّ، قال: ثنا قبيصة بن عقبة السُّوائّي، قال: ثنا سفيان، عن إسماعيل، عن أبي صالح في قوله: (نـزاعَةً لِلشَّوَى ) قال: نـزاعة للحم الساقين. حدثنا ابن حميد، قال: ثنا مهران، عن خارجة، عن قرة بن خالد، عن الحسن (نـزاعَةً لِلشَّوَى ) قال: للهام تحرق كلّ شيء منه، ويبقى فؤاده نضيجا. حدثنا ابن بشار، قال: ثنا أبو عامر، قال: ثنا قرة، عن الحسن، في قوله: (نـزاعَةً لِلشَّوَى ) ثم ذكر نحوه. حدثنا بشر، قال: ثنا يزيد، قال: ثنا سعيد، عن قتادة، قوله: (نـزاعَةً لِلشَّوَى ): أي نـزاعة لهامته ومكارم خَلْقِهِ وأطرافه. حُدثت عن الحسين، قال: سمعت أبا معاذ يقول: أخبرنا عبيد، قال: سمعت الضحاك يقول في قوله: (نـزاعَةً لِلشَّوَى ): تبري اللحم والجلد عن العظم حتى لا تترك منه شيئا. حدثني يونس، قال: أخبرنا ابن وهب، قال، قال ابن زيد، في قوله: (نـزاعَةً لِلشَّوَى ) قال: الشوى: الآراب العظام، ذاك الشوى. وقوله: (نـزاعَةً ) قال: تقطع عظامهم كما ترى، ثم يجدّد خلقهم، وتبدّل جلودهم.