Tabari (1 passage)

1. Full Dutch translation of Tabari's text

   The Exalted, whose praise is exalted, says: no creature is struck by a calamity except with the permission of Allah — He says: that is, by the decree of Allah and His foreordainment of it concerning him. وَمَنْ يُؤْمِنْ بِاللَّهِ يَهْدِ قَلْبَهُ ("And whoever believes in Allah, He will guide his heart") says: and whoever holds Allah to be true, and thus knows that no one is struck by a calamity except with the permission of Allah for it — his heart He will guide; He says: Allah will grant his heart the success of submitting to His ordainment and being content with His decree.

   In accordance with what we have said about this, the scholars of interpretation (ahl al-taʾwīl) also spoke.

   * Mention of who said that:

   ʿAlī related to us, saying: Abū Ṣāliḥ related to us, saying: Muʿāwiya related to me, on the authority of ʿAlī, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās, concerning His word: وَمَنْ يُؤْمِنْ بِاللَّهِ يَهْدِ قَلْبَهُ ("And whoever believes in Allah, He will guide his heart"), he means: He will guide his heart to certainty, so that he knows that what struck him could not have missed him, and that what missed him could not have struck him.

   Naṣr ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Washshāʾ al-Awdī related to me, saying: Aḥmad ibn Bishr related to us, on the authority of al-Aʿmash, on the authority of Abū Ẓabyān, who said: we were with ʿAlqama, and this verse was recited in his presence: وَمَنْ يُؤْمِنْ بِاللَّهِ يَهْدِ قَلْبَهُ ("And whoever believes in Allah, He will guide his heart"); he was asked about it and he said: it is the man who is struck by a calamity, and he knows that it comes from Allah, so he submits to it and is content.

   ʿĪsā ibn ʿUthmān al-Ramlī related to me, saying: Yaḥyā ibn ʿĪsā related to us, on the authority of al-Aʿmash, on the authority of Abū Ẓabyān, who said: I was with ʿAlqama while he was reviewing the muṣḥaf copies, and he came upon this verse: مَا أَصَابَ مِنْ مُصِيبَةٍ إِلا بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ وَمَنْ يُؤْمِنْ بِاللَّهِ يَهْدِ قَلْبَهُ ("No calamity strikes anyone except with the permission of Allah; and whoever believes in Allah, He will guide his heart"); he said: it is the man... — then he mentioned something similar.

   Ibn Bishr related to us, saying: Abū ʿĀmir related to us, saying: Sufyān related to us, on the authority of al-Aʿmash, on the authority of Abū Ẓabyān, on the authority of ʿAlqama, concerning His word: مَا أَصَابَ مِنْ مُصِيبَةٍ إِلا بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ وَمَنْ يُؤْمِنْ بِاللَّهِ يَهْدِ قَلْبَهُ ("No calamity strikes anyone except with the permission of Allah; and whoever believes in Allah, He will guide his heart"), he said: it is the man who is struck by a calamity, and he knows that it comes from Allah, so he submits to it and is content.

   Yūnus related to me, saying: Ibn Wahb informed us, saying: Ibn Mahdī related to me, on the authority of al-Thawrī, on the authority of al-Aʿmash, on the authority of Abū Ẓabyān, on the authority of ʿAlqama, something similar; except that in his narration he said: he knows that it comes by the decree of Allah, so he is content with it and submits.

   And His word: وَاللَّهُ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلِيمٌ ("And Allah is All-Knowing of all things") says: and Allah is, concerning all things, Knowing — of what has been, what will be, and what is to come, before it exists.

   Show original Arabic

   يقول تعالى ذكره: لم يصب أحدًا من الخلق مصيبة إلا بإذن الله، يقول: إلا بقضاء الله وتقدير ذلك عليه (وَمَنْ يُؤْمِنْ بِاللَّهِ يَهْدِ قَلْبَهُ ) يقول: ومن يصدّق بالله فيعلم أنه لا أحد تصيبه مصيبة إلا بإذن الله بذلك يهد قلبه: يقول: يوفِّق الله قلبه بالتسليم لأمره والرضا بقضائه. وبنحو الذي قلنا في ذلك قال أهل التأويل. * ذكر من قال ذلك: حدثنا عليّ، قال: ثنا أبو صالح، قال: ثني معاوية، عن عليّ، عن ابن عباس قوله: (وَمَنْ يُؤْمِنْ بِاللَّهِ يَهْدِ قَلْبَهُ ) يعني: يهد قلبه لليقين، فيعلم أن ما أصابه لم يكن ليخطئه، وما أخطأه لم يكن ليصيبه. حدثني نصر بن عبد الرحمن الوشاء الأوديّ، قال: ثنا أحمد بن بشير، عن الأعمش، عن أَبي ظبيان قال: كنا عند علقمة، فقرئ عنده هذه الآية: (وَمَنْ يُؤْمِنْ بِاللَّهِ يَهْدِ قَلْبَهُ ) فسُئل عن ذلك فقال: هو الرجل تصيبه المصيبة، فيعلم أنها من عند الله، فيسلم ذلك ويرضى. حدثني عيسى بن عثمان الرملي، قال: ثنا يحيى بن عيسى، عن الأعمش، عن أَبي ظبيان ، قال: كنت عند علقمة وهو يعرض المصاحف، فمرّ بهذه الآية: (مَا أَصَابَ مِنْ مُصِيبَةٍ إِلا بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ وَمَنْ يُؤْمِنْ بِاللَّهِ يَهْدِ قَلْبَهُ ) قال: هو الرجل... ثم ذكر نحوه. حدثنا ابن بشر، قال: ثنا أَبو عامر، قال: ثنا سفيان، عن الأعمش، عن أَبي ظبيان، عن علقمة، في قوله: (مَا أَصَابَ مِنْ مُصِيبَةٍ إِلا بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ وَمَنْ يُؤْمِنْ بِاللَّهِ يَهْدِ قَلْبَهُ ) قال: هو الرجل تصيبه المصيبة، فيعلم أنها من عند الله فيسلم لها ويرضَى. حدثني يونس، قال: أخبرنا ابن وهب، قال: ثني ابن مهدي، عن الثوري، عن الأعمش، عن أَبي ظبيان، عن علقمة مثله ؛ غير أنه قال في حديثه: فيعلم أنها من قضاء الله، فيرضى بها ويسلم. وقوله: (وَاللَّهُ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلِيمٌ ) يقول: والله بكل شيء ذو علم بما كان ويكون وما هو كائن من قبل أن يكون.