Tafseer of The Cattle · Al-An'aam · 6:133
And your Lord is the Free of need, the possessor of mercy. If He wills, he can do away with you and give succession after you to whomever He wills, just as He produced you from the descendants of another people.
Important: The Arabic source text is always authoritative. This translation is a study aid and has not been verified by scholars — do not use it as a basis for religious proof or for deriving rulings (ahkam). When in doubt, always consult the Arabic text and a qualified scholar.
The explanation of His word: وَرَبُّكَ الْغَنِيُّ ذُو الرَّحْمَةِ إِنْ يَشَأْ يُذْهِبْكُمْ وَيَسْتَخْلِفْ مِنْ بَعْدِكُمْ مَا يَشَاءُ كَمَا أَنْشَأَكُمْ مِنْ ذُرِّيَّةِ قَوْمٍ آخَرِينَ (133) ("And your Lord is the Self-Sufficient, full of mercy. If He wills, He can do away with you and appoint as successors after you whatever He wills, just as He brought you forth from the offspring of another people.") (133)
Abū Jaʿfar said: The Exalted, whose praise is exalted, says: "And your Lord" — O Muhammad — who commanded His servants what He commanded them, and forbade them what He forbade them, and rewarded them for obedience and punished them for disobedience = "the Self-Sufficient (al-ghanī)," who has no need of His servants whom He commanded what He commanded and forbade what He forbade, nor of their deeds, nor of their worship of Him; they, on the contrary, are dependent upon Him, for in His hand lie their life and their death, their sustenance and their food, their benefit and their harm. The Exalted, whose mention is mighty, says: I did not create them, O Muhammad, nor did I command them what I commanded them, nor forbid them what I forbade them, because I had any need of them or of their deeds, but in order that I might bestow upon them a favor through My mercy and reward them for their good deeds if they act well; for I am full of compassion and mercy.
As for His word: (If He wills, He can do away with you and appoint as successors after you whatever He wills), He thereby says: If your Lord wills — O Muhammad — who created His creatures without any need of them or of their obedience to Him = (He can do away with you), He says: then He destroys these creatures of His whom He created from the offspring of Adam = (and appoint as successors after you whatever He wills), He says: and He brings forth creatures other than you and communities other than you, who succeed you upon the earth = "after you," that is to say: after your perishing and destruction = (just as He brought you forth from the offspring of another people), just as He caused you to come into being and called you into existence after the creation of others who were before you.
The meaning of "min" (from) in this place is that of succession (taʿqīb), as one says in linguistic usage: "I gave you from your dinar a garment," in the sense of: in place of the dinar a garment, not that the garment is a part of the dinar. Likewise, by the words addressed to those who were addressed with His word: (just as He brought you forth), it was not intended by this statement that they were brought forth from the loins of another people, but the meaning of it is what we have mentioned, namely that they were brought forth in the place of a creation that took the place of another people who had perished before them.
And "al-dhurriyya" (the offspring) has the form "fuʿliyya," derived from the saying of the one who says: "Allah created the creation (dharaʾa)," in the sense: He created them, "He creates them (yadhraʾuhum)"; then the hamza was dropped and one said: "Allah created (dharā)," and thereafter the form "fuʿliyya" was formed without hamza, after the model of "al-ʿubbiyya."
And it is related of some of the earlier scholars that he used to read: "min dhurriʾatin qawmin ākharīna," after the model of "fuʿʿīla."
And of another that he used to read: "wa-min dhirriyyati," after the model of "ʿilliyya."
Abū Jaʿfar said: And the reading which the reciters in the various regions adhere to is: (dhurriyya), with a ḍamma on the dhāl and doubling (tashdīd) of the yāʾ, after the model of "ʿubbiyya."
And we have already set forth its derivation earlier, in a manner that makes it unnecessary to repeat it here.
The basic meaning of "al-inshāʾ" is bringing about (al-iḥdāth). One says: "So-and-so began to entertain the people (anshaʾa fulān yuḥaddithu al-qawm)," in the sense: he began with it and set himself to it.