Tafseer of The Table · Al-Maaida · 5:83
And when they hear what has been revealed to the Messenger, you see their eyes overflowing with tears because of what they have recognized of the truth. They say, "Our Lord, we have believed, so register us among the witnesses.
Important: The Arabic source text is always authoritative. This translation is a study aid and has not been verified by scholars — do not use it as a basis for religious proof or for deriving rulings (ahkam). When in doubt, always consult the Arabic text and a qualified scholar.
The explanation of His word: وَإِذَا سَمِعُوا مَا أُنْزِلَ إِلَى الرَّسُولِ تَرَى أَعْيُنَهُمْ تَفِيضُ مِنَ الدَّمْعِ مِمَّا عَرَفُوا مِنَ الْحَقِّ يَقُولُونَ رَبَّنَا آمَنَّا فَاكْتُبْنَا مَعَ الشَّاهِدِينَ (5:83) (And when they hear what has been sent down to the Messenger, you see their eyes overflow with tears because of the truth they have recognized. They say: "Our Lord, we believe, so record us among those who bear witness." (5:83))
Abū Jaʿfar said: The Exalted, whose praise is exalted, says: And when these who said إِنَّا نَصَارَى (We are Christians) — those whose characteristic I have described to you, O Muḥammad, that you find them to be the people most affectionate toward the believers — hear what has been sent down to you of the Book, while it is being recited: "you see their eyes overflow with tears."
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And "the overflowing of the eye with tears" means that the eye becomes full with them and then they flow out of it, just as a river overflows with water, and as a vessel overflows, and that is its flowing because of the intensity of its fullness. To this belongs the saying of al-Aʿshā:
Thus my tears flowed, and the tear-channels kept flowing: now trickling, now pouring down.
And His word: "because of the truth they have recognized" — He says: the overflowing of their tears occurs because of their knowledge that what is recited to them from the Book of Allah, which He has sent down to the Messenger of Allah, is the truth. As:
12325 - Hannād ibn al-Sarī related to me, saying: Yūnus ibn Bukayr related to us, saying: Asbāṭ ibn Naṣr al-Hamdānī related to us, on the authority of Ismāʿīl ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Suddī, who said: The Negus sent to the Prophet ﷺ twelve men to question him and to bring back a report about him. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ recited the Qurʾān to them, and they wept. Among them were seven monks and five priests — or: five monks and seven priests. Then Allah sent down concerning them: "And when they hear what has been sent down to the Messenger, you see their eyes overflow with tears," to the end of the verse.
12326 - ʿAmr ibn ʿAlī related to us, saying: ʿUmar ibn ʿAlī ibn Muqaddam related to us, saying: I heard Hishām ibn ʿUrwa relate, on the authority of his father, on the authority of ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Zubayr, who said: It was revealed concerning the Negus and his companions: "And when they hear what has been sent down to the Messenger, you see their eyes overflow with tears."
12327 - Hannād related to us, saying: ʿAbda ibn Sulaymān related to us, on the authority of Hishām ibn ʿUrwa, on the authority of his father, concerning His word: "you see their eyes overflow with tears because of the truth they have recognized," he said: That concerns the Negus.
12328 - Hannād and Ibn Wakīʿ related to us, both of them saying: Abū Muʿāwiya related to us, on the authority of Hishām ibn ʿUrwa, on the authority of his father, who said: It was held that this verse was revealed concerning the Negus: "And when they hear what has been sent down to the Messenger, you see their eyes overflow with tears."
12329 - Hannād related to us, saying: Yūnus ibn Bukayr related to us, saying: Ibn Isḥāq said: I asked al-Zuhrī about the verses: ذَلِكَ بِأَنَّ مِنْهُمْ قِسِّيسِينَ وَرُهْبَانًا وَأَنَّهُمْ لا يَسْتَكْبِرُونَ * وَإِذَا سَمِعُوا مَا أُنْزِلَ إِلَى الرَّسُولِ تَرَى أَعْيُنَهُمْ تَفِيضُ مِنَ الدَّمْعِ (That is because among them are priests and monks, and because they are not arrogant. And when they hear what has been sent down to the Messenger, you see their eyes overflow with tears) — the verse — and about His word: وَإِذَا خَاطَبَهُمُ الْجَاهِلُونَ قَالُوا سَلامًا (And when the ignorant address them, they say: "Peace") [Sūrah al-Furqān: 63]. He said: I have continued to hear our scholars say: It was revealed concerning the Negus and his companions.
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And as for His word: "yaqūlūn" (they say) — had this been in the form of a noun, it would stand in the accusative as a circumstantial qualifier (ḥāl), because the meaning of the word is: And when they hear what has been sent down to the Messenger, you see their eyes overflow with tears because of the truth they have recognized, saying: "Our Lord, we believe."
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And by His word, the Exalted whose praise is exalted: "they say: Our Lord, we believe," He means that they say: O our Lord, we have held to be true, when we heard what You have sent down to Your prophet Muḥammad ﷺ from Your Book, and we have acknowledged that it is from You and that it is the truth in which there is no doubt.
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And as for His word: "so record us among those who bear witness" — there has been related from Ibn ʿAbbās and others, in its explanation, that which is:
12330 - Hannād related this to us, saying: Wakīʿ related to us — and Ibn Wakīʿ related to us, saying: My father and Ibn Numayr related to us — all together, on the authority of Isrāʾīl, on the authority of Simāk, on the authority of ʿIkrima, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās, concerning His word: "record us among those who bear witness," he said: The community of Muḥammad ﷺ.
12331 - Al-Qāsim related to us, saying: Al-Ḥusayn related to us, saying: Ḥajjāj related to me, on the authority of Ibn Jurayj: "so record us among those who bear witness," with the community of Muḥammad ﷺ.
12332 - Al-Muthannā related to me, saying: ʿAbd Allāh ibn Ṣāliḥ related to us, saying: Muʿāwiya related to me, on the authority of ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭalḥa, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās: "so record us among those who bear witness," by "those who bear witness" they mean Muḥammad ﷺ and his community.
12333 - Al-Ḥārith related to me, saying: ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz related to us, saying: Isrāʾīl related to us, on the authority of Simāk, on the authority of ʿIkrima, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās, concerning His word: "so record us among those who bear witness," he said: Muḥammad ﷺ and his community, for they bore witness that he had delivered [the message], and they bore witness that the messengers had delivered [their message].
12334 - Al-Rabīʿ related to us, saying: Asad ibn Mūsā related to us, saying: Yaḥyā ibn Zakariyā related to us, saying: Isrāʾīl related to me, on the authority of Simāk, on the authority of ʿIkrima, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās, like the report of al-Ḥārith ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz — except that he said: and they bore witness in favor of the messengers that they had delivered [their message].
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Abū Jaʿfar said: It is as though the one who gives this explanation intended, by his explanation, the meaning of the word of Allah, the Exalted whose praise is exalted: وَكَذَلِكَ جَعَلْنَاكُمْ أُمَّةً وَسَطًا لِتَكُونُوا شُهَدَاءَ عَلَى النَّاسِ وَيَكُونَ الرَّسُولُ عَلَيْكُمْ شَهِيدًا (And thus We have made you a moderate community, that you may be witnesses over mankind, and that the Messenger may be a witness over you) [Sūrah al-Baqarah: 143]. Thus Ibn ʿAbbās held that "those who bear witness" are the same "witnesses" as in His word: لِتَكُونُوا شُهَدَاءَ عَلَى النَّاسِ (that you may be witnesses over mankind), and they are the community of Muḥammad ﷺ.
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And if the explanation is that, then the meaning of the word: "they say: Our Lord, we believe, so record us among those who bear witness" — those who will bear witness, in favor of Your prophets, on the Day of Resurrection, that they delivered Your messages to their communities.
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And if someone were to say: its meaning is: "record us among those who bear witness" — those who bear witness that what You have sent down to Your messenger of Books is the truth — that too would be correct. For that is the conclusion of His word: "And when they hear what has been sent down to the Messenger, you see their eyes overflow with tears because of the truth they have recognized. They say: Our Lord, we believe, so record us among those who bear witness." And that is a description by Allah, the Exalted whose praise is exalted, of them, on account of their faith when they heard what they heard from the Book of Allah. So their request to Allah would likewise be that He count them among those whose testimony concerning that is valid with Him, and that He cause them to attain their ranks in the reward and the recompense.
And the meaning of "the recording" (al-kitāb) in this place is: the making (al-jaʿl).
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He says: so make us among those who bear witness, and confirm us among them in their ranks.