Tabari

Tafseer of Ornaments of gold · Az-Zukhruf · 43:71

يُطَافُ عَلَيْهِم بِصِحَافٍۢ مِّن ذَهَبٍۢ وَأَكْوَابٍۢ ۖ وَفِيهَا مَا تَشْتَهِيهِ ٱلْأَنفُسُ وَتَلَذُّ ٱلْأَعْيُنُ ۖ وَأَنتُمْ فِيهَا خَٰلِدُونَ

Circulated among them will be plates and vessels of gold. And therein is whatever the souls desire and [what] delights the eyes, and you will abide therein eternally.

Important: The Arabic source text is always authoritative. This translation is a study aid and has not been verified by scholars — do not use it as a basis for religious proof or for deriving rulings (ahkam). When in doubt, always consult the Arabic text and a qualified scholar.

Tabari (1 passage)

  1. Full Dutch translation of Tabari's text

    The statement concerning the explanation of His word, the Exalted: يُطَافُ عَلَيْهِمْ بِصِحَافٍ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ وَأَكْوَابٍ وَفِيهَا مَا تَشْتَهِيهِ الأَنْفُسُ وَتَلَذُّ الأَعْيُنُ وَأَنْتُمْ فِيهَا خَالِدُونَ (71) ("Platters of gold and goblets are passed round among them, and therein is whatever the souls desire and whatever delights the eyes, and you shall abide therein eternally" (43:71)).

    He, exalted is His mention, says: Among these who in the worldly life believed in His signs, when they enter the Garden (janna) in the Hereafter, platters of gold are passed round. This (ṣiḥāf) is the plural, for a large quantity, of ṣaḥfa; and the ṣaḥfa is the bowl (qaṣʿa).

    And in accordance with what we have said concerning this, the people of interpretation (ahl al-taʾwīl) have spoken.

    * Mention of who said that:

    Muḥammad related to us, saying: Aḥmad related to us, saying: Asbāṭ related to us, on the authority of al-Suddī: يُطَافُ عَلَيْهِمْ بِصِحَافٍ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ ("Platters of gold are passed round among them"), he said: The bowls (al-qiṣāʿ).

    Abū Kurayb related to us, saying: Yamān related to us, on the authority of Ashʿath ibn Isḥāq, on the authority of Jaʿfar, on the authority of Shuʿba, he said: "Indeed, the lowest in rank of the people of the Garden is one who has a palace in which there are seventy thousand servants, in the hand of each servant a platter besides what is in the hand of his companion; were he to open his door and the people of the world were to enter upon him as guests, he would have room for them all."

    Ibn Ḥumayd related to us, saying: Yaʿqūb al-Qummī related to us, Jaʿfar, on the authority of Saʿīd, he said: "Indeed, the least in dwelling of the people of the Garden is one who has seventy thousand servants, with each servant a platter of gold; were all the people of the earth to alight upon him, he would have room for them all, without needing for that the help of anything else. And that is in the word of Allah, blessed and exalted is He: لَهُمْ مَا يَشَاءُونَ فِيهَا وَلَدَيْنَا مَزِيدٌ ('They have therein whatever they wish, and with Us is yet more'), and for them is وَفِيهَا مَا تَشْتَهِيهِ الأَنْفُسُ وَتَلَذُّ الأَعْيُنُ ('and therein is whatever the souls desire and whatever delights the eyes')."

    Bishr related to us, saying: Yazīd related to us, saying: Saʿīd related to us, on the authority of Qatāda, on the authority of Abū Ayyūb al-Azdī, on the authority of ʿAbdallāh ibn ʿAmr, he said: "There is no one of the people of the Garden but that a thousand youths work for him, each youth with a task that his companion does not have."

    And His word: وَأَكْوَابٍ ("and goblets"). This (akwāb) is the plural of kūb; and the kūb is the jug with a round top, which has no handle and no spout. To this al-Aʿshā alluded with his word:

    Ṣarīfiyya, pleasant is her taste, she has foam between goblet (kūb) and wine-jar (dann).

    And in accordance with what we have said concerning this, the people of interpretation have spoken.

    * Mention of who said that:

    Muḥammad related to us, saying: Aḥmad related to us, saying: Asbāṭ related to us, on the authority of al-Suddī: وَأَكْوَابٍ ("and goblets"), he said: The goblets that have no handles.

    And the meaning of the word is: Among them the food is passed round therein in platters of gold, and the drink in goblets of gold. He confined himself to mentioning the platters and the goblets in place of mentioning the food and the drink that is in them, on account of the knowledge of the listeners regarding its meaning. وَفِيهَا مَا تَشْتَهِي الأنْفُسُ وَتَلَذُّ الأعْيُنُ ("and therein is whatever the souls desire and whatever delights the eyes"). He, exalted is His mention, says: For you in the Garden is whatever your souls desire, O believers, and whatever delights your eyes. وَأَنْتُمْ فِيهَا خَالِدُونَ ("and you shall abide therein eternally"). He says: And you shall abide therein, you shall never depart from it.

    As Bishr related to us, saying: ʿAbd al-Raḥmān related to us, saying: Sufyān related to us, on the authority of ʿAlqama ibn Marthad, on the authority of Ibn Sābiṭ, that a man said: O Messenger of Allah, I love horses; are there horses in the Garden? He said: "If He admits you into the Garden, if He wills, then you will have no desire to ride a horse of red ruby that flies with you to whatever part of the Garden you wish, but it does so." Then a bedouin said: O Messenger of Allah, I love camels; are there camels in the Garden? He said: "O bedouin, if Allah admits you into the Garden, if Allah wills, then therein is whatever your soul desires and whatever your eyes delight in."

    Al-Ḥasan ibn ʿArafa related to us, saying: ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Abbār related to us, on the authority of Muḥammad ibn Saʿd al-Anṣārī, on the authority of Abū Ẓabya al-Salafī, he said: Indeed, the company of the people of the Garden is shaded by a cloud, he said: and it says: With what shall I rain upon you? He said: and no one of the people asks for anything but that it rains it upon them, until the speaker among them says: Rain upon us maidens of equal age, full-bosomed and round.

    Ibn ʿArafa related to us, saying: Marwān ibn Muʿāwiya related to us, on the authority of ʿAlī ibn Abī al-Walīd, he said: Mujāhid was asked: Is there music in the Garden? He said: Indeed, therein is a tree called al-ʿĪṣ, which has a sound the like of which its hearers have never heard.

    Mūsā ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān related to me, saying: Zayd ibn Ḥubāb related to us, saying: Muʿāwiya ibn Ṣāliḥ informed us, saying: Sulaymān ibn ʿĀmir related to me, saying: I heard Abū Umāma say: "Indeed, the man of the people of the Garden desires the bird while it is flying, and it falls split open and cooked into his palm, and he eats of it until his soul is satisfied; then it flies away. And he desires the drink, and the jug falls into his hand, and he drinks of it what he wishes; then it returns to its place."

    And the reciters (al-qurrāʾ) differed over the recitation of His word: وَفِيهَا مَا تَشْتَهِيهِ الأنْفُسُ ("and therein is whatever the souls desire"). Most of the reciters of Medina and Syria read it: مَا تَشْتَهِيهِ with the addition of a hāʾ, and so it is also in their copies (maṣāḥif). And most of the reciters of Iraq read that: تَشْتَهِي without hāʾ, and so it is also in their copies.

    And the correct view concerning this is that they are two well-known recitations with one and the same meaning; with whichever of the two the reciter recites, he has hit upon what is correct.

    ------------------------

    Footnotes:

    (3) The verse is by al-Aʿshā ibn Qays of Banū Thaʿlaba (his dīwān, printed in Cairo, p. 17). Ṣarīfiyya is attributed to Ṣarīfūn, a place in Iraq known for the excellence of its wine. It has also been said that it is attributed to al-ṣarīf, namely the milk at the moment it is milked; he called her ṣarīfiyya because she was at that moment taken out of the wine-jar, as though she were taken before she was mixed. And the foam (al-zabad) is what appears as bubbles on top upon the movement, from the wine-jar to the goblet. And the kūb is the pitcher that has no handle, or it is the pitcher with a round top that has no handle.

    (4) A well-known, frequently transmitted (mutawātir) recitation with the omission of the hāʾ.

    Show original Arabic
    القول في تأويل قوله تعالى : يُطَافُ عَلَيْهِمْ بِصِحَافٍ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ وَأَكْوَابٍ وَفِيهَا مَا تَشْتَهِيهِ الأَنْفُسُ وَتَلَذُّ الأَعْيُنُ وَأَنْتُمْ فِيهَا خَالِدُونَ (71) يقول تعالى ذكره: يُطاف على هؤلاء الذين آمنوا بآياته في الدنيا إذا دخلوا الجنة في الآخرة بصحاف من ذهب, وهي جمع للكثير من الصَّحْفة, والصَّحْفة: القصعة. وبنحو الذي قلنا في ذلك قال أهل التأويل. * ذكر من قال ذلك: حدثنا محمد, قال: ثنا أحمد, قال: ثنا أسباط, عن السديّ( يُطَافُ عَلَيْهِمْ بِصِحَافٍ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ ) قال: القصاع. حدثنا أبو كريب, قال: ثنا يمان, عن أشعث بن إسحاق, عن جعفر, عن شعبة, قال: " إنّ أدنى أهل الجنة منـزلة, من له قصر فيه سبعون ألف خادم, في يد كل خادم صحفة سوى ما في يد صاحبها, لو فتح بابه فضافه أهل الدنيا لأوسعهم ". حدثنا ابن حميد, قال: ثنا يعقوب القميّ, جعفر, عن سعيد, قال: " إن أخسّ أهل الجنة منـزلا من له سبعون ألف خادم, مع كل خادم صحفة من ذهب, لو نـزل به جميع أهل الأرض لأوسعهم, لا يستعين عليهم بشيء من غيره, وذلك في قول الله تبارك وتعالى: لَهُمْ مَا يَشَاءُونَ فِيهَا وَلَدَيْنَا مَزِيدٌ ولهم (وَفِيهَا مَا تَشْتَهِيهِ الأَنْفُسُ وَتَلَذُّ الأَعْيُنُ)". حدثنا بشر, قال: ثنا يزيد, قال: ثنا سعيد, عن قتادة, عن أبي أيوب الأزدي, عن عبد الله بن عمرو, قال: " ما أحد من أهل الجنة إلا يسعى عليه ألف غلام, كلّ غلام على عمل ما عليه صاحبه ". وقوله: ( وَأَكْوَابٍ ) وهي جمع كوب, والكوب: الإبريق المستدير الرأس, الذي لا أذن له ولا خرطوم, وإياه عنى الأعشى بقوله? صَرِيفِيَّـــةٌ طَيِّـــبٌ طَعْمُهَـــا لَهَــا زَبَــدٌ بَيْــنَ كُــوب وَدَنّ (3) وبنحو الذي قلنا في ذلك قال أهل التأويل. * ذكر من قال ذلك: حدثنا محمد, قال حدثنا أحمد, قال: ثنا أسباط, عن السديّ( وَأَكْوَابٍ ) قال: الأكواب التي ليست لها آذان. ومعنى الكلام: يطاف عليهم فيها بالطعام في صحاف من ذهب, وبالشرب في أكواب من ذهب, فاستغنى بذكر الصحاف والأكواب من ذكر الطعام والشراب, الذي يكون فيها لمعرفة السامعين بمعناه " وَفِيهَا مَا تَشْتَهِي (4) الأنْفُسُ وَتَلَذُّ الأعْيُنُ" يقول تعالى ذكره: لكم في الجنة ما تشتهي نفوسكم أيها المؤمنون, وتلذّ أعينكم ( وَأَنْتُمْ فِيهَا خَالِدُونَ ) يقول: وأنتم فيها ماكثون,لا تخرجون منها أبدا. كما حدثنا بشر, قال: ثنا عبد الرحمن, قال: ثنا سفيان, عن علقمة بن مرثد, عن ابن سابط أن رجلا قال: يا رسول الله إني أُحِبُّ الخَيْلَ, فهل في الجنة خيل؟ فقال: " إنْ يُدْخِلْكَ الجَنَّةَ إنْ شاءَ, فَلا تَشاءُ أنْ تَرْكَبَ فَرَسًا مِنْ يَاقُوتَةٍ حَمْرَاءَ تَطيرُ بِكَ فِي أيّ الجَنَّة شِئْتَ إلا فَعَلَتْ", فقال أعرابيّ: يا رسول الله إني أحبّ الإبلَ, فهل في الجنة إبل؟ فقال: " يا أعرابيّ إنْ يُدْخِلْكَ اللهُ الجَنَّةَ إنْ شاءَ اللهُ, فَفِيها ما اشْتَهَتْ نَفْسُكَ, وَلَذَّتْ عَيْنَاك ". حدثنا الحسن بن عرفة, قال: ثنا عمر بن عبد الرحمن الأبار, عن محمد بن سعد الأنصاري, عن أبي ظبية السلفي, قال: إن السرب من أهل الجنة لتظلهم السحابة, قال: فتقول: ما أُمْطِرُكُمْ؟ قال: فما يدعو داع من القوم بشيء إلا أمطرتهم, حتى إن القائل منهم ليقول: أمطرينا كواعب أترابا. حدثنا ابن عرفة, قال: ثنا مروان بن معاوية, عن عليّ بن أبي الوليد, قال: قيل لمجاهد في الجنة سماع؟ قال: إن فيها لشجرا يقال له العيص, له سماع لم يسمع السامعون إلى مثله. حدثني موسى بن عبد الرحمن, قال: ثنا زيد بن حباب, قال: أخبرنا معاوية بن صالح, قال: ثني سليمان بن عامر, قال: سمعت أبا أمامة, يقول: " إن الرجل من أهل الجنة ليشتهي الطائر وهو يطير, فيقع متفلقا نضيجا في كفه, فيأكل منه حتى تنتهي نفسه, ثم يطير, ويشتهي الشراب, فيقع الإبريق في يده, ويشرب منه ما يريد, ثم يرجع إلى مكانه. واختلفت القرّاء في قراءة قوله: ( وَفِيهَا مَا تَشْتَهِيهِ الأنْفُسُ ) فقرأته عامة قرّاء المدينة والشام: ( مَا تَشْتَهِيهِ ) بزيادة هاء, وكذلك ذلك في مصاحفهم. وقرأ ذلك عامة قرّاء العراق " تَشْتَهِي" بغير هاء, وكذلك هو في مصاحفهم. والصواب من القول في ذلك أنهما قراءتان مشهورتان بمعنى واحد, فبأيتهما قرأ القارئ فمصيب. ------------------------ الهوامش: (3) البيت لأعشى بن قيس بني ثعلبة ( ديوانه طبع القاهرة ص 17) وصريفية ، منسوبة إلى صريفون : موضع بالعراق مشهور بجودة خمره . وقيل نسبت إلى الصريف وهو اللبن ساعة يحلب جعلها صريفية لأنها أخذت من الدن ساعتئذ أحضرت ، كأنها أخذت قبل أن تمزج . والزبد . ما يعلوها عند تحريكها من الدن إلى الكوب من الفقاقيع . والكوب : الكوز الذي لا عروة له . أو هو الكوز المستدير الرأس الذي لا أذن له . (4) قراءة مشهورة متواترة بحذف الهاء .