Tabari (1 passage)

1. Full Dutch translation of Tabari's text

   And His statement: ( أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِينَ يُجَادِلُونَ فِي آيَاتِ اللَّهِ أَنَّى يُصْرَفُونَ ) ("Have you not seen those who dispute concerning the signs of Allah — how are they turned away?"). He says to His Prophet Muḥammad ﷺ: Have you not seen, O Muḥammad, these polytheists (mushrikīn) from your people, who dispute with you concerning the proofs of Allah and His signs — ( أَنَّى يُصْرَفُونَ ) ("how are they turned away?"). He says: to which side are they turned away from the truth, and how do they deviate from right guidance.

   As Bishr related to us, he said: Yazīd related to us, he said: Saʿīd related to us, on the authority of Qatāda, concerning ( أَنَّى يُصْرَفُونَ ) ("how are they turned away?"): how is it that they deny and deviate.

   Yūnus related to me, he said: Ibn Wahb informed us, he said: Ibn Zayd said, concerning His statement ( أَنَّى يُصْرَفُونَ ) ("how are they turned away?"), he said: they are turned away from the truth.

   The people of interpretation (ahl al-taʾwīl) differed concerning who was meant by this verse. Some of them said: by it were meant the people of [predestined] decree (ahl al-qadar).

   * Mention of who said that:

   Muḥammad ibn Bashshār and Muḥammad ibn al-Muthannā related to us, they both said: Muʾammal related to us, he said: Sufyān related to us, on the authority of Dāwūd ibn Abī Hind, on the authority of Muḥammad ibn Sīrīn, he said: If this verse was not sent down concerning the qadariyya, then I do not know concerning whom it was sent down: ( أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِينَ يُجَادِلُونَ فِي آيَاتِ اللَّهِ أَنَّى يُصْرَفُونَ ) ("Have you not seen those who dispute concerning the signs of Allah — how are they turned away?") up to His statement: لَمْ نَكُنْ نَدْعُو مِنْ قَبْلُ شَيْئًا كَذَلِكَ يُضِلُّ اللَّهُ الْكَافِرِينَ ("We used not to call upon anything before. Thus does Allah lead the disbelievers (kāfir) astray.").

   ʿAlī ibn Sahl related to me, he said: Zayd ibn Abī al-Zarqāʾ related to us, on the authority of Sufyān, on the authority of Dāwūd ibn Abī Hind, on the authority of Ibn Sīrīn, he said: If it is not the people of [predestined] decree (ahl al-qadar) who recklessly plunge into the signs of Allah, then we have no knowledge of it.

   Yūnus related to me, he said: Ibn Wahb informed us, he said: Mālik ibn Abī al-Khayr al-Ziyādī informed me, on the authority of Abū Qubayl, he said: ʿUqba ibn ʿĀmir al-Juhanī informed me, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "From my community there will perish the people of the Book and the people of slackness." Then ʿUqba said: O Messenger of Allah, and who are the people of the Book? He said: "A people who study the Book of Allah and dispute thereby with those who believe." Then ʿUqba said: O Messenger of Allah, and who are the people of slackness? He said: "A people who follow desires and neglect the prayers (ṣalāh)." Abū Qubayl said: I suppose that the deniers of [predestined] decree (qadar) are none other than those who dispute with those who believe; and as for the people of slackness, I suppose that they are none other than the people of the column [ahl al-ʿamūd], who have no imam of the community over them and do not know the month of Ramadan.

   And others said: no, by it were meant the people of polytheism (ahl al-shirk).

   * Mention of who said that:

   Yūnus related to me, he said: Ibn Wahb informed us, he said: Ibn Zayd said, concerning His statement ( أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِينَ يُجَادِلُونَ فِي آيَاتِ اللَّهِ أَنَّى يُصْرَفُونَ ) ("Have you not seen those who dispute concerning the signs of Allah — how are they turned away?"), he said: these are the polytheists (mushrikīn).

   And the correct of what has been said concerning this is what Ibn Zayd said; and Allah has made the truth of that clear by His statement: الَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا بِالْكِتَابِ وَبِمَا أَرْسَلْنَا بِهِ رُسُلَنَا ("Those who denied the Book and that with which We sent Our messengers.").

   Show original Arabic

   وقوله: ( أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِينَ يُجَادِلُونَ فِي آيَاتِ اللَّهِ أَنَّى يُصْرَفُونَ ) يقول لنبيه محمد صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم ألم تر يا محمد هؤلاء المشركين من قومك, الذين يخاصمونك في حجج الله وآياته ( أَنَّى يُصْرَفُونَ ) يقول: أيّ وجه يصرفون عن الحق, ويعدلون عن الرشد. كما حدثنا بشر, قال: ثنا يزيد, قال: ثنا سعيد, عن قتادة ( أَنَّى يُصْرَفُونَ ) : أنى يكذبون ويعدلون. حدثني يونس, قال: أخبرنا ابن وهب, قال: قال ابن زيد, في قوله: ( أَنَّى يُصْرَفُونَ ) قال: يُصْرَفون عن الحقّ. واختلف أهل التأويل في الذين عنوا بهذه الآية, فقال بعضهم: عنى بها أهل القدر. * ذكر من قال ذلك: حدثنا محمد بن بشار ومحمد بن المثنى, قالا ثنا مؤمل, قال: ثنا سفيان, عن داود بن أبي هند. عن محمد بن سيرين, قال: إن لم تكن هذه الآية نـزلت في القدرية, فإني لا أدري فيمن نـزلت: ( أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِينَ يُجَادِلُونَ فِي آيَاتِ اللَّهِ أَنَّى يُصْرَفُونَ ) إلى قوله: لَمْ نَكُنْ نَدْعُو مِنْ قَبْلُ شَيْئًا كَذَلِكَ يُضِلُّ اللَّهُ الْكَافِرِينَ . حدثني عليّ بن سهل, قال: ثنا زيد بن أبي الزرقاء, عن سفيان, عن داود بن أبي هند, عن ابن سيرين, قال: إن لم يكن أهل القدر الذين يخوضون في آيات الله فلا علم لنا به. حدثني يونس, قال: أخبرنا ابن وهب, قال: أخبرني مالك بن أبي الخير الزيادي, عن أبي قبيل, قال: أخبرني عقبة بن عامر الجهني, أن رسول الله صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم قال: " سَيَهْلِكُ مِنْ أُمَّتِي أهْلُ الكِتَابِ, وأهْلُ اللِّينِ" فقال عقبة: يا رسول الله, وما أهل الكتاب؟ قال: " قَوْمٌ يَتَعَلَّمُونَ كِتابَ الله يُجادلُونَ الَّذينَ آمَنُوا ", فقال عقبة: يا رسول الله, وما أهل اللين؟ قال: " قَوْمٌ يَتَّبِعُونَ الشَّهَوَاتِ, ويُضَيِّعُونَ الصَّلَوَاتِ". قال أبو قبيل: لا أحسب المكذّبين بالقدر إلا الذين يجادلون الذين آمنوا, وأما أهل اللين, فلا أحسبهم إلا أهل العمود (1) ليس عليهم إمام جماعة, ولا يعرفون شهر رمضان. وقال آخرون: بل عنى به أهل الشرك. * ذكر من قال ذلك: حدثني يونس, قال: أخبرنا ابن وهب, قال: قال ابن زيد, في قوله: ( أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِينَ يُجَادِلُونَ فِي آيَاتِ اللَّهِ أَنَّى يُصْرَفُونَ ) قال: هؤلاء المشركون. والصواب من القول في ذلك ما قاله ابن زيد; وقد بين الله حقيقة ذلك بقوله: الَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا بِالْكِتَابِ وَبِمَا أَرْسَلْنَا بِهِ رُسُلَنَا . ------------------------ الهوامش: (1) كذا في الأصل ، ولم أجد معنى للعمود في النهاية لابن الأثير ، ولعله محرف عن ( العمور) بضم العين ، جمع عمر ، بفتح فسكون وبضمتين ، وهو من النخيل ، وهو الحسوق الطويل . يريد أصحاب هذه النخل الملازمين لها ، يجادلون في الدين ، بلا علم ولا فقه .