Tabari (1 passage)

1. Full Dutch translation of Tabari's text

   The explanation of His word: بَلَى مَنْ أَوْفَى بِعَهْدِهِ وَاتَّقَى فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ الْمُتَّقِينَ ("Nay, whoever fulfills his covenant and fears (Allah) — truly, Allah loves the God-fearing") (3:76).

   Abū Jaʿfar said: This is a report from Allah — mighty and exalted is He — about what is laid up with Him for whoever returns the trust entrusted to him to the one who entrusted it to him, out of fear of Allah and out of awe of Him. He — exalted be His praise — says: The matter is not as these liars against Allah, from among the Jews, claim, namely that there rests upon them no objection or sin for appropriating the possessions of the unlettered ones (al-ummiyyīn). Then He said: Nay — but whoever fulfills his covenant and fears (Allah) — He means: but the one who fulfills his covenant, and that is His command to them which He gave them in the Torah, namely faith in Muḥammad (the Prophet ﷺ) and in what he brought them.

   * * *

   And the "hāʾ" (the possessive pronoun) in His word "whoever fulfills his covenant" refers back to the name "Allah" in His word: وَيَقُولُونَ عَلَى اللَّهِ الْكَذِبَ ("and they speak lies against Allah").

   * * *

   He says: Nay, whoever fulfills the covenant of Allah, which He made with him in His Book, and who thus believes in Muḥammad (the Prophet ﷺ), holding him and what he brought from Allah to be true — by returning the trust to the one who entrusted it to him, and by observing the rest of what Allah commands and forbids — "and fears (Allah)," He says: and who guards himself against that which Allah has forbidden him, namely disbelief in Him, and the rest of the sins which He has forbidden him, and who thus avoids that, taking heed of Allah's threat and out of fear of His punishment — "truly, Allah loves the God-fearing," He means: truly, Allah loves those who fear Him, who dread His punishment and guard themselves against His torment (ʿadhāb), who thus avoid what He has forbidden them and declared unlawful for them, and who obey Him in what He has commanded them.

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   And it is related from Ibn ʿAbbās that he used to say: it is guarding oneself against ascribing partners to Allah (shirk).

   7277 - Al-Muthannā related to me, saying: ʿAbd Allāh ibn Ṣāliḥ related to us, saying: Muʿāwiya related to us, on the authority of ʿAlī, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās, his word: "Nay, whoever fulfills his covenant and fears (Allah)" — he says: guards himself against shirk — "truly, Allah loves the God-fearing," he says: those who guard themselves against shirk.

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   And we have already set forth earlier in our book the disagreement of the exegetes concerning that, and the correct view therein, with the indications that point to it, in a manner sufficient to make repetition unnecessary.

   Show original Arabic

   القول في تأويل قوله : بَلَى مَنْ أَوْفَى بِعَهْدِهِ وَاتَّقَى فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ الْمُتَّقِينَ (76) قال أبو جعفر: وهذا إخبار من الله عز وجل عمَّا لمنْ أدَّى أمانته إلى من ائتمنه عليها اتقاءَ الله ومراقبتَه، عنده. (41) فقال جل ثناؤه: ليس الأمر كما يقول هؤلاء الكاذبون على الله من اليهود، من أنه ليس عليهم في أموَال الأميين حرج ولا إثم، ثمّ قال: بلى، ولكن من أوفى بعهده واتقى - يعني: ولكن الذي أوفى بعهده، وذلك وصيته إياهم التي أوصاهم بها في التوراة، من الإيمان بمحمد صلى الله عليه وسلم وما جاءهم به. (42) * * * و " الهاء " في قوله: " من أوفى بعهده "، عائدة على اسم " الله " في قوله: وَيَقُولُونَ عَلَى اللَّهِ الْكَذِبَ . * * * يقول: بلى من أوفى بعهد الله الذي عاهده في كتابه، فآمن بمحمد صلى الله عليه وسلم وصَدّق به وبما جاء به من الله، من أداء الأمانة إلى من ائتمنه عليها، وغير ذلك من أمر الله ونهيه =" واتقى "، يقول: واتقى ما نهاه الله عنه من الكفر به، وسائر معاصيه التي حرّمها عليه، فاجتنبَ ذلك مراقبةَ وعيد الله وخوفَ عقابه =" فإنّ الله يحبّ المتقين "، يعني: فإن الله يحب الذين يتقونه فيخافون عقابه ويحذرون عذابه، فيجتنبون ما نهاهم عنه وحرّمه عليهم، ويطيعونه فيما أمرهم به. * * * وقد روى عن ابن عباس أنه كان يقول: هو اتقاء الشرك. 7277 - حدثني المثنى قال، حدثنا عبد الله بن صالح قال، حدثنا معاوية، عن علي، عن ابن عباس قوله: " بلى من أوفى بعهده واتقى " يقول: اتقى الشرك =" فإنّ الله يحب المتقين "، يقول: الذين يتقون الشرك. * * * وقد بينا اختلافَ أهل التأويل في ذلك والصوابَ من القول فيه، بالأدلة الدّالة عليه، فيما مضى من كتابنا، بما فيه الكفاية عن إعادته. (43) ----------------------------- الهوامش : (41) في المطبوعة: "هذا إخبار من الله عز وجل عمن أدى أمانته إلى من ائتمنه عليها اتقاء الله ومراقبته وعيده" ، والذي أثبت هو نص المخطوطة ، وهو الصواب المحض. والسياق: "وهذا إخبار من الله... عما لمن أدى أمانته... عنده". وقوله: "واتقاء الله ومراقبته" على النصب فيهما ، مفعول لأجله. (42) انظر بيان معنى"أوفى" فيما سلف 1: 557-559 / 3: 348. وانظر تفسير"العهد" فيما سلف 1: 410-414 ، ثم 557-559 / 3: 20-24 ، 348 ، 349. (43) انظر تفسير"اتقى" و"التقوى" فيما سلف 1: 232 ، 233 ، 364 / 2: 181 ، 457 / 4: 162 ، 244 ، 425 ، 426 / ثم 6: 261.