Tabari (1 passage)

1. Full Dutch translation of Tabari's text

   Allah the Exalted says to His Prophet Muḥammad ﷺ: And remember, O Muḥammad, Dāwūd and Sulaymān when they gave judgment concerning the crop (al-ḥarth).

   The exegetes differed concerning what that crop was. Some said: it was a field of young plants.

   We mention who said that:

   Ibn Bashshār related to us, saying: ʿAbd al-Raḥmān related to us, saying: Sufyān related to us, on the authority of Ibn Isḥāq, on the authority of Murra, concerning His word (when they gave judgment concerning the crop): he said: the crop was young plants.

   Bishr related to us, saying: Yazīd related to us, saying: Saʿīd related to us on the authority of Qatāda, who said: it has been related to us that the sheep of a certain people strayed by night into the crop of others.

   Others said: rather, that crop was a vineyard.

   We mention who said that:

   Abū Kurayb related to us, saying: al-Muḥāribī related to us, on the authority of Ashjath, on the authority of Abū Isḥāq, on the authority of Murra, on the authority of Ibn Masʿūd, concerning His word (and Dāwūd and Sulaymān, when they gave judgment concerning the crop): he said: a vineyard that had formed its clusters.

   Tamīm ibn al-Muntaṣir related to us, saying: Isḥāq informed us, on the authority of Sharīk, on the authority of Abū Isḥāq, on the authority of Masrūq, on the authority of Shurayḥ, who said: the crop was a vineyard.

   Abū Jaʿfar said: the most correct of those statements is what Allah the Blessed and Exalted has said: (when they gave judgment concerning the crop) — and the crop is merely the cultivation of the land; and it is possible that it was a grain crop, and it is possible that it was a planting; and there is no harm in not knowing which of the two it was.

   And His word (when the sheep of the people grazed therein by night (nafashat)): that is to say: when the sheep of a people other than the owners of the crop entered that crop by night and grazed it down or spoiled it — (and We were witnesses to their judgment): that is to say: We were witnesses to the judgment of Dāwūd and Sulaymān, and to the judgment concerning the people about whom they judged regarding what the sheep of the owners of the sheep had spoiled of the crop of the owners of the crop — witnesses from whom nothing of it was hidden and the knowledge of which did not escape Us.

   Show original Arabic

   يقول تعالى ذكره لنبيه محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم: واذكر داود وسليمان يا محمد إذ يحكمان في الحرث. واختلف أهل التأويل في ذلك الحرث ما كان؟ فقال بعضهم: كان نبتا. * ذكر من قال ذلك: حدثنا ابن بشار، قال: ثنا عبد الرحمن، قال: ثنا سفيان، عن ابن إسحاق، عن مرّة في قوله ( إِذْ يَحْكُمَانِ فِي الْحَرْثِ ) قال: كان الحرث نبتا. حدثنا بشر، قال: ثنا يزيد، قال: ثنا سعيد عن قَتادة، قال: ذكر لنا أن غنم القوم وقعت في زرع ليلا. وقال آخرون: بل كان ذلك الحرث كَرْما. * ذكر من قال ذلك: حدثنا أبو كريب، قال: ثنا المحاربيّ، عن أشعث، عن أبي إسحاق، عن مرّة، عن ابن مسعود، في قوله ( وَدَاوُدَ وَسُلَيْمَانَ إِذْ يَحْكُمَانِ فِي الْحَرْثِ ) قال: كَرْم قد أنبت عناقيده. حدثنا تميم بن المنتصر، قال: أخبرنا إسحاق، عن شريك، عن أبي إسحاق، عن مسروق، عن شريح، قال: كان الحرث كَرما. قال أبو جعفر: وأولى الأقوال في ذلك بالصواب ما قال الله تبارك وتعالى ( إِذْ يَحْكُمَانِ فِي الْحَرْثِ ) والحرث: إنما هو حرث الأرض، وجائز أن يكون ذلك كان زرعا، وجائز أن يكون غَرْسا، وغير ضائر الجهل بأيّ ذلك كان. وقوله ( إِذْ نَفَشَتْ فِيهِ غَنَمُ الْقَوْمِ ) (1) يقول: حين دخلت في هذا الحرث غنم القوم الآخرين من غير أهل الحرث ليلا فرعته أو أفسدته ( وَكُنَّا لِحُكْمِهِمْ شَاهِدِينَ ) يقول: وكنا لحكم داود وسليمان والقوم الذين حكما بينهم فيما أفسدت غنم أهل الغنم من حرث أهل الحرث، شاهدين لا يخفى علينا منه شيء، ولا يغيب عنا علمه. ------------------------ الهوامش : (1) نفشت الماشية في الزرع : تفرقت فيه ليلا ترعاه وليس معها راع والفعل من ... .