Tafseer of The Night Journey · Al-Israa · 17:28
And if you [must] turn away from the needy awaiting mercy from your Lord which you expect, then speak to them a gentle word.
Important: The Arabic source text is always authoritative. This translation is a study aid and has not been verified by scholars — do not use it as a basis for religious proof or for deriving rulings (ahkam). When in doubt, always consult the Arabic text and a qualified scholar.
Allah the Exalted says: When you, O Muḥammad, turn your face away from those whom We commanded you to give their rights — when you find the means to it — while they ask you, because you cannot find the means to it, out of shame before them and compassion for them, ابْتِغَاءَ رَحْمَةٍ مِنْ رَبِّكَ — that is to say: awaiting provision that you await from your Lord and hope that Allah will make it attainable for you — then do not disappoint them, but speak to them an easy word: that is to say, promise them a fine promise by saying: 'Allah will provide and I will give you' and similar gentle, not harsh, words. As He, exalted be His praise, said: وَأَمَّا السَّائِلَ فَلَا تَنْهَرْ .
Thus the commentators also said what we said.
Those who said this are the following:
Muḥammad ibn Bashshār related to us — he said: ʿAbd al-Raḥmān related to us, on the authority of Sufyān, on the authority of Manṣūr, on the authority of Ibrāhīm — وَإِمَّا تُعْرِضَنَّ عَنْهُمُ ابْتِغَاءَ رَحْمَةٍ مِنْ رَبِّكَ تَرْجُوهَا : 'Awaiting the provision.' فَقُلْ لَهُمْ قَوْلًا مَيْسُورًا : 'Gentle, a promise to them.'
Al-Qāsim related to us — he said: al-Ḥusayn related to us, he said: Ḥajjāj informed me, on the authority of Ibn Jurayj, on the authority of ʿAṭāʾ al-Khurāsānī, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās — ابْتِغَاءَ رَحْمَةٍ مِنْ رَبِّكَ : 'Provision.' أَهُمْ يَقْسِمُونَ رَحْمَةَ رَبِّكَ نَحْنُ قَسَمْنَا بَيْنَهُمْ مَعِيشَتَهُمْ .'
ʿImrān ibn Mūsā related to us — he said: ʿAbd al-Wārith related to us, he said: ʿUmāra related to us, on the authority of ʿIkrima — concerning His word وَإِمَّا تُعْرِضَنَّ عَنْهُمُ ابْتِغَاءَ رَحْمَةٍ مِنْ رَبِّكَ تَرْجُوهَا : 'Awaiting provision from Allah that reaches you.'
Al-Qāsim related to us — he said: al-Ḥusayn related to us, he said: Ḥajjāj informed me, on the authority of Ibn Jurayj, on the authority of ʿIkrima — concerning His word وَإِمَّا تُعْرِضَنَّ عَنْهُمُ ابْتِغَاءَ رَحْمَةٍ مِنْ رَبِّكَ تَرْجُوهَا : 'If they asked you and you had nothing to give them, awaiting mercy' — he said: 'provision that you await and hope for' — فَقُلْ لَهُمْ قَوْلًا مَيْسُورًا — 'Promise them a good promise: when this reaches us, we will act, we will give you — that is the easy word (al-qawl al-maysūr).'
Ibn Jurayj said: Mujāhid said: 'If they asked you and you had nothing to give them, and you turned away from them awaiting mercy' — he said: 'provision that you await' — فَقُلْ لَهُمْ قَوْلًا مَيْسُورًا .'
Muḥammad ibn ʿAmr related to me — he said: Abū ʿĀṣim related to us, he said: ʿĪsā related to us; and al-Ḥārith related to me — he said: al-Ḥasan related to us, he said: Warqāʾ related to us; both on the authority of Ibn Abī Najīḥ, on the authority of Mujāhid — concerning the word of Allah: ابْتِغَاءَ رَحْمَةٍ مِنْ رَبِّكَ : 'Awaiting the provision of Allah.'
Ibn Bashshār related to us — he said: Yaḥyā related to us, he said: Sufyān related to us, on the authority of al-Aʿmash, on the authority of Abū al-Ḍuḥā, on the authority of ʿUbayda — concerning His word ابْتِغَاءَ رَحْمَةٍ مِنْ رَبِّكَ تَرْجُوهَا : 'The seeking of the provision (ibtighāʾ al-rizq).'
Ibn Ḥumayd related to us — he said: Ḥakkām related to us, on the authority of ʿAmr, on the authority of ʿAṭāʾ, on the authority of Saʿīd — وَإِمَّا تُعْرِضَنَّ عَنْهُمُ ابْتِغَاءَ رَحْمَةٍ مِنْ رَبِّكَ تَرْجُوهَا : 'That is to say: provision that you await.' فَقُلْ لَهُمْ قَوْلًا مَيْسُورًا — 'That is to say: fitting.'
Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Aʿlā related to us — he said: Muḥammad ibn Thawr related to us, on the authority of Maʿmar, on the authority of Qatāda — فَقُلْ لَهُمْ قَوْلًا مَيْسُورًا : 'Promise them good.' Al-Ḥasan said: 'Speak to them a gentle and easy word.'
It was related to me — through al-Ḥusayn ibn al-Faraj, he said: I heard Abū Muʿādh say: ʿUbayd ibn Sulaymān related to us, he said: I heard al-Ḍaḥḥāk say — concerning His word وَإِمَّا تُعْرِضَنَّ عَنْهُمُ : 'That is to say: we find nothing to give them.' ابْتِغَاءَ رَحْمَةٍ مِنْ رَبِّكَ — 'That is to say: awaiting provision from your Lord' — revealed concerning the poor people who asked the Prophet ﷺ.
Muḥammad ibn al-Muthannā related to us — he said: Ḥarmī ibn ʿUmāra informed me, he said: Shuʿba related to us, he said: ʿUmāra informed me, on the authority of ʿIkrima — concerning the word of Allah فَقُلْ لَهُمْ قَوْلًا مَيْسُورًا : 'Kindness (al-rifq).'
Ibn Zayd used to say concerning this what Yūnus related to me — he said: Ibn Wahb informed us, he said: Ibn Zayd said — concerning His word وَإِمَّا تُعْرِضَنَّ عَنْهُمُ — 'From these people concerning whom We gave you recommendations' — ابْتِغَاءَ رَحْمَةٍ مِنْ رَبِّكَ تَرْجُوهَا — 'When you fear that, if you give them, they will draw strength thereby for acts of disobedience to Allah and seek help thereby for that, and you deem it better to withhold something from them' — 'then, when they ask you فَقُلْ لَهُمْ قَوْلًا مَيْسُورًا — a fine word: Allah will provide for you, may Allah bless you.'
This opinion of Ibn Zayd which we mentioned — despite its divergence from the statements of the commentators in interpreting this verse — is far removed from the meaning to which the outward text points. For Allah, exalted be He, said to His Prophet ﷺ: وَإِمَّا تُعْرِضَنَّ عَنْهُمُ ابْتِغَاءَ رَحْمَةٍ مِنْ رَبِّكَ تَرْجُوهَا and then commanded him to speak قَوْلًا مَيْسُورًا . That turning away in expectation of mercy from Him which he hopes for from his Lord cannot fall outside of two cases: either it is a turning away from him in expectation of mercy from Allah which he hopes for himself — then the meaning of the text is as we said and as the commentators whose opinion we mentioned said, contrary to his opinion — or it is a turning away from him in expectation of mercy from Allah which he hopes for the petitioners whom, according to his claim, the Prophet ﷺ was commanded to withhold from them what they asked, out of fear that they would spend it in acts of disobedience to Allah. But it is known that Allah's wrath against the one who cannot be trusted not to spend the money given in acts of disobedience to Allah, in order to strengthen thereby disobedience to Allah's obedience, is more to be feared than the hope of His mercy for him; for the mercy of Allah is hoped for the people of His obedience, not for the people of His disobedience — unless he meant to interpret it in such a way that the Prophet ﷺ was commanded to withhold from them what they asked so that they would turn back from acts of disobedience to Allah and repent through his refusal to give them; then that would be an angle that the interpretation of the verse bears, even though it diverges from the statements of the commentators.