Tafseer of The Bee · An-Nahl · 16:66
And indeed, for you in grazing livestock is a lesson. We give you drink from what is in their bellies - between excretion and blood - pure milk, palatable to drinkers.
Important: The Arabic source text is always authoritative. This translation is a study aid and has not been verified by scholars — do not use it as a basis for religious proof or for deriving rulings (ahkam). When in doubt, always consult the Arabic text and a qualified scholar.
The Exalted, whose praise is sublime, says: And truly, in the cattle (al-anʿām) there is a lesson for you, O people: We give you to drink of that which is in their bellies.
The Qurʾān-reciters differed over the reading of His word (nusqīkum). Most of the people of Mecca, Iraq, Kūfa, and Baṣra — with the exception of ʿĀṣim —, and of the people of Medina Abū Jaʿfar, read (nusqīkum) with a ḍamma on the nūn, in the sense: that He gave them a lasting drink to drink. Al-Kisāʾī used to say: the Arabs say "asqaynāhum nahran" (We gave them a river to drink) and "asqaynāhum labanan" (We gave them milk to drink) when one makes of it a lasting drink; but when they mean that they gave him a single draught, they say "saqaynāhum" — so we say "nasqīhim" without the alif. This was read by the majority of the reciters of Medina — with the exception of Abū Jaʿfar — and of the people of Iraq ʿĀṣim (nasqīkum) with a fatḥa on the nūn, derived from "saqāhu Allāh" (Allah gave him to drink), of which one says "yasqīhi." The Arabs sometimes add the alif for that which concerns a non-lasting drinking (saqy) and omit it for that which is lasting, even though the better known of the two usages among them is the one al-Kisāʾī has mentioned. An indication of what we have said is the word of Labīd in his description of a cloud:
"He gave my people, the Banū Majd, to drink (saqā), and gave Numayr and the tribes of Hilāl to drink (asqā)."
Thus he combined both usages in one and the same meaning. If that is so, then with whichever of the two readings the reciter recites, he has hit upon what is correct. However, the more pleasing to me of the two readings is the reading with the ḍamma on the nūn, for the reason I have mentioned: that the more current of the two usages among the Arabs, concerning what is lasting of drinking, is "asqā" with the alif, that is "yusqī"; and what Allah gives His servants to drink from the bellies of the cattle is for them lasting and not cut off from them.
As for His word (mimmā fī buṭūnihi) (of what is in its belly) — while He has before this named the cattle (al-anʿām), which is a plural, and the hāʾ in "al-buṭūn" is singular —: the people of Arabic linguistics have differing statements about this. Some grammarians of Kūfa said: "al-naʿam" and "al-anʿām" are one and the same, for both are plurals; therefore he directed the expression in His word (mimmā fī buṭūnihi) toward the masculine, thereby intending the meaning of "al-naʿam," since that takes the place of "al-anʿām." He adduces as proof for his statement the rajaz verses of a bedouin:
"When you see stars of the Lion (al-Asad), its forehead (jabhatuhu), or the Kharāt and the Katid, Suhayl has urinated into the fuḍaykh-drink, so that it spoiled, and the milk of the milch-camels has become good and cold."
And he says: with his word "fa-barad" (so that it became cold) he returns to the meaning of "al-laban" (the milk), because "al-laban" and "al-albān" may stand in one and the same meaning. And among the making of "al-naʿam" masculine is the word of another:
"Every year again there is cattle (naʿam) that you gather; people have it bred and you bring it into the world."
Thus he made "al-naʿam" masculine. Another among them said: He said merely (mimmā fī buṭūnihi) because he meant: of what is in the bellies of that which we have named. And he cites for this a rajaz verse of someone:
"Like the young of him whose crop has been plucked out."
And the word of al-Aswad ibn Yaʿfur:
"Truly, death (al-maniyya) and the doom-fates (al-ḥutūf), both of them (kilāhumā), fill the mountain passes and spy upon my form."
He said "kilāhumā" (both, masculine) and did not say "kiltāhumā" (both, feminine). And the word of al-Ṣalatān al-ʿAbdī:
"Truly, generosity and manly virtue have both been laid to rest (ḍumminā) in a grave at Marw, upon the clear road."
And the word of another:
"And ʿAfrāʾ is to the people the nearest to me in affection, and ʿAfrāʾ is, of me, the one who turns away, the one who lingers (al-muʿriḍ al-mutawānī)."
He did not say "al-muʿriḍa al-mutawāniya" (in the feminine form). And the word of another:
"When people were still people and the lands were in prosperity, and when Umm ʿAmmār was a helpful friend (ṣadīq musāʿif)."
And he says: all of this is in the meaning of "this thing" (hādhā al-shayʾ), "this person" (hādhā al-shakhṣ), "the form" (al-sawād), and what resembles that. And he says: to this belongs the word of Allah, whose praise is sublime: فَلَمَّا رَأَى الشَّمْسَ بَازِغَةً قَالَ هَذَا رَبِّي ("When he saw the sun rising, he said: This is my Lord") (6:78) — in the sense: this rising thing. And His word: كَلا إِنَّهَا تَذْكِرَةٌ * فَمَنْ شَاءَ ذَكَرَهُ ("Nay, it is a reminder; and whoever wills, remembers it (dhakarahu)") (74:54-55) — He did not say "dhakarahā" (feminine), because the meaning is: and whoever wills, remembers this thing. And His word: وَإِنِّي مُرْسِلَةٌ إِلَيْهِمْ بِهَدِيَّةٍ فَنَاظِرَةٌ بِمَ يَرْجِعُ الْمُرْسَلُونَ * فَلَمَّا جَاءَ سُلَيْمَانَ ("And truly, I shall send them a gift and await with what the envoys return. Then when it came (jāʾa) to Sulaymān...") (27:35-36) — He did not say "jāʾat" (in the feminine form).
And one of the scholars of Baṣra said: It was said (mimmā fī buṭūnihi) because the meaning is: We give you to drink from whatever head of cattle has [milk] in its belly. And he says: in this "al-laban" (the milk) is left unexpressed, that is, that He gives to drink from whichever of them has milk, and that is because they do not all have milk; one gives to drink only from those that carry milk. The first two statements are of better issue according to the language of the Arabs than this third statement.
And His word (min bayni farthin wa-damin labanan khāliṣan) (from between intestinal contents and blood, pure milk) says: We give you to drink milk that We bring forth for you from between intestinal contents and blood, pure — He says: pure from any mixture with the blood and the intestinal contents, so that these do not mingle with it — (sāʾighan li-l-shāribīna) (sliding down easily for the drinkers) — He says: it slides down easily for whoever drinks it, so that he does not choke on it, as someone chokes on certain foods that he eats. And it has been said: never has anyone choked on milk.