Tafseer of The Bee · An-Nahl · 16:43
And We sent not before you except men to whom We revealed [Our message]. So ask the people of the message if you do not know.
Important: The Arabic source text is always authoritative. This translation is a study aid and has not been verified by scholars — do not use it as a basis for religious proof or for deriving rulings (ahkam). When in doubt, always consult the Arabic text and a qualified scholar.
Allah the Exalted says to His Prophet Muḥammad ﷺ: We sent before you, O Muḥammad, to no people — to call them to Our oneness and to the observance of Our command and prohibition — any messengers other than men from among the children of Adam, to whom We revealed Our revelation, not angels. He says: We sent, then, to your people only the same kind as We sent to the peoples before them — humans of their own sort, upon the same path. فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ — He says to the polytheists of Quraysh: if you do not know that those whom We sent before you to the peoples were men from among the children of Adam, like Muḥammad ﷺ, and you claim that they are angels — that is to say: if you suppose that Allah addressed them directly — then ask the people of the Reminder of Scripture; and they are those who read the Books before them: the Torah, the Gospel, and the other Scriptures of Allah that He revealed to His servants.
In accordance with what we have said concerning this, the exegetes of the Scripture also spoke.
Mention of who said this:
Ibn Wakīʿ related to us; he said: al-Muḥāribī related to us, on the authority of Layth, on the authority of Mujāhid: فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ — he said: "the people of the Torah."
Ibn Wakīʿ related to us; he said: al-Muḥāribī related to us, on the authority of Sufyān, who said: "I asked al-Aʿmash about His word فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ — he said: We heard that they are those who embraced Islam from among the people of the Torah and the Gospel."
Al-Qāsim related to us; he said: al-Ḥusayn related to us; he said: Ḥajjāj related to me, on the authority of Ibn Jurayj, on the authority of Mujāhid, concerning His word وَمَا أَرْسَلْنَا مِنْ قَبْلِكَ إِلا رِجَالا نُوحِي إِلَيْهِمْ فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ لا تَعْلَمُونَ: he said: "They are the people of the Book of Scripture."
Abū Kurayb related to us; he said: ʿUbaydullāh related to us, on the authority of Isrāʾīl, on the authority of Abū Yaḥyā, on the authority of Mujāhid, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās: فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ لا تَعْلَمُونَ — he said: "He said to the polytheists of Quraysh: Muḥammad is mentioned in the Torah and the Gospel."
Abū Kurayb related to us; he said: ʿUthmān ibn Saʿīd related to us; he said: Bishr ibn ʿUmāra related to us, on the authority of Abū Rawq, on the authority of al-Ḍaḥḥāk, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās, who said: "When Allah sent Muḥammad as a messenger, the Arabs denied this — or those among them who denied — and said: Allah is too exalted for His messenger to be a human being like Muḥammad. Upon this Allah revealed: أَكَانَ لِلنَّاسِ عَجَبًا أَنْ أَوْحَيْنَا إِلَى رَجُلٍ مِنْهُمْ; and He said: وَمَا أَرْسَلْنَا مِنْ قَبْلِكَ إِلا رِجَالا نُوحِي إِلَيْهِمْ فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ لا تَعْلَمُونَ * بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ وَالزُّبُرِ. So ask the people of the Reminder of Scripture — that is to say: the people of the former Scriptures — were the messengers who came to you human beings or angels? If they were angels, you may deny them; but if they were human beings, then do not deny that Muḥammad is a messenger. He said: thereafter He said: وَمَا أَرْسَلْنَا مِنْ قَبْلِكَ إِلا رِجَالا نُوحِي إِلَيْهِمْ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْقُرَى — that is to say: they are not from heaven, as you claimed."
Others said concerning this — thus Ibn Wakīʿ related to us; he said: Ibn Yamān related to us, on the authority of Isrāʾīl, on the authority of Jābir, on the authority of Abū Jaʿfar: فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ لا تَعْلَمُونَ — he said: "We are the people of the Reminder of Scripture."
Yūnus related to me; he said: Ibn Wahb informed us; he said: Ibn Zayd said, concerning His word فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ لا تَعْلَمُونَ: he said: "The Reminder of Scripture (al-dhikr) is the Qurʾān." And he recited: إِنَّا نَحْنُ نَـزَّلْنَا الذِّكْرَ وَإِنَّا لَهُ لَحَافِظُونَ, and recited: إِنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا بِالذِّكْرِ لَمَّا جَاءَهُمْ ... the āyah.