Tafseer of Joseph · Yusuf · 12:79
He said, "[I seek] the refuge of Allah [to prevent] that we take except him with whom we found our possession. Indeed, we would then be unjust."
Important: The Arabic source text is always authoritative. This translation is a study aid and has not been verified by scholars — do not use it as a basis for religious proof or for deriving rulings (ahkam). When in doubt, always consult the Arabic text and a qualified scholar.
The explanation of the words of Allah the Exalted: قَالَ مَعَاذَ اللَّهِ أَنْ نَأْخُذَ إِلا مَنْ وَجَدْنَا مَتَاعَنَا عِنْدَهُ إِنَّا إِذًا لَظَالِمُونَ (79)
Abū Jaʿfar said: Allah the Exalted says: Yūsuf said to his brothers: مَعَاذَ اللَّهِ — I take refuge in Allah.
This is the practice of the Arabs with every verbal noun (maṣdar) which they put in place of "yafʿalu" (he does) or "tafʿalu" (you do): they then put it in the accusative case (the fourth case), as they say: "ḥamdan li-llāh wa-shukran lah" — with the meaning: I praise Allah and I thank Him.
For this the Arabs say: "maʿādha llāh" and also "maʿādhata llāh" — with the feminine tāʾ added to it — as they also say: "mā aḥsana maʿnāta hādhā l-kalām" (how good is the meaning of this word); and also "ʿawdhu llāh" and "ʿawdhatu llāh" and "ʿiyādhu llāh." And they say: "Allāhumma ʿāʾidhan bika" — as if it were said: "I take refuge in You as one who takes refuge" or: "I implore You as one who takes refuge."
أَنْ نَأْخُذَ إِلا مَنْ وَجَدْنَا مَتَاعَنَا عِنْدَهُ — that is to say: I seek protection with Allah against our taking an innocent one in place of a guilty one. Thus:
19615 — Ibn Ḥumayd related to us, saying: Salama related to us, on the authority of Ibn Isḥāq: قَالَ مَعَاذَ اللَّهِ أَنْ نَأْخُذَ إِلا مَنْ وَجَدْنَا مَتَاعَنَا عِنْدَهُ إِنَّا إِذًا لَظَالِمُونَ — that is to say: if we take others than the one with whom we have found our property, then we do something that does not belong to us and we wrong the people.
19616 — Ibn Wakīʿ related to us, saying: ʿAmr related to us, on the authority of Asbāṭ, on the authority of al-Suddī: قَالُوا يَا أَيُّهَا الْعَزِيزُ إِنَّ لَهُ أَبًا شَيْخًا كَبِيرًا فَخُذْ أَحَدَنَا مَكَانَهُ إِنَّا نَرَاكَ مِنَ الْمُحْسِنِينَ * قَالَ مَعَاذَ اللَّهِ أَنْ نَأْخُذَ إِلا مَنْ وَجَدْنَا مَتَاعَنَا عِنْدَهُ إِنَّا إِذًا لَظَالِمُونَ — Yūsuf said: "When you come to your father, convey my greetings to him and say to him: the king of Egypt prays for you that you do not die before you see your son Yūsuf again — so that he may know that in the land of Egypt there are righteous men like himself."
Note: See the explanation of "ʿādha" earlier (p. 32, note 1 and the references there).