Tabari

Tafseer of The Resurrection · Al-Qiyaama · 75:4

بَلَىٰ قَٰدِرِينَ عَلَىٰٓ أَن نُّسَوِّىَ بَنَانَهُۥ

Yes. [We are] Able [even] to proportion his fingertips.

Important: The Arabic source text is always authoritative. This translation is a study aid and has not been verified by scholars — do not use it as a basis for religious proof or for deriving rulings (ahkam). When in doubt, always consult the Arabic text and a qualified scholar.

Tabari (1 passage)

  1. Full Dutch translation of Tabari's text

    Ibn Ḥumayd related to us, saying: Jarīr related to us, on the authority of Mughīra, on the authority of Abū al-Khayr ibn Tamīm, on the authority of Saʿīd ibn Jubayr, who said: Ibn ʿAbbās said to me: "Ask." I said: ( أَيَحْسَبُ الإنْسَانُ أَلَّنْ نَجْمَعَ عِظَامَهُ بَلَى قَادِرِينَ عَلَى أَنْ نُسَوِّيَ بَنَانَهُ ) "Does man think that We shall not gather his bones? Yes indeed, We are able even to restore his fingertips." He said: had He willed, He could have made it into a hoof or a claw.

    Muḥammad ibn Saʿd related to me, saying: my father related to me, saying: my uncle related to me, saying: my father related to me, on the authority of his father, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās, concerning His word: ( بَلَى قَادِرِينَ عَلَى أَنْ نُسَوِّيَ بَنَانَهُ ) he said: I am able to make his palm into a single whole, like the hoof of the camel.

    Abū Kurayb related to us, saying: Ibn ʿAṭiyya related to us, on the authority of Isrāʾīl, on the authority of Mughīra, on the authority of someone who told it to him, on the authority of Saʿīd ibn Jubayr, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās: ( قَادِرِينَ عَلَى أَنْ نُسَوِّيَ بَنَانَهُ ) he said: We make it into a hoof or a claw.

    He said: Wakīʿ related to us, on the authority of al-Naḍr, on the authority of ʿIkrima: ( عَلَى أَنْ نُسَوِّيَ بَنَانَهُ ) he said: that We make it into something like the hoof of the camel or the claw of the donkey.

    Yaʿqūb related to me, saying: Ibn ʿUlayya related to us, on the authority of Abū Rajāʾ, on the authority of al-Ḥasan, concerning His word: ( بَلَى قَادِرِينَ عَلَى أَنْ نُسَوِّيَ بَنَانَهُ ) he said: He made it into a hand, and He made from it fingers which he closes and stretches; and had He willed, He would have made them into a single whole, so that you would have to protect yourself against the earth with your mouth. But He created you in a comely form. Abū Rajāʾ said: and ʿIkrima was questioned, whereupon he said: had He willed, He would have made it like the hoof of the camel.

    Muḥammad ibn ʿAmr related to me, saying: Abū ʿĀṣim related to us, saying: ʿĪsā related to us; and al-Ḥārith related to me, saying: al-Ḥasan related to us, saying: Warqāʾ related to us — both on the authority of Ibn Abī Najīḥ, on the authority of Mujāhid, concerning His word: ( عَلَى أَنْ نُسَوِّيَ بَنَانَهُ ) his feet, he said: like the hoof of the camel, so that he could do nothing with them.

    Bishr related to us, saying: Yazīd related to us, saying: Saʿīd related to us, on the authority of Qatāda, concerning His word: ( بَلَى قَادِرِينَ عَلَى أَنْ نُسَوِّيَ بَنَانَهُ ) He is, by Allah, able to make his fingertips into something like the claw of the riding-beast or the hoof of the camel; and had He willed, He would have made it so, so that he could pick up his food only with his mouth.

    Ibn ʿAbd al-Aʿlā related to us, saying: Ibn Thawr related to us, on the authority of Maʿmar, on the authority of Qatāda, concerning His word: ( عَلَى أَنْ نُسَوِّيَ بَنَانَهُ ) he said: had He willed, He would have made his fingertips like the hoof of the camel or the claw of the riding-beast.

    It was related to me on the authority of al-Ḥusayn, saying: I heard Abū Muʿādh say: ʿUbayd related to us, saying: I heard al-Ḍaḥḥāk say concerning His word: ( عَلَى أَنْ نُسَوِّيَ بَنَانَهُ ) he said: the banān are the fingers; he says: We are able to make his fingertips like the hoof of the camel.

    The grammarians differed over the reason for the accusative ending of ( قَادِرِينَ ). Some of them said: it stands in the accusative because it takes the place of a verb (nafʿal, "We do"), and when it was reduced to an active participle (fāʿil), it took the accusative. They said: the meaning of the words is: does man think that We shall not gather his bones? Yes indeed, We are able (naqdir) to restore his fingertips; then naqdir was transformed into qādirīn. And some grammarians of Kūfa said: it stands in the accusative as a ḥāl (circumstantial qualifier, khurūj) from najmaʿ, as though it were said in the words: does he think that We cannot prevail over him? Yes indeed, able to prevail over something stronger than you — he means: yes indeed, We can prevail, powerful to do more than this. And he said: the common saying of the people is "balā naqdir" (yes indeed, We are able); when it was transformed into qādirīn, it took the accusative, and that is an error, for the verb is not put into the accusative by transforming it from yafʿal into fāʿil. Do you not see that you say: "a-taqūmu ilaynā" (do you stand up toward us)? When you transform it into an active participle, you say: "a-qāʾimun" (are you standing), and it would be an error to say "qāʾiman" (in the accusative). He said: and they used to cite as proof the word of al-Farazdaq:

    ʿalayya qasamun lā ashtumu al-dahra musliman ("Upon me rests an oath: I shall never revile a Muslim,")

    wa-lā khārijan min fiyya zūru kalāmi ("nor shall false speech come out of my mouth.")

    They said: he meant only: I shall not revile, and there shall not come out; but when he transformed it into khārij (active participle), he put it into the accusative. And it stands in the accusative only because he meant: I have given my Lord a covenant that I shall revile no one (lā shātiman aḥadan), and that no false speech shall come out of my mouth (lā khārijan min fiyya zūru kalāmi); and his word "lā ashtum" stands in the position of the accusative. And some grammarians of Basra said: it stands in the accusative because of najmaʿ, that is to say: no, We gather them, able to restore his fingertips. And this second statement is closer to correctness according to the doctrine of the grammarians.

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    Footnotes:

    (6) The verse is by al-Farazdaq (Dīwān 769, Ṣāwī edition), from a poem he recited in al-Mirbad. One also reads "ʿalayya ḥilfatun" ("upon me rests an oath-vow") instead of "ʿalayya qasamun." Al-Farrāʾ cited it in Maʿānī al-Qurʾān (349) at His word بلى قادرين . He said: and His word بلى قادرين stands in the accusative as a ḥāl (khurūj) from najmaʿ, as though you said in the words: do you think that We cannot prevail over you? Yes indeed, able to prevail over you — he means: yes indeed, We can prevail, powerful. Yes indeed, We can prevail, powerful to do more than this. He said: and were it to stand in the nominative as a new sentence, as though He said: yes indeed, We are able to do more than this, that would be correct. And the common saying of the people is "balā naqdir"; when it was transformed into qādirīn, it took the accusative, and that is an error, for the verb is not put into the accusative by transforming it from yafʿal into fāʿil. Do you not see that you say: "a-taqūmu ilaynā?" When you transform it into an active participle, you say: "a-qāʾiman ilaynā?" and it would be an error to say "a-qāma ilaynā?" And they used to cite as proof the word of al-Farazdaq: "ʿalayya qasamun..." — the verse. They said: he meant only: I shall not revile, and there shall not come out; but when he transformed it into yakhruj, he put it into the accusative. And it stands in the accusative only because he meant: I have given my Lord a covenant that I shall revile no one, and that no false speech shall come out of my mouth. End of citation.

    Show original Arabic
    حدثنا ابن حميد، قال: ثنا جرير، عن مغيرة، عن أبي الخير بن تميم، عن سعيد بن جُبير، قال: قال لي ابن عباس: سل، فقلت: ( أَيَحْسَبُ الإنْسَانُ أَلَّنْ نَجْمَعَ عِظَامَهُ بَلَى قَادِرِينَ عَلَى أَنْ نُسَوِّيَ بَنَانَهُ) قال: لو شاء لجعله خفا أو حافرا. حدثني محمد بن سعد، قال: ثني أبي، قال: ثني عمي، قال: ثني أبي، عن أبيه، عن ابن عباس، قوله: ( بَلَى قَادِرِينَ عَلَى أَنْ نُسَوِّيَ بَنَانَهُ ) قال: أنا قادر على أن أجعل كفه مجمرة مثل خفّ البعير. حدثنا أبو كريب، قال: ثنا ابن عطية، عن إسرائيل، عن مغيرة، عمن حدثه عن سعيد بن جُبير عن ابن عباس ( قَادِرِينَ عَلَى أَنْ نُسَوِّيَ بَنَانَهُ ) قال: نجعله خفا أو حافرا. قال: ثنا وكيع، عن النضر، عن عكرِمة ( عَلَى أَنْ نُسَوِّيَ بَنَانَهُ ) قال: على أن نجعله مثل خفّ البعير، أو حافر الحمار. حدثني يعقوب، قال: ثنا ابن علية، عن أبي رجاء، عن الحسن، في قوله: ( بَلَى قَادِرِينَ عَلَى أَنْ نُسَوِّيَ بَنَانَهُ ) قال: جعلها يدا، وجعلها أصابع يقبضهنّ ويبسطهنّ، ولو شاء لجمعهنّ، فاتقيت الأرض بفيك، ولكن سوّاك خلقا حسنا. قال أبو رجاء: وسُئل عكرِمة فقال: لو شاء لجعلها كخفّ البعير. حدثني محمد بن عمرو، قال: ثنا أبو عاصم، قال: ثنا عيسى، وحدثني الحارث، قال: ثنا الحسن، قال: ثنا ورقاء، جميعا عن ابن أبي نجيح، عن مجاهد، قوله: ( عَلَى أَنْ نُسَوِّيَ بَنَانَهُ ) رجليه، قال: كخفّ البعير فلا يعمل بهما شيئا. حدثنا بشر، قال: ثنا يزيد، قال: ثنا سعيد، عن قتادة، قوله: ( بَلَى قَادِرِينَ عَلَى أَنْ نُسَوِّيَ بَنَانَهُ ) قادر والله على أن يجعل بنانه كحافر الدابة، أو كخفّ البعير، ولو شاء لجعله كذلك، فإنما ينقي طعامه بفيه. حدثنا ابن عبد الأعلى، قال: ثنا ابن ثور، عن معمر، عن قتادة، في قوله: ( عَلَى أَنْ نُسَوِّيَ بَنَانَهُ ) قال: لو شاء جعل بنانه مثل خفّ البعير، أو حافر الدابة. حُدثت عن الحسين، قال: سمعت أبا معاذ يقول: ثنا عبيد، قال: سمعت الضحاك يقول في قوله: ( عَلَى أَنْ نُسَوِّيَ بَنَانَهُ ) قال: البنان: الأصابع، يقول: نحن قادرون على أن نجعل بنانه مثل خفّ البعير. واختلف أهل العربية في وجه نصب ( قَادِرِينَ ) فقال بعضهم: نصب لأنه واقع موقع نفعل، فلما ردّ إلى فاعل نصب، وقالوا: معنى الكلام: أيحسب الإنسان أن لن نجمع عظامه بلى نقدر على أن نسوّي بنانه ; ثم صرف نقدر إلى قادرين. وكان بعض نحويِّي الكوفة يقول: نصب على الخروج من نجمع، كأنه قيل في الكلام: أيحسب أن لن نقوَى عليه ؟ بل قادرين على أقوى منك. يريد: بلى نقوى مقتدرين على أكثر من ذا. وقال: قول الناس بلى نقدر، فلما صرفت إلى قادرين نصبت خطأ، لأن الفعل لا ينصب بتحويله من يفعل إلى فاعل. ألا ترى أنك تقول: أتقوم إلينا، فإن حوّلتها إلى فاعل قلت: أقائم، وكان خطأ أن تقول قائما; قال: وقد كانوا يحتجون بقول الفرزدق: عَـليَّ قَسَـم لا أشْـتُمُ الدَّهْـرَ مُسْـلِما وَلا خارِجــا مِـنْ فِـيَّ زُورُ كَـلام (6) فقالوا: إنما أراد: لا أشتم ولا يخرج، فلما صرفها إلى خارج نصبها، وإنما نصب لأنه أراد: عاهدت ربي لا شاتما أحدا، ولا خارجا من فيّ زور كلام ; وقوله: لا أشتم، في موضع نصب. وكان بعض نحويِّي البصرة يقول: نصب على نجمع، أي بل نجمعها قادرين على أن نسوّي بنانه، وهذا القول الثاني أشبه بالصحة على مذهب أهل العربية. ---------------- الهوامش : (6) البيت للفرزدق ( ديوانه 769 طبع الصاوي ) من قصيدة قالها في المربد، ويروى: " علي حلفة " في موضع " علي قسم ". وقد أنشده الفراء في معاني القرآن ( 349 ) عند قوله تعالى: { بلى قادرين } قال: وقوله: { بلى قادرين } نصبت على الخروج من نجمع، كأنك قلت في الكلام: أتحسب أن لن نقوى عليك، بلى قادرين على إقوامك، يريد: بلى نقوى قادرين، بلى نقوى مقتدرين على أكثر من ذا. قال: ولو كانت رفعا على الاستئناف، كأنه قال: بلى نحن قادرين على أكثر من ذا، كان صوابا، وقول الناس: بلى نقدر، فلما صرفت إلى قادرين نصبت خطأ؛ لأن الفعل لا ينصب بتحويله من يفعل إلى فاعل ألا ترى أنك تقول: أتقوم إلينا؟، فإن حولتها إلى فاعل، قلت: أقائمًا إلينا؟ وكان خطأ أن تقول: أقام إلينا؟ وقد كانوا يحتجون بقول الفرزدق: " علي قسم ... " البيت فقالوا: إنما أراد: لا أشتم ولا يخرج، فلما صرفها إلى يخرج نصبها وإنما نصب لأنه أراد: عاهدت ربي لا شاتما أحدا، ولا خارجا من في زور كلام. ا هـ .