Tabari (1 passage)

1. Full Dutch translation of Tabari's text

   He said: وَأَمَّا عَادٌ فَأُهْلِكُوا بِرِيحٍ صَرْصَرٍ عَاتِيَةٍ ("And as for ʿĀd, they were destroyed by a roaring, furious wind"). If the report concerning Thamūd had pertained to the cause by which they were destroyed, then the report concerning ʿĀd would likewise be in the same manner, since it stands in one and the same connection. And in the fact that He follows it with the report concerning ʿĀd — that their destruction was by the wind — lies the clear proof that His report concerning Thamūd is exactly as I have set forth.

   His statement: وَأَمَّا عَادٌ فَأُهْلِكُوا بِرِيحٍ صَرْصَرٍ عَاتِيَةٍ . He, exalted is His mention, says: and as for ʿĀd, the people of Hūd, Allah destroyed them by a roaring wind (rīḥ ṣarṣar), that is, an intensely howling [wind], together with the severity of its cold; عَاتِيَةٍ ("furious"), He says: it was rebellious against its keepers in blowing, so that in its severity and howling it exceeded its known measure in blowing and in cold.

   And in line with what we have said about this, the scholars of exegesis spoke.

   * Mention of who said that:

   Mohammed ibn Saʿd related to me, saying: my father related to me, saying: my uncle related to me, saying: my father related to me, on the authority of his father, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās, concerning His statement: وَأَمَّا عَادٌ فَأُهْلِكُوا بِرِيحٍ صَرْصَرٍ عَاتِيَةٍ , he says: by a destroying, cold wind, which was rebellious over them without mercy nor blessing, continuous, not abating.

   Bishr related to us, saying: Yazīd related to us, saying: Saʿīd related to us, on the authority of Qatāda, concerning وَأَمَّا عَادٌ فَأُهْلِكُوا بِرِيحٍ صَرْصَرٍ عَاتِيَةٍ , and the ṣarṣar is the cold [wind]; it was rebellious against them until it pierced their hearts.

   Ibn Ḥumayd related to us, saying: Mihrān related to us, on the authority of Sufyān, on the authority of Mūsā ibn al-Musayyab, on the authority of Shahr ibn Ḥawshab, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās, he said: "Allah never sent a wind except [it was] with a measure, nor sent down a drop except [it was] with a weight, except on the day of Nūḥ and the day of ʿĀd. For the water on the day of Nūḥ was rebellious against its keeper, so that they had no power over it." Then he recited: إِنَّا لَمَّا طَغَى الْمَاءُ حَمَلْنَاكُمْ فِي الْجَارِيَةِ ("Indeed, when the water overflowed its bounds, We carried you in the sailing ship"). "And the wind was rebellious against its keepers, so that they had no power over it." Then he recited: بِرِيحٍ صَرْصَرٍ عَاتِيَةٍ .

   Ibn Ḥumayd related to us, saying: Mihrān related to us, saying: Abū Sinān related to us, on the authority of more than one, on the authority of ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib — may Allah honor his face —, he said: "No drop of water descended except [it was] with a measure, [measured out] by the hand of an angel; and when the day of Nūḥ came, the water was [released] without the keepers, and the water overflowed its bounds over the mountains and came forth. That is the statement of Allah: إِنَّا لَمَّا طَغَى الْمَاءُ حَمَلْنَاكُمْ فِي الْجَارِيَةِ ("Indeed, when the water overflowed its bounds, We carried you in the sailing ship"). And nothing of the wind descended except [it was] with a measure, [measured out] by the hand of an angel, except on the day of ʿĀd, for then it was [released] without the keepers, and it came forth. That is the statement of Allah: بِرِيحٍ صَرْصَرٍ عَاتِيَةٍ — rebellious against the keepers."

   Yūnus related to me, saying: Ibn Wahb informed us, saying: Ibn Zayd said, concerning His statement: بِرِيحٍ صَرْصَرٍ عَاتِيَةٍ , he said: the ṣarṣar is the severe [wind], and the "ʿātiya" is the overpowering one, which was rebellious against them and overpowered them.

   Mohammed ibn ʿAmr related to me, saying: Abū ʿĀṣim related to us, saying: ʿĪsā related to us; and al-Ḥārith related to me, saying: al-Ḥasan related to us, saying: Warqāʾ related to us — both — on the authority of Ibn Abī Najīḥ, on the authority of Mujāhid, concerning His statement: صَرْصَرٍ , he said: severe.

   It was related to me on the authority of al-Ḥusayn, he said: I heard Abū Muʿādh say: ʿUbayd related to us, saying: I heard al-Ḍaḥḥāk say, concerning His statement: بِرِيحٍ صَرْصَرٍ , that is: cold, furious, rebellious against them without mercy nor blessing.

   Show original Arabic

   قال: ( وَأَمَّا عَادٌ فَأُهْلِكُوا بِرِيحٍ صَرْصَرٍ عَاتِيَةٍ ) ولو كان الخبر عن ثمود بالسبب الذي أهلكها من أجله، كان الخبر أيضا عن عاد كذلك، إذ كان ذلك في سياق واحد، وفي إتباعه ذلك بخبره عن عاد بأن هلاكها كان بالريح الدليل الواضح على أن إخباره عن ثمود إنما هو ما بينت. وقوله: ( وَأَمَّا عَادٌ فَأُهْلِكُوا بِرِيحٍ صَرْصَرٍ عَاتِيَةٍ ) يقول تعالى ذكره: وأما عاد قوم هود فأهلكهم الله بريح صرصر، وهي الشديدة العصوف، مع شدة بردها، ( عَاتِيَةٍ ) يقول: عتت على خزانها في الهبوب، فتجاوزت في الشدّة والعصوف مقدارها المعروف في الهبوب والبرد. وبنحو الذي قلنا في ذلك قال أهل التأويل. * ذكر من قال ذلك: حدثني محمد بن سعد، قال: ثني أبي، قال: ثني عمي، قال: ثني أبي، عن أبيه، عن ابن عباس، قوله: ( وَأَمَّا عَادٌ فَأُهْلِكُوا بِرِيحٍ صَرْصَرٍ عَاتِيَةٍ ) يقول: بريح مهلكة باردة، عتت عليهم بغير رحمة ولا بركة، دائمة لا تَفْتُر. حدثنا بشر، قال: ثنا يزيد، قال: ثنا سعيد، عن قتادة ( وَأَمَّا عَادٌ فَأُهْلِكُوا بِرِيحٍ صَرْصَرٍ عَاتِيَةٍ )، والصرصر: الباردة عتت عليهم حتى نقبت عن أفئدتهم. حدثنا ابن حميد، قال: ثنا مهران، عن سفيان، عن موسى بن المسيب، عن شهر بن حوشب، عن ابن عباس، قال: " ما أرسل الله من ريح قطّ إلا بمكيال ولا أنـزل قطرة قطّ إلا بمثقال، إلا يوم نوح ويوم عاد، فإن الماء يوم نوح طغى على خزانه، فلم يكن لهم عليه سبيل، ثم قرأ: إِنَّا لَمَّا طَغَى الْمَاءُ حَمَلْنَاكُمْ فِي الْجَارِيَةِ ، وإن الريح عتت على خزّانها فلم يكن لهم عليها سبيل، ثم قرأ: ( بِرِيحٍ صَرْصَرٍ عَاتِيَةٍ ). حدثنا ابن حميد، قال: ثنا مهران، قال: ثنا أبو سنان، عن غير واحد، عن عليّ بن أبي طالب كرّم الله وجهه، قال: " لم تنـزل قطرة من ماء إلا بكيل على يدي مَلك؛ فلما كان يوم نوح أذن للماء دون الخُزَّان، فطغى الماء على الجبال فخرج، فذلك قول الله: إِنَّا لَمَّا طَغَى الْمَاءُ حَمَلْنَاكُمْ فِي الْجَارِيَةِ ولم ينـزل من الريح شيء إلا بكيل على يدي مَلك إلا يوم عاد، فإنه أذن لها دون الخزّان، فخرجت، وذلك قول الله: ( بِرِيحٍ صَرْصَرٍ عَاتِيَةٍ ): عتت على الخزّان. حدثني يونس، قال: أخبرنا ابن وهب، قال، قال ابن زيد، في قوله: ( بِرِيحٍ صَرْصَرٍ عَاتِيَةٍ ) قال: الصرصر: الشديدة، والعاتية: القاهرة التي عتت عليهم فقهرتهم. حدثني محمد بن عمرو، قال: ثنا أبو عاصم، قال: ثنا عيسى؛ وحدثني الحارث، قال: ثنا الحسن، قال: ثنا ورقاء جميعا، عن ابن أبي نجيح، عن مجاهد، قوله: ( صَرْصَرٍ ) قال: شديدة. حُدثت عن الحسين، قال: سمعت أبا معاذ يقول: ثنا عبيد، قال: سمعت الضحاك يقول في قوله: ( بِرِيحٍ صَرْصَرٍ ) يعني: باردة عاتية، عتت عليهم بلا رحمة ولا بركة.