Tabari (1 passage)

1. Full Dutch translation of Tabari's text

   The Exalted, whose praise is exalted, says: and when it is said to these hypocrites, "Come to the Messenger of Allah, that he may ask forgiveness for you," they turn their heads — He says: they move them and shake them to and fro in mockery of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and of his asking forgiveness. With the doubling of the wāw in ( لَوَّوْاْ ) the reciters read it, by way of conveying about them that they repeated the shaking and moving of their heads and did so frequently, except Nāfiʿ, for he read it with lightening of the wāw ( لَوَوْا ), by way of indicating that they did that a single time.

   And the correct view concerning that is the reading of those who double the wāw, on account of the agreement of the authoritative reciters thereon.

   And His words ( وَرَأَيْتَهُمْ يَصُدُّونَ وَهُمْ مُسْتَكْبِرُونَ ) — the Exalted, whose praise is exalted, says: and you see them turning away with their faces from that to which they are called ( وَهُمْ مُسْتَكْبِرُونَ ) — He says: while they behave arrogantly with respect to going to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ that he may ask forgiveness for them. And by all these verses, according to what has been mentioned, ʿAbd Allāh ibn Ubayy ibn Salūl was meant; and that was because he said to his companions: "Spend nothing on those who are with the Messenger of Allah, until they disperse," and he said: "If we return to Medina, the mightiest therein will surely drive out the meanest." Zayd ibn Arqam heard that and reported it to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ summoned him and asked him about what was reported concerning him, but he swore that he had not said it. It was said to him (ʿAbd Allāh): "If only you went to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and asked him to ask forgiveness for you," but he began to turn his head and move it in mockery, meaning thereby that he would not do what they advised him. Then Allah, mighty and exalted is He, revealed concerning him this sūra, from beginning to end.

   And in accordance with what we have said concerning this, the exegetes have spoken and the narrations have come.

   * Mention of the narration that has come with that:

   Abū Kurayb related to us, saying: Yaḥyā ibn Ādam related to us, saying: Isrāʾīl related to us, on the authority of Abū Isḥāq, on the authority of Zayd ibn Arqam, who said: "I set out with my uncle on a military expedition, and I heard ʿAbd Allāh ibn Ubayy ibn Salūl say to his companions: 'Spend nothing on those who are with the Messenger of Allah, until they disperse; if we return to Medina, the mightiest therein will surely drive out the meanest.'" He said: "I mentioned that to my uncle, and my uncle mentioned it to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He sent for me, and I told it to him. Then he sent ʿAlī — may Allah be pleased with him — to ʿAbd Allāh and his companions, and they swore that they had not said it. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ declared me a liar and him truthful, and there overcame me a grief such as had never overcome me before. I entered the house, and my uncle said to me: 'What did you mean to achieve, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ declared you a liar and detested you?'" He said: "Until Allah, mighty and exalted is He, revealed: 'When the hypocrites come to you' (63:1)." He said: "Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent for me, and he recited it, and afterwards he said: 'Indeed Allah, mighty and exalted is He, has declared you truthful, O Zayd.'"

   Abū Kurayb and al-Qāsim ibn Bishr ibn Maʿrūf related to us, he said: Yaḥyā ibn Bukayr related to us, he said: Shuʿba related to us, al-Ḥakam said: he informed me, he said: I heard Mohammed ibn Kaʿb al-Quraẓī say: I heard Zayd ibn Arqam say: when ʿAbd Allāh ibn Ubayy ibn Salūl said what he said: "Spend nothing on those who are with the Messenger of Allah, until they disperse," and he said: "If we return to Medina" — he said: I heard it and came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and mentioned that. Then some people of the Anṣār met [him]. He said: and he (ʿAbd Allāh) came and swore that he had not said that. Then I returned to my dwelling and slept. He said: then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ came to me, or it reached me, and I came to the Prophet ﷺ. He said: "Indeed Allah, blessed and exalted is He, has declared you truthful and excused you." He said: then the verse was revealed: "They are the ones who say: 'Spend nothing on those who are with the Messenger of Allah'" ... to the end of the verse.

   Abū Kurayb related to us, he said: Hāshim Abū al-Naḍr related to us, on the authority of Shuʿba, on the authority of al-Ḥakam, he said: I heard Mohammed ibn Kaʿb al-Quraẓī, he said: I heard Zayd ibn Arqam relate this narration.

   Mohammed ibn al-Muthannā related to us, he said: Mohammed ibn Jaʿfar related to us, he said: Shuʿba related to us, on the authority of al-Ḥakam, on the authority of Mohammed ibn Kaʿb al-Quraẓī, on the authority of Zayd ibn Arqam, who said: "We were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ on a military expedition, and ʿAbd Allāh ibn Ubayy ibn Salūl said: 'If we return to Medina, the mightiest therein will surely drive out the meanest.'" He said: "Then I came to the Prophet ﷺ and conveyed it to him, but ʿAbd Allāh ibn Ubayy swore that nothing of all that had happened." He said: "Then my people rebuked me and said: 'What did you mean to achieve by this?'" He said: "Then I went away and slept dejected or grieved." He said: "Then the Prophet of Allah ﷺ sent for me, or I came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and he said: 'Indeed Allah has sent down your excuse and declared you truthful.'" He said: "And this verse was revealed: 'They are the ones who say: Spend nothing on those who are with the Messenger of Allah, until they disperse' ... until He reached: 'If we return to Medina, the mightiest therein will surely drive out the meanest.'"

   Ibn al-Muthannā related to us, he said: Ibn Abī ʿAdī related to us, he said: Ibn ʿAwn informed me, on the authority of Mohammed, he said: "Zayd ibn Arqam heard it and brought it to his guardian (walī)." He said: "Then his guardian brought it to the Prophet ﷺ." He said: "Then it was said to Zayd: 'Your ear has fulfilled its duty.'"

   Aḥmad ibn Manṣūr al-Ramādī related to us, he said: Ibrāhīm ibn al-Ḥakam ibn Abān related to us, he said: my father related to me, he said: Bashīr ibn Muslim related to me: "It was said to ʿAbd Allāh ibn Ubayy ibn Salūl: 'O Abū Ḥubāb, severe verses have been sent down concerning you, so go to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ that he may ask forgiveness for you.' Then he turned his head and said: 'You commanded me to believe, and I have believed; and you commanded me to give the zakāh of my wealth, and I have given; there remains nothing more except that I prostrate myself before Mohammed.'"

   Bishr related to us, he said: Yazīd related to us, he said: Saʿīd related to us, on the authority of Qatāda "( وَإِذَا قِيلَ لَهُمْ تَعَالَوْا يَسْتَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ لَوَّوْا ) ... the whole verse, he read it up to ( الْفَاسِقِينَ ) ('the wrongdoers'). It was revealed concerning ʿAbd Allāh ibn Ubayy; and that was because a young man from his kinsfolk went to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and told him a story about him and a grave matter. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ summoned him, and behold, he swore and declared himself free of that. And the Anṣār turned upon that young man and rebuked and censured him, and it was said to ʿAbd Allāh: 'If only you went to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.' Then he began to turn his head, that is to say: I will not do it, and a lie has been told about me. Then Allah revealed what you hear."

   Mohammed ibn ʿAmr related to me, he said: Abū ʿĀṣim related to us, he said: ʿĪsā related to us; and al-Ḥārith related to me, he said: al-Ḥasan related to us, he said: Warqāʾ related to us — both on the authority of Ibn Abī Najīḥ, on the authority of Mujāhid, concerning His words ( وَإِذَا قِيلَ لَهُمْ تَعَالَوْا يَسْتَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ لَوَّوْا رُءُوسَهُمْ ): he said: it is ʿAbd Allāh ibn Ubayy; it was said to him: "Come, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ may ask forgiveness for you," but he turned his head and said: "What have I said?"

   Ibn ʿAbd al-Aʿlā related to us, he said: Ibn Thawr related to us, on the authority of Maʿmar, on the authority of Qatāda, he said: his people said to him: "If only you went to the Prophet ﷺ, that he may ask forgiveness for you," but he began to turn his head. Then there was revealed concerning him ( وَإِذَا قِيلَ لَهُمْ تَعَالَوْا يَسْتَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ).

   Show original Arabic

   يقول تعالى ذكره: وإذا قيل لهؤلاء المنافقين تعالوا إلى رسول الله يستغفر لكم لووا رءوسهم، يقول حرّكوها وهزّوها استهزاء برسول الله صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم وباستغفاره وبتشديد الواو من ( لَوَّوْاْ ) قرأت القرّاء على وجه الخبر عنهم أنهم كرّروا هز رءوسهم وتحريكها، وأكثروا، إلا نافعًا فإنه قرأ ذلك بتخفيف الواو ( لَوَوْا ) على وجه أنهم فعلوا ذلك مرّة واحدة. والصواب من القول في ذلك قراءة من شدّد الواو لإجماع الحجة من القرّاء عليه. وقوله: ( وَرَأَيْتَهُمْ يَصُدُّونَ وَهُمْ مُسْتَكْبِرُونَ ) يقول تعالى ذكره: ورأيتهم يُعْرضون عما دُعوا إليه بوجوههم ( وَهُمْ مُسْتَكْبِرُونَ ) يقول وهم مستكبرون عن المصير إلى رسول الله صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم ليستغفر لهم، وإنما عُنِي بهذه الآيات كلها فيما ذُكر، عبدُ الله بن أُبيّ ابن سَلُول، وذلك أنه قال لأصحابه: لا تُنْفِقُوا عَلَى مَنْ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ حَتَّى يَنْفَضُّوا ، وقال: لَئِنْ رَجَعْنَا إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ لَيُخْرِجَنَّ الأَعَزُّ مِنْهَا الأَذَلَّ فسمع بذلك زيد بن أرقم، فأخبر به رسول الله صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم، فدعاه رسول الله صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم ، فسأله عما أخبر به عنه، فحلف أنه ما قاله، وقيل له: لو أتيت رسول الله صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم، فسألته أن يستغفر لك، فجعل يلوي رأسه ويحرّكه استهزاء، ويعني ذلك أنه غير فاعل ما أشاروا به عليه، فأنـزل الله عزّ وجلّ فيه هذه السورة من أوّلها إلى آخرها. وبنحو الذي قلنا في ذلك قال أهل التأويل وجاءت الأخبار. * ذكر الرواية التي جاءت بذلك: حدثنا أبو كُرَيب، قال: ثنا يحيى بن آدم، قال: ثنا إسرائيل، عن أَبي إسحاق، عن زيد بن أرقم، قال: " خرجت مع عمي في غزاة، فسمعت عبد الله بن أُبيّ ابن سلول يقول لأصحابه: لا تنفقوا على من عند رسول الله حتى ينفضوا، لئن رجعنا إلى المدينة ليخرجنّ الأعز منها الأذلّ؛ قال: فذكرت ذلك لعمي، فذكره عمي لرسول الله صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم، فأرسل إليّ، فحدثته، فأرسل إلى عبد الله عليًّا رضي الله عنه وأصحابه، فحلفوا ما قالوا، قال: فكذّبني رسول الله صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم وصدّقه، فأصابني همّ لم يصبني مثله قطّ؛ فدخلت البيت، فقال لي عمي: ما أردت إلى أن كذّبك رسول الله صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم ومقتك، قال: حتى أنـزل الله عزّ وجلّ إِذَا جَاءَكَ الْمُنَافِقُونَ قال: فبعث إليّ رسول الله صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم، فقرأها، ثم قال: " إن الله عزَّ وَجَلَّ قَدْ صَدَّقَكَ يا زيد ". حدثنا أبو كُرَيْب والقاسم بن بشر بن معروف، قال: ثنا يحيى بن بكير ، قال: ثنا شعبة، قال الحكم: أخبرني، قال: سمعت محمد بن كعب القرظيّ قال: سمعت زيد بن أرقم قال: لما قال عبد الله بن أُبيّ ابن سلول ما قال: لا تنفقوا على من عند رسول الله حتى ينفضوا، وقال: لَئِنْ رَجَعْنَا إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ قال: سمعته فأتيت رسول الله صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم، فذكرت ذلك، فلاقى ناس من الأنصار، قال: وجاء هو فحلف ما قال ذلك، فرجعت إلى المنـزل فنمت قال: فأتاني رسول الله صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم أو بلغني ، فأتيت النبي صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم، فقال: " إنَّ الله تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى قَدْ صَدَّقَكَ وَعَذَرَكَ" قال: فنـزلت الآية هُمُ الَّذِينَ يَقُولُونَ لا تُنْفِقُوا عَلَى مَنْ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ... الآية. حدثنا أبو كُرَيب، قال: ثنا هاشم أبو النضر، عن شعبة، عن الحكم، قال: سمعت محمد بن كعب القرظي، قال : سمعت زيد بن أرقم يحدّث بهذا الحديث. حدثنا محمد بن المثنى، قال: ثنا محمد بن جعفر، قال: ثنا شعبة، عن الحكم، عن محمد بن كعب القرظي، عن زيد بن أرقم، قال: " كنا مع رسول الله صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم في غزوة، فقال عبد الله بن أُبيّ ابن سلول لَئِنْ رَجَعْنَا إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ لَيُخْرِجَنَّ الأَعَزُّ مِنْهَا الأَذَلَّ قال: فأتيت النبيّ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم فأخبرته، فحلف عبد الله بن أُبيّ إنه لم يكن شيء من ذلك، قال: فلامني قومي وقالوا : ما أردتّ إلى هذا، قال: فانطلقت فنمت كئيبًا أو حزينًا، قال: فأرسل إليّ نبيّ الله صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم، أو أتيت رسول الله صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم، فقال: " إنَّ الله قَدْ أنـزلَ عُذْرَكَ وَصَدَّقَكَ"، قال: ونـزلت هذه الآية: هُمُ الَّذِينَ يَقُولُونَ لا تُنْفِقُوا عَلَى مَنْ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ حَتَّى يَنْفَضُّوا ... حتى بلغ لَئِنْ رَجَعْنَا إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ لَيُخْرِجَنَّ الأَعَزُّ مِنْهَا الأَذَلَّ . حدثنا ابن المثنى، قال: ثنا ابن أَبي عديّ، قال: أخبرني ابن عون، عن محمد، قال: " سمعها زيد بن أرقم فرفعها إلى وليه، قال: فرفعها وَليه إلى النبي صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم، قال: فقيل لزيد: وَفَتْ أذنك ". حدثنا أحمد بن منصور الرّمَادي، قال: ثنا إبراهيم بن الحكم بن أبان، قال: ثني أبي، قال: ثني بشير بن مسلم " أنه قيل لعبد الله بن أُبيّ ابن سلول: يا أبا حباب إنه قد أنـزل فيك آي شداد، فأذهب إلى رسول الله صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم يستغفر لك، فلوى رأسه وقال: أمرتموني أن أومن فآمنت، وأمرتموني أن أعطي زكاة مالي فأعطيت، فما بقي إلا أن أسجد لمحمد ". حدثنا بشر، قال: ثنا يزيد، قال: ثنا سعيد، عن قتادة "( وَإِذَا قِيلَ لَهُمْ تَعَالَوْا يَسْتَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ لَوَّوْا ) ... الآية كلها قرأها إلى الْفَاسِقِينَ أنـزلت في عبد الله بن أُبيّ، وذلك أن غلامًا من قرابته انطلق إلى رسول الله صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم فحدّثه بحديث عنه وأمر شديد، فدعاه رسول الله صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم، فإذا هو يحلف ويتبرأ من ذلك، وأقبلت الأنصار على ذلك الغلام، فلاموه وعَذَلوه وقيل لعبد الله: لو أتيت رسول الله صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم، فجعل يلوي رأسه: أي لستُ فاعلا وكذب عليّ، فأنـزل الله ما تسمعون ". حدثني محمد بن عمرو ، قال: ثنا أَبو عاصم، قال: ثنا عيسى؛ وحدثني الحارث، قال: ثنا الحسن، قال: ثنا ورقاء جميعًا، عن ابن أبي نجيح، عن مجاهد، في قوله: ( وَإِذَا قِيلَ لَهُمْ تَعَالَوْا يَسْتَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ لَوَّوْا رُءُوسَهُمْ ) قال: عبد الله بن أُبَيّ، قيل له: تعالَ ليستغفر لك رسول الله صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم ، فلوى رأسه وقال: ماذا قلت؟. حدثنا ابن عبد الأعلى، قال: ثنا ابن ثور، عن معمر، عن قتادة، قال: قال له قومه: لو أتيت النبيّ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم فاستغفر لك، فجعل يلوي رأسه، فنـزلت فيه ( وَإِذَا قِيلَ لَهُمْ تَعَالَوْا يَسْتَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ) .