Tafseer of Friday · Al-Jumu'a · 62:3
And [to] others of them who have not yet joined them. And He is the Exalted in Might, the Wise.
Important: The Arabic source text is always authoritative. This translation is a study aid and has not been verified by scholars — do not use it as a basis for religious proof or for deriving rulings (ahkam). When in doubt, always consult the Arabic text and a qualified scholar.
The Exalted, whose mention is exalted, says: And He it is who has sent among the unlettered (al-ummiyyūn) a messenger from among themselves, and among others from them who have not yet joined them. Thus "others" stands in the genitive, conjoined to "the unlettered."
People have differed concerning who is meant by His saying ( and others from them ). Some said: By this the non-Arabs (al-ʿajam) are meant.
* Mention of who said that:
Yaʿqūb ibn Ibrāhīm related to me, saying: Ibn ʿUlayya related to us, on the authority of Layth, on the authority of Mujāhid, concerning His saying: ( and others from them who have not yet joined them ) he said: They are the non-Arabs (al-aʿājim).
Yaḥyā ibn Ṭalḥa al-Yarbūʿī related to us, saying: Fuḍayl ibn Ṭalḥa related to us, on the authority of Layth, on the authority of Mujāhid, concerning His saying: ( and others from them who have not yet joined them ) he said: They are the non-Arabs.
Abū al-Sāʾib related to us, saying: Ibn Idrīs related to us, on the authority of Layth, on the authority of Mujāhid ( and others from them who have not yet joined them ) he said: The non-Arabs.
Ibn Bashshār related to us, saying: ʿĀṣim related to us, saying: Sufyān related to us, on the authority of Layth, on the authority of Mujāhid ( and others from them who have not yet joined them ) he said: The non-Arabs.
Yūnus related to me, saying: Ibn Wahb informed us, saying: I heard Sufyān al-Thawrī — I know it only on the authority of Mujāhid: ( and others from them who have not yet joined them ) he said: The non-Arabs.
Muḥammad ibn Isḥāq related to me, saying: Yaḥyā ibn Maʿīn related to us, saying: Hishām ibn Yūsuf related to us, on the authority of ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn al-ʿĀṣ, on the authority of his father, on the authority of his grandfather, on the authority of Ibn ʿUmar, that he said to him: Truly, Sūrat al-Jumuʿa was sent down concerning us and concerning you, regarding your killing of the liar. Then he recited ( Whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth glorifies Allah ) ... until he reached ( and others from them who have not yet joined them ) he said: That is you.
Ibn Ḥumayd related to us, saying: Mihrān related to us, on the authority of Sufyān, on the authority of Layth, on the authority of Mujāhid ( and others from them who have not yet joined them ) he said: The non-Arabs.
Muḥammad ibn Maʿmar related to me, saying: Abū ʿĀmir related to us, saying: ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz related to us; and Yūnus related to me, saying: Ibn Wahb informed us, saying: Sulaymān ibn Bilāl informed me, both on the authority of Thawr ibn Zayd, on the authority of Abū al-Ghayth, on the authority of Abū Hurayra, he said: "We were sitting with the Prophet ﷺ, and Sūrat al-Jumuʿa was sent down upon him. When he recited: ( and others from them who have not yet joined them ), a man said: Who are these, O messenger of Allah? The Prophet ﷺ did not answer him until he had asked him once or twice or three times. And among us was Salmān the Persian. The Prophet ﷺ placed his hand on Salmān and said: 'If faith were at the Pleiades, men from these would attain it.'"
Aḥmad ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān related to me, saying: My uncle related to us, saying: Sulaymān ibn Bilāl al-Madanī related to us, on the authority of Thawr ibn Zayd, on the authority of Sālim Abū al-Ghayth, on the authority of Abū Hurayra, he said: And we were sitting with the messenger of Allah ﷺ — and he mentioned something similar.
And others said: By this is meant only all who entered into Islam after the Prophet ﷺ, whoever it may be, until the Day of Resurrection.
* Mention of who said that:
Muḥammad ibn ʿAmr related to me, saying: Abū ʿĀṣim related to us, saying: ʿĪsā related to us; and al-Ḥārith related to me, saying: al-Ḥasan related to us, saying: Warqāʾ related to us, both on the authority of Ibn Abī Najīḥ, on the authority of Mujāhid, concerning the word of Allah: ( and others from them who have not yet joined them ) he said: Whoever followed Islam of all people.
Yūnus related to me, saying: Ibn Wahb informed us, saying: Ibn Zayd said concerning the word of Allah, mighty and exalted: ( and others from them who have not yet joined them ) he said: These are all who came after the Prophet ﷺ until the Day of Resurrection, everyone who entered into Islam, of the Arabs and the non-Arabs.
The correct of the two opinions concerning that is, in my view, the opinion of him who said: By this is meant every one joining who joined those who had accompanied the Prophet ﷺ in their Islam, from whatever lineage it may be. For Allah, mighty and exalted, by His saying ( and others from them who have not yet joined them ), took every one joining them from "others" in a general sense, and did not single out any kind thereof over another kind. So every one joining them belongs to the "others" who did not belong to the first ones, to whom the messenger of Allah ﷺ recited the signs of Allah.
And His saying ( who have not yet joined them ). He says: They have not yet come, but they will come.
And in accordance with what we have said concerning that, the scholars of interpretation have spoken.
* Mention of who said that:
Yūnus related to me, saying: Ibn Wahb informed us, saying: Ibn Zayd said concerning His saying: ( who have not yet joined them ) he said: They have not yet come.
And His saying ( and He is the Almighty, the All-Wise ). He says: And Allah is the Almighty in His retribution against whoever of them was unbelieving in Him, the All-Wise in His governance of His creatures.
And His saying ( That is the bounty of Allah, which He gives to whomever He wills ). The Exalted, whose mention is exalted, says: This which the Exalted, whose mention is exalted, has done, namely His sending among the unlettered of the Arabs, and among others, of a messenger from among themselves who recites to them His signs and does all the rest that He has described, is the bounty of Allah with which He favored these and not others. He gives it to whomever He wills. He says: He gives that bounty of His to whomever He wills of His creatures. Whoever Allah withholds it from deserves no blame, for He has not withheld from him any right that was due to him beforehand, nor has He wronged him by turning it away from him to another. Rather, it belongs to him who is worthy of it; He has entrusted it to him and placed it with him.
And in accordance with what we have said concerning that, the scholars of interpretation have spoken.
