Tabari (1 passage)

1. Full Dutch translation of Tabari's text

   The explanation of the words of the Exalted: أُولَئِكَ الَّذِينَ هَدَى اللَّهُ فَبِهُدَاهُمُ اقْتَدِهْ (Those are the ones whom Allah has guided, so follow their guidance).

   Abū Jaʿfar said: The Exalted, whose praise is sublime, says: "Those are" — these people whom We have charged with Our signs and who do not disbelieve in them — they are the ones whom Allah has guided to His true religion, and whom He has protected in what they were charged to preserve of the signs of His Book: the observance of His limits, the following of His permitted and His forbidden, the acting upon what is therein of Allah's command, and the abstaining from what is therein of His prohibition. He, whose praise is sublime, granted them the capacity for that — "so follow their guidance." The Exalted, whose praise is sublime, says: act then according to the work that they performed, and the path that they trod, and the guidance with which We guided them, and the support with which We aided them — "follow it," O Muḥammad, that is to say: act upon it, accept it, and tread it, for it is a work in which there is good pleasure for Allah, and a path by which whoever treads it is guided.

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   This explanation rests upon the view of those who interpreted His word: then We have charged with it a people who do not disbelieve in it as referring to the prophets mentioned in the preceding verses. And that is the view that we have chosen in the explanation thereof.

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   But according to the explanation of those who interpreted it such that the people charged with it are the people of Medina — or that they are the angels — they understood His word: If these disbelieve in it, then We have charged with it a people who do not disbelieve in it as a parenthetical clause between the two statements, and then they referred His word: "Those are the ones whom Allah has guided, so follow their guidance" back to His word: "Those are the ones to whom We gave the Book, the judgment, and the prophethood."

   * Mention of those who said that:

   13531 — Al-Qāsim related to us, saying: al-Ḥusayn related to us, saying: Ḥajjāj related to me, on the authority of Ibn Jurayj, concerning His word: And We bestowed upon him Isḥāq and Yaʿqūb, up to His word: "Those are the ones whom Allah has guided, so follow their guidance," O Muḥammad.

   13532 — Yūnus related to me, saying: Ibn Wahb informed us, saying: Ibn Zayd said concerning His word: "Those are the ones whom Allah has guided," O Muḥammad, "so follow their guidance," and do not follow these others.

   13533 — Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥusayn related to me, saying: Aḥmad ibn al-Mufaḍḍal related to me, saying: Asbāṭ related to us, on the authority of al-Suddī, who said: Then He returned to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and said: "Those are the ones whom Allah has guided, so follow their guidance."

   13534 — ʿAlī ibn Dāwūd related to us, saying: ʿAbd Allāh ibn Ṣāliḥ related to us, saying: Muʿāwiya ibn Ṣāliḥ related to me, on the authority of ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭalḥa, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās, who said: Then He said concerning the prophets whom He mentioned in this verse: "so follow their guidance."

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   The meaning of "the following" (al-iqtidāʾ) in the language of the Arabs, with regard to a man, is: the following of his track and the adopting of his guidance. One says: "so-and-so follows so-and-so" (yaqdū fulānan), when he takes his direction and follows his track — "qida, qudwa, qidwa, and qidya."

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   The explanation of the words of the Exalted: قُل لَّا أَسْأَلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ أَجْرًا إِنْ هُوَ إِلَّا ذِكْرَى لِلْعَالَمِينَ (Say: I ask you no reward for it; it is nothing but a reminder for the worlds) (6:90).

   Abū Jaʿfar said: The Exalted, whose praise is sublime, says to His Prophet Muḥammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace: "Say" to these whom I have commanded you to admonish with My signs — so that no soul may perish through what it has earned — of the polytheists of your people, O Muḥammad: "I ask you," for my admonition to you, and the guidance to which I call you, and the Qurʾān that I have brought to you, no recompense that I receive from you for it, and no reward that I take from you. And that, from my side, is nothing but a reminder for you, and for everyone who is like you of those who persist in falsehood — a warning of Allah's chastisement that may descend upon you, and of His wrath that may come down upon you on account of your shirk against Him and your kufr — and a warning to you all, before a severe punishment (ʿadhāb), so that you may take heed and be restrained.

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   Show original Arabic

   القول في تأويل قوله : أُولَئِكَ الَّذِينَ هَدَى اللَّهُ فَبِهُدَاهُمُ اقْتَدِهِ قال أبو جعفر: يقول تعالى ذكره: " أولئك "، هؤلاء القوم الذين وكلنا بآياتنا وليسوا بها بكافرين, هم الذين هداهم الله لدينه الحق, وحفظ ما وكلوا بحفظه من آيات كتابه، والقيام بحدوده، واتباع حلاله وحرامه، والعمل بما فيه من أمر الله، والانتهاء عما فيه من نهيه, فوفقهم جل ثناؤه لذلك =" فبهداهم اقتده "، يقول تعالى ذكره: فبالعمل الذي عملوا، والمنهاج الذي سلكوا، وبالهدى الذي هديناهم، والتوفيق الذي وفقناهم =" اقتده "، يا محمد، أي: فاعمل، وخذ به واسلكه, فإنه عمل لله فيه رضًا، ومنهاجٌ من سلكه اهتدى. * * * وهذا التأويل على مذهب من تأوّل قوله: فَقَدْ وَكَّلْنَا بِهَا قَوْمًا لَيْسُوا بِهَا بِكَافِرِينَ ، أنهم الأنبياء المسمون في الآيات المتقدمة. وهو القول الذي اخترناه في تأويل ذلك. * * * وأما على تأويل من تأول ذلك: أن القوم الذين وكّلوا بها هم أهل المدينة = أو: أنهم هم الملائكة = فإنهم جعلوا قوله: فَإِنْ يَكْفُرْ بِهَا هَؤُلاءِ فَقَدْ وَكَّلْنَا بِهَا قَوْمًا لَيْسُوا بِهَا بِكَافِرِينَ ، اعتراضًا بين الكلامين, ثم ردّوا قوله: " أولئك الذين هدى الله فبهداهم اقتده "، على قوله: " أولئك الذين آتيناهم الكتاب والحكم والنبوّة ". * ذكر من قال ذلك: 13531 - حدثنا القاسم قال، حدثنا الحسين قال، حدثني حجاج, عن ابن جريج قوله: وَوَهَبْنَا لَهُ إِسْحَاقَ وَيَعْقُوبَ إلى قوله: " أولئك الذين هدى الله فبهداهم اقتده "، يا محمد . 13532- حدثني يونس قال، أخبرنا ابن وهب قال، قال ابن زيد في قوله: " أولئك الذين هدى الله "، يا محمد," فبهداهم اقتده "، ولا تقتد بهؤلاء. 13533 - حدثني محمد بن الحسين قال، حدثني أحمد بن المفضل قال، حدثنا أسباط, عن السدي قال: ثم رجع إلى النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم فقال: " أولئك الذين هدى الله فبهداهم اقتده " . 13534 - حدثنا علي بن داود قال، حدثنا عبد الله بن صالح قال، حدثني معاوية بن صالح, عن علي بن أبي طلحة, عن ابن عباس قال: ثم قال في الأنبياء الذين سماهم في هذه الآية: " فبهداهم اقتده ". * * * ومعنى: " الاقتداء " في كلام العرب، بالرجل: اتباع أثره، والأخذ بهديه. يقال: " فلان يقدو فلانًا "، إذا نحا نحوه، واتبع أثره," قِدَة، وقُدوة وقِدوة وقِدْيَة ". (64) * * * القول في تأويل قوله : قُلْ لا أَسْأَلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ أَجْرًا إِنْ هُوَ إِلا ذِكْرَى لِلْعَالَمِينَ (90) قال أبو جعفر: يقول تعالى ذكره لنبيه محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم: " قل " لهؤلاء الذين أمرتك أن تذكّرهم بآياتي، أن تبسَل نفس بما كسبت، من مشركي قومك يا محمد: " لا أسألكم "، على تذكيري إياكم، والهدى الذي أدعوكم إليه، والقرآن الذي جئتكم به, عوضًا أعتاضه منكم عليه، وأجرًا آخذه منكم, (65) وما ذلك مني إلا تذكير لكم، ولكل من كان مثلكم ممن هو مقيم على باطل، بَأسَ الله أن يَحُلّ بكم، وسَخَطه أن ينـزل بكم على شرككم به وكفركم = وإنذارٌ لجميعكم بين يدي عذاب شديد, لتذكروا وتنـزجروا. (66) * * * ------------------ الهوامش : (64) في المطبوعة: "كتب مكان"وقدية""وقدوة" ، وهو خطأ صرف ، خالف ما في المخطوطة وهو الصواب. (65) انظر تفسير"الأجر فيما سلف من فهارس اللغة (أجر). (66) انظر تفسير"ذكرى" فيما سلف ص: 439.