Tabari (1 passage)

1. Full Dutch translation of Tabari's text

   The explanation of His word: فَقُطِعَ دَابِرُ الْقَوْمِ الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا وَالْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ (45) ("So the last remnant of the people who did wrong was cut off, and all praise belongs to Allah, the Lord of the worlds") (6:45).

   Abū Jaʿfar said: The Exalted, whose praise is exalted, means by His word: "So the last remnant of the people who did wrong was cut off": the people who arrogantly resisted their Lord, denied His messengers, and opposed His command were uprooted to the last man. None of them was spared; all were destroyed suddenly when the punishment of Allah (ʿadhāb) came upon them.

   * * *

   In accordance with what we have said about this, a group of the people of interpretation (the exegetes of the Qurʾān) spoke.

   * Mention of who said that:

   13242 - Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥusayn related to me, he said: Aḥmad ibn al-Mufaḍḍal related to us, he said: Asbāṭ related to us, on the authority of al-Suddī: "So the last remnant of the people who did wrong was cut off," he says: the root of those who did wrong was severed.

   13243 - Yūnus related to me, he said: Ibn Wahb informed us, he said: Ibn Zayd said concerning His word: "So the last remnant of the people who did wrong was cut off," he said: they were uprooted to the root.

   * * *

   And "dābir al-qawm" (the last remnant of the people) is the one who comes after them; it is what is in their wake and at their end. One says in the language: "So-and-so came after the people, he comes after them, dabran and dubūran," when he is the last of them. To this belongs the word of Umayya:

   "So they were destroyed by a punishment that mowed down their last remnant, and they were not able to avert it, nor could they defend themselves." (1)

   * * *

   = "and all praise belongs to Allah, the Lord of the worlds," he says: and the complete praise and the full thanksgiving = "belongs to Allah, the Lord of the worlds," for His blessings upon His messengers and upon the people of His obedience, (2) by making their proofs triumph over those who resisted them among the people of unbelief, and by fulfilling for them what He had promised them on account of their unbelief in Allah and their denial of His messengers (3) = with the requital of Allah and His swift punishment. (4)

   ----------------------

   Footnotes:

   (1) His dīwān: 32, from verses in which the description of the scene on the Day of Gathering is narrated. One says: "ḥaṣṣa al-shaʿr," when one shaves off the hair so that nothing of it remains.

   (2) See the explanation of "al-ḥamd" and "rabb al-ʿālamīn" as mentioned earlier in Sūrah al-Fātiḥah.

   (3) In the printed edition: "wa-taḥqīq ʿiddatihim mā waʿadahum," and in the manuscript: "ʿidātihim mā waʿadūhum," and the correct reading of all this is what I have established.

   (4) The connection of the sentence: "... what they promised them ... with the requital of Allah and His swift punishment."

   Show original Arabic

   القول في تأويل قوله : فَقُطِعَ دَابِرُ الْقَوْمِ الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا وَالْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ (45) قال أبو جعفر: يعني تعالى ذكره بقوله: " فقطع دابر القوم الذين ظلموا "، فاستؤصل القوم الذين عَتَوا على ربهم، وكذّبوا رسله، وخالفوا أمره، عن آخرهم, فلم يترك منهم أحد إلا أهلك بغتةً إذ جاءهم عذاب الله. * * * وبنحو الذي قلنا في ذلك قال جماعة من أهل التأويل. * ذكر من قال ذلك: 13242 - حدثني محمد بن الحسين قال، حدثنا أحمد بن المفضل قال، حدثنا أسباط, عن السدي: " فقطع دابر القوم الذين ظلموا "، يقول: قُطع أصل الذين ظلموا. 13243 - حدثني يونس قال، أخبرنا ابن وهب قال، قال ابن زيد في قوله: " فقطع دابر القوم الذين ظلموا "، قال: استؤصلوا. * * * و " دابر القوم "، الذي يدبرُهم, وهو الذي يكون في أدبارهم وآخرهم. يقال في الكلام: " قد دَبَر القومَ فلانٌ يدبُرُهم دَبْرًا ودبورًا "، إذا كان آخرهم, ومنه قول أمية: فَــاُهْلِكُوا بِعَــذَابٍ حَـصَّ دَابِـرَهُمْ فَمَـا اسْتَطَاعُوا لَهُ صَرْفًا وَلا انْتَصَرُوا (1) * * * =" والحمد لله رب العالمين "، يقول: والثناء الكامل والشكر التام =" لله رب العالمين "، على إنعامه على رسله وأهل طاعته, (2) بإظهار حججهم على من خالفهم من أهل الكفر, وتحقيق عِدَاتِهم ما وَعدوهم على كفرهم بالله وتكذيبهم رسله (3) = من نقم الله وعاجل عذابه. (4) ---------------------- الهوامش : (1) ديوانه: 32 ، من أبيات يحكى فيها صفة الموقف في يوم الحشر. يقال: "حص الشعر" ، إذا حلقه ، لم يبق منه شيئًا. (2) انظر تفسير"الحمد" ، و"رب العالمين" فيما سلف في سورة الفاتحة. (3) في المطبوعة: "وتحقيق عدتهم ما وعدهم" ، وفي المخطوطة: "عداتهم ما وعدوهم" ، وصواب قراءة ذلك كله ما أثبته. (4) السياق: " . . . ما وعدوهم . . . من نقم الله وعاجل عذابه".