Tafseer of The Cattle · Al-An'aam · 6:33
We know that you, [O Muhammad], are saddened by what they say. And indeed, they do not call you untruthful, but it is the verses of Allah that the wrongdoers reject.
Important: The Arabic source text is always authoritative. This translation is a study aid and has not been verified by scholars — do not use it as a basis for religious proof or for deriving rulings (ahkam). When in doubt, always consult the Arabic text and a qualified scholar.
The discourse on the explanation of His saying: قَدْ نَعْلَمُ إِنَّهُ لَيَحْزُنُكَ الَّذِي يَقُولُونَ فَإِنَّهُمْ لا يُكَذِّبُونَكَ وَلَكِنَّ الظَّالِمِينَ بِآيَاتِ اللَّهِ يَجْحَدُونَ ("We certainly know that what they say grieves you; they do not declare you a liar, but the wrongdoers reject the signs of Allah" (6:33)).
Abū Jaʿfar said: The Exalted, whose praise is proclaimed, says to His Prophet Muḥammad, Allah's blessing and peace be upon him: "We certainly know," O Muḥammad, that what the polytheists (mushrikīn) say grieves you — and that is their saying against him that he is a liar = "they do not declare you a liar."
* * *
And the reciters differed concerning its recitation.
[A group of the people of Kūfa recited it: (fa-innahum lā yukdhibūnaka) with the light form], in the meaning of: they do not declare you a liar (yukdhibūnaka) regarding what you have brought them of the revelation of Allah, and they do not refute that it is correct — rather, they know its correctness — but they reject the truth of it in word, so that they do not believe in it.
* * *
And one of the people of knowledge concerning the language of the Arabs related from the Arabs that they say: "akdhabtu al-rajul" (I held the man to be a liar), when you report that he has come with a lie and transmitted it. He said: And they say: "kadhdhabtuhu" (I declared him a liar), when you report that he is a liar.
* * *
And a group of the reciters of Medina, of the Iraqis, of Kūfa and of Baṣra recited it: fa-innahum lā yukadhdhibūnaka, in the meaning of: they do not declare you a liar with respect to knowledge — rather, they know that you are truthful — but they declare you a liar in word, out of opposition and envy.
* * *
Abū Jaʿfar said: And the correct view concerning the discourse on this, in my opinion, is that one says: They are two well-known recitations; with each of the two a group of the reciters has recited, and for each of the two there is a comprehensible way to its correctness.
That is because there was, without doubt, among the polytheists a people who declared the Messenger of Allah, Allah's blessing and peace be upon him, a liar and repelled him from that with which Allah, the Exalted, whose praise is proclaimed, had distinguished him, namely prophethood. Thus a part of them said: "he is a poet," and a part of them said: "he is a soothsayer," and a part of them said: "he is possessed," and they all denied that what he had come to them with was from the revelation of heaven and from the sending down of the Lord of the worlds — as a word. And a part of them had clearly perceived his affair and knew the correctness of his prophethood, but nonetheless opposed it and rejected his prophethood out of envy toward him and out of injustice.
* * *
So the reciter who reads: (fa-innahum lā yukdhibūnaka) = in the meaning that those who knew the truth of your prophethood and the truthfulness of your word in what you say, reject that what you recite to them of the revelation of Allah and is from Allah — as a word — while they know with certain knowledge that it is from Allah — he attains what is correct, for the reason we have mentioned, that there was among them someone of this character.
And in the saying of Allah, the Exalted, in this sūrah: الَّذِينَ آتَيْنَاهُمُ الْكِتَابَ يَعْرِفُونَهُ كَمَا يَعْرِفُونَ أَبْنَاءَهُمُ ("Those to whom We have given the Book know it as they know their sons") [Sūrah Al-Anʿām: 20], there lies the clearest proof that there was among them someone who opposed in rejecting his prophethood, Allah's blessing and peace be upon him, despite having knowledge of it and of the correctness of his prophethood.
* * *
And likewise the reciter who reads: (fa-innahum lā yukadhdhibūnaka) = in the meaning that they declare the Messenger of Allah, Allah's blessing and peace be upon him, a liar only out of opposition, not out of ignorance of his prophethood and the truthfulness of his speech — he attains what is correct, for the reason we have mentioned, that there was among them someone of this character.
And to each of these two interpretations a group of the people of interpretation has gone over.
* * *
* Mention of who said: its meaning is: they do not declare you a liar, but they reject the truth while they know that you are a truthful prophet of Allah:
13190 — Hannād related to us, saying: Abū Muʿāwiya related to us, on the authority of Ismāʿīl ibn Abī Khālid, on the authority of Abū Ṣāliḥ concerning his saying: "We certainly know that what they say grieves you; they do not declare you a liar," he said: One day Jibrīl came to the Prophet, Allah's blessing and peace be upon him, while he sat grieving, and he said to him: What grieves you? He said: These people have declared me a liar! He said: Then Jibrīl said to him: They do not declare you a liar; they know that you are truthful, "but the wrongdoers reject the signs of Allah."
13191 — Ibn Wakīʿ related to us, saying: Abū Muʿāwiya related to us, on the authority of Ismāʿīl, on the authority of Abū Ṣāliḥ, he said: Jibrīl came to the Prophet, Allah's blessing and peace be upon him, while he sat grieving, and he said to him: What grieves you? He said: These people have declared me a liar! Then Jibrīl said to him: They do not declare you a liar, they truly know that you are truthful, "but the wrongdoers reject the signs of Allah."
13192 — Al-Ḥasan ibn Yaḥyā related to us, saying: ʿAbd al-Razzāq informed us, saying: Maʿmar informed us, on the authority of Qatāda concerning his saying: "but the wrongdoers reject the signs of Allah," he said: They know that you are the Messenger of Allah, but they reject.
13193 — Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥusayn related to us, saying: Aḥmad ibn al-Mufaḍḍal related to us, saying: Asbāṭ related to us: on the authority of al-Suddī concerning his saying: "We certainly know that what they say grieves you; they do not declare you a liar, but the wrongdoers reject the signs of Allah": when it was the day of Badr, al-Akhnas ibn Sharīq said to the Banū Zuhra: O Banū Zuhra, Muḥammad is the son of your sister, so you have the most right to withhold yourselves from him, for if he is a prophet, then you will not fight him today, and if he is a liar, then you have the most right to withhold yourselves from the son of your sister! Stand here until I meet Abū al-Ḥakam; if Muḥammad [Allah's blessing and peace be upon him] is defeated, you return safely, and if Muḥammad triumphs, then your people will do you no harm. = On that day he was called "al-Akhnas," while his name was "Ubayy." = Then al-Akhnas and Abū Jahl met each other, and al-Akhnas withdrew aside with Abū Jahl and said: O Abū al-Ḥakam, inform me about Muḥammad: is he truthful or a liar? For there is no one here of the Quraysh except me and you who hears our conversation! Then Abū Jahl said: Woe to you, by Allah, Muḥammad is truly truthful, and Muḥammad has never lied; but if the Banū Quṣayy receive the standard-bearing, the custody of the Kaʿba (al-ḥijāba), the providing of water (al-siqāya) and the prophethood, what then remains for the rest of the Quraysh? And that is His saying: "they do not declare you a liar, but the wrongdoers reject the signs of Allah"; and "the signs of Allah" is Muḥammad, Allah's blessing and peace be upon him.
13194 — Al-Ḥārith ibn Muḥammad related to me, saying: ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz related to us, saying: Qays related to us, on the authority of Sālim al-Afṭas, on the authority of Saʿīd ibn Jubayr: "they do not declare you a liar," he said: They do not declare Muḥammad a liar, but they reject the signs of Allah.
* * *
* Mention of who said: this means: they do not declare you a liar, but they declare what you have come with to be a falsehood:
13195 — Muḥammad ibn Bashshār related to us, saying: ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Mahdī related to us, saying: Sufyān related to us, on the authority of Abū Isḥāq, on the authority of Nājiya, he said: Abū Jahl said to the Prophet, Allah's blessing and peace be upon him: We do not suspect you, but we suspect what you have come with! Then Allah, the Exalted, whose praise is proclaimed, sent down: "they do not declare you a liar, but the wrongdoers reject the signs of Allah."
13196 — Ibn Wakīʿ related to us, saying: Yaḥyā ibn Ādam related to us, on the authority of Sufyān, on the authority of Abū Isḥāq, on the authority of Nājiya ibn Kaʿb: that Abū Jahl said to the Prophet, Allah's blessing and peace be upon him: We do not declare you a liar, but we declare what you have come with to be a falsehood! Then Allah, the Exalted, whose praise is proclaimed, sent down: "they do not declare you a liar, but the wrongdoers reject the signs of Allah."
* * *
And others said: its meaning is: they do not declare what you have come to them with to be null.
* Mention of who said that:
13197 — Ibn Wakīʿ related to us, saying: Isḥāq ibn Sulaymān related to us, on the authority of Abū Maʿshar, on the authority of Muḥammad ibn Kaʿb: "they do not declare you a liar," he said: They do not declare what is in your hands to be null.
* * *
And as for His saying: "but the wrongdoers reject the signs of Allah," He says: but the polytheists against Allah reject the proofs of Allah, the signs of His Book and His messenger, and thus they deny the correctness of all of that.
* * *
And al-Suddī used to say: by "the signs" (al-āyāt) in this place Muḥammad, Allah's blessing and peace be upon him, is meant. And we have already mentioned the narration concerning that from him earlier.