Tafseer of The Cattle · Al-An'aam · 6:14
Say, "Is it other than Allah I should take as a protector, Creator of the heavens and the earth, while it is He who feeds and is not fed?" Say, [O Muhammad], "Indeed, I have been commanded to be the first [among you] who submit [to Allah] and [was commanded], 'Do not ever be of the polytheists.' "
Important: The Arabic source text is always authoritative. This translation is a study aid and has not been verified by scholars — do not use it as a basis for religious proof or for deriving rulings (ahkam). When in doubt, always consult the Arabic text and a qualified scholar.
The explanation of His statement: قُلْ أَغَيْرَ اللَّهِ أَتَّخِذُ وَلِيًّا فَاطِرِ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالأَرْضِ وَهُوَ يُطْعِمُ وَلا يُطْعَمُ ("Say: Shall I take as a protector other than Allah, the Originator of the heavens and the earth, while He feeds and is not fed?") (6:14).
Abū Jaʿfar said: The Exalted, whose praise is exalted, says to His Prophet Muḥammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace: "Say," O Muḥammad, to these polytheists (mushrikīn) who set up the idols and graven images as equals to their Lord, who deny you the pure devotion of the oneness to your Lord, and who call to the worship of the gods and the idols: Shall I take as a protector (walī) anything other than Allah, the Exalted whose praise is exalted, whose aid I would invoke and whose support I would seek in calamities and events—as in the following:
13110 — Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥusayn related to me, he said: Aḥmad ibn al-Mufaḍḍal related to us, he said: Asbāṭ related to us, on the authority of al-Suddī: "Say: Shall I take as a protector other than Allah," he said: As for the "protector (walī)," that is the one whom they take as their protector and to whom they ascribe lordship (rubūbiyya).
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— "the Originator of the heavens and the earth (fāṭir al-samāwāt wa-l-arḍ)," He says: Shall I take as a protector anything other than Allah, the Originator of the heavens and the earth? "Originator of the heavens" is a qualification and attribute of "Allah," and that is why it is in the genitive.
And by His statement "the Originator of the heavens and the earth" He means: their producer, their initiator, and their creator, as in the following:
13111 — Ibn Wakīʿ related it to us, he said: Yaḥyā ibn Saʿīd al-Qaṭṭān related to us, on the authority of Sufyān, on the authority of Ibrāhīm ibn Muhājir, on the authority of Mujāhid, he said: I heard Ibn ʿAbbās saying: I did not know what "the Originator (fāṭir) of the heavens and the earth" meant, until two bedouins came to me disputing over a well, and one of them said to his companion: "I am the one who originated it (fatartu-hā)," meaning: I am the one who began it.
13112 — Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥusayn related to us, he said: Aḥmad ibn al-Mufaḍḍal related to us, he said: Asbāṭ related to us, on the authority of al-Suddī: "the Originator of the heavens and the earth," he said: the Creator (khāliq) of the heavens and the earth.
13113 — al-Ḥasan ibn Yaḥyā related to us, he said: ʿAbd al-Razzāq reported to us, he said: Maʿmar reported to us, on the authority of Qatāda, concerning His statement: "the Originator of the heavens and the earth," he said: the Creator (khāliq) of the heavens and the earth.
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Of this it is said: "Allah originated it (faṭara-hā), He originates it (yafṭuru-hā and yafṭiru-hā), originating (faṭran and fuṭūran)"—and from this comes His statement: هَلْ تَرَى مِنْ فُطُورٍ [sūrat al-Mulk: 3] ("Do you see any rifts?"), by which is meant: clefts and cracks. One says: "a cracked sword (sayf fuṭār)," when it has many cracks in it, and that is a defect in it. From this comes the verse of ʿAntara:
And my sword is like the flash of lightning, and it is my bedfellow, my weapon, neither blunt nor cracked (fuṭār).
And from this one says: "the camel's eyetooth has broken through (faṭara)," when the flesh splits and it emerges. And from this comes His statement: تَكَادُ السَّمَاوَاتُ يَتَفَطَّرْنَ مِنْ فَوْقِهِنَّ [sūrat al-Shūrā: 5] ("The heavens almost split apart from above them"), that is: they split and crack.
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As for His statement "while He feeds and is not fed," by it He means: and He provides sustenance to His creatures, and is Himself not sustained, as in the following:
13114 — Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥusayn related to me, he said: Aḥmad ibn al-Mufaḍḍal related to us, he said: Asbāṭ related to us, on the authority of al-Suddī: "while He feeds and is not fed," he said: He provides sustenance and is not sustained.
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It is related from some that they read it thus: (وَهُوَ يُطْعِمُ وَلا يَطْعَمُ) ("while He feeds and does not eat"), that is: that He feeds His creatures and does not Himself eat—but this has no significance, on account of the scant use of this reading.
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The explanation of His statement: قُلْ إِنِّي أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أَكُونَ أَوَّلَ مَنْ أَسْلَمَ وَلا تَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ (14) ("Say: I have been commanded to be the first who submits, and be you by no means one of the polytheists") (6:14).
Abū Jaʿfar said: The Exalted, whose praise is exalted, says to His Prophet Muḥammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace: "Say," O Muḥammad, to those who call you to take the gods as protectors alongside Allah and who urge you to their worship: Shall I take as a protector anything other than Allah, the Originator of the heavens and the earth, while He sustains me and others and no one sustains Him—something that is itself His servant and possession, and a created creature? And say to them also: My Lord has commanded me "to be the first who submits," that is: the first of the people of my era and my time to submit in servitude to Him, to humble himself before His command and prohibition, and to surrender to Him—"and be you by no means one of the polytheists," He says: and say: and it has been said to me: be you by no means one of the polytheists who associate partners with Allah, who make the gods and partners into co-deities.
— And He made His statement "I have been commanded" stand in place of "it has been said to me," because His statement "I have been commanded" carries the meaning of "it has been said to me." It is as though it were said: Say: it has been said to me: be the first who submits, and be you by no means one of the polytheists—and the mention of "the command" sufficed in place of the mention of "the saying," since it is known of "the command" that it is a "saying."