Tabari (1 passage)

1. Full Dutch translation of Tabari's text

   The discourse on the explanation of His saying: بَدِيعُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالأَرْضِ أَنَّى يَكُونُ لَهُ وَلَدٌ وَلَمْ تَكُنْ لَهُ صَاحِبَةٌ ("The Originator of the heavens and the earth — how could He have a child while He has no consort?")

   Abū Jaʿfar said: The Exalted, whose praise is exalted, says: Allah, Who created these unbelievers — those who assigned the jinn to Him as partners and ascribed to Him, without any knowledge, sons and daughters — is "the Originator of the heavens and the earth" (badīʿ al-samāwāt wa-l-arḍ). That is to say: their Designer, their Originator, and their Creator, after they did not exist, as:

   13693 — Yūnus related to me, saying: Ibn Wahb informed us, saying: Ibn Zayd said concerning His saying: "the Originator of the heavens and the earth": He said: He is the One Who originated the creation of both, exalted is His majesty; He created them while they were nothing before Him.

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   "How could He have a child while He has no consort" — for a child comes about only from a male and a female being, and it does not befit Allah, praised be He, that He should have a consort so that He would have a child. That is because He is the One Who created every thing. He says: if there is nothing except that Allah created it, then how could Allah have a child while He has no consort from whom He would have a child?

   The discourse on the explanation of His saying: وَخَلَقَ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ وَهُوَ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلِيمٌ ("And He created every thing, and He is All-Knowing of every thing") (6:101)

   Abū Jaʿfar said: The Exalted, whose mention is exalted, says: And Allah created every thing, and there is no creator besides Him. And everything that you call upon, O you who set up idols alongside Allah besides Him, is His creation and His slaves (ʿabīd), owned by Him — whether it be the one whom you call upon as lord and of whom you claim that he has a child, or a jinn or a human. "And He is All-Knowing of every thing," He says: And Allah, Who created every thing, nothing of what He created is hidden from Him, nor any part of it, and there does not escape Him the weight of a mote on the earth nor in the heaven. He is aware of your number and your deeds, and of the deeds of the one whom you have called upon as lord or ascribed to Allah as a child, and He keeps record of all that against you and against them, until He requites each one for his deed.

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   The footnotes:

   (59) See the explanation of "badīʿ" (Originator) in what preceded, 2:540.

   (60) See the explanation of "ʿalīm" (All-Knowing) in what preceded, in the lexical indexes under ʿilm.

   Show original Arabic

   القول في تأويل قوله : بَدِيعُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالأَرْضِ أَنَّى يَكُونُ لَهُ وَلَدٌ وَلَمْ تَكُنْ لَهُ صَاحِبَةٌ قال أبو جعفر: يقول تعالى ذكره: الله الذي جعل هؤلاء الكفرة به له الجنَّ شركاءَ، وخرقوا له بنين وبنات بغير علم=" بديع السماوات والأرض "، يعني: مبتدعها ومحدثها وموجدها بعد أن لم تكن ، (59) كما:- 13693- حدثني يونس قال، أخبرنا ابن وهب قال: قال ابن زيد في قوله: " بديع السماوات والأرض "، قال: هو الذي ابتدع خلقهما جل جلاله، فخلقهما ولم يكونا شيئًا قبله . * * * =" أنّى يكون له ولد ولم تكن له صاحبة "، والولد إنما يكون من الذكر والأنثى, ولا ينبغي أن يكون لله سبحانه صاحبة، فيكون له ولد. وذلك أنه هو الذي خلق كل شيء . يقول: فإذا كان لا شيء إلا اللهُ خلقه, فأنّى يكون لله ولد، ولم تكن له صاحبة فيكون له منها ولد ؟ القول في تأويل قوله : وَخَلَقَ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ وَهُوَ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلِيمٌ (101) قال أبو جعفر: يقول تعالى ذكره: والله خلق كل شيء، ولا خالق سواه. وكلُّ ما تدَّعون أيها العادلون بالله الأوثان من دونه، خلقُه وعبيده, مِلكًا، كان الذي تدعونه ربًّا وتزعمون أنه له ولد، أو جنيًّا أو إنسيًّا=" وهو بكل شيء عليم "، يقول: والله الذي خلق كل شيء, لا يخفى عليه ما خلق ولا شيء منه, ولا يعزب عنه مثقالُ ذرة في الأرض ولا في السماء, عالم بعددكم وأعمالكم، وأعمال من دعوتموه ربًّا أو لله ولدًا, وهو محصيها عليكم وعليهم، حتى يجازي كلا بعمله . (60) * * * -------------- الهوامش : (59) انظر تفسير (( بديع )) فيما سلف 2 : 540 . (60) انظر تفسير (( عليم )) فيما سلف من فهارس اللغة ( علم )