Tafseer of The Women · An-Nisaa · 4:27
Allah wants to accept your repentance, but those who follow [their] passions want you to digress [into] a great deviation.
Important: The Arabic source text is always authoritative. This translation is a study aid and has not been verified by scholars — do not use it as a basis for religious proof or for deriving rulings (ahkam). When in doubt, always consult the Arabic text and a qualified scholar.
The explanation of His word, mighty and exalted: wa-llāhu yurīdu an yatūba ʿalaykum wa-yurīdu lladhīna yattabiʿūna l-shahawāti an tamīlū maylan ʿaẓīman (27) (And Allah wishes to turn to you in forgiveness, while those who follow their desires wish that you should deviate gravely) (4:27).
Abū Jaʿfar said: By this He means — exalted is His mention —: And Allah wishes to make you return to His obedience and to repentance unto Him, so that He may remit for you what has passed of your sins, and that He may overlook what came from you in your time of ignorance (jāhiliyya), of holding lawful what is forbidden to you, such as marrying the wives of your fathers and your sons, and other matters that you held lawful and committed, of what was not permissible for you to commit of acts of disobedience toward Allah. "While those who follow their desires wish" — He says: and those who pursue the enjoyments of the worldly life and the desires of their souls therein wish "that you should deviate" from the command of Allah, blessed and exalted is He, and turn aside from it by committing what He forbade you and by your perpetration of acts of disobedience toward Him "gravely" — a severe deviation and turning away from Him.
* * *
The scholars of exegesis differed concerning those whom Allah described as those who "follow their desires."
Some of them said: They are the adulterers (the perpetrators of zinā).
Mention of who said that:
9129 - Muḥammad ibn ʿAmr related to me, he said: Abū ʿĀṣim related to us, on the authority of ʿĪsā, on the authority of Ibn Abī Najīḥ, on the authority of Mujāhid concerning His word: "While those who follow their desires wish" — he said: fornication (al-zinā). "That you should deviate gravely" — he said: they wish that you commit fornication.
9130 - Al-Muthannā related to me, he said: Abū Ḥudhayfa related to us, he said: Shibl related to us, on the authority of Ibn Abī Najīḥ, on the authority of Mujāhid: "While those who follow their desires wish that you should deviate gravely" — that you become like them, that you commit fornication as they commit fornication.
9131 - Al-Qāsim related to us, he said: Al-Ḥusayn related to us, he said: Ḥajjāj related to me, on the authority of Ibn Jurayj, on the authority of Mujāhid: "While those who follow their desires wish" — he said: fornication. "That you should deviate gravely" — he said: that the people of Islam commit fornication as they commit fornication. He said: it is of the same nature as: waddū law tudhinu fa-yudhinūn [Surah Al-Qalam: 9] (They wished that you would be soft, so that they too would be soft).
9132 - Abū Kurayb related to us, he said: Yaḥyā ibn Abī Zāʾida related to us, on the authority of Warqāʾ, on the authority of Ibn Abī Najīḥ, on the authority of Mujāhid: "While those who follow their desires wish" — he said: fornication. "That you should deviate" — he said: that you commit fornication.
* * *
And others said: No, rather they are the Jews and the Christians.
Mention of who said that:
9133 - Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥusayn related to us, he said: Aḥmad ibn Mufaḍḍal related to us, he said: Asbāṭ related to us, on the authority of al-Suddī: "While those who follow their desires wish" — he said: they are the Jews and the Christians. "That you should deviate gravely."
* * *
And others said: No, rather they are specifically the Jews, and their wish concerning the Muslims was that the latter would follow their desires in marrying paternal aunts. And that is because they hold the marrying of them lawful. Therefore Allah, blessed and exalted is He, said to the believers: and those who hold lawful the marrying of paternal aunts wish that you should deviate from the truth and hold them lawful as they held them lawful.
* * *
And others said: The meaning of it is: everyone who follows a desire in his religion other than that which is permitted to him.
Mention of who said that:
9134 - Yūnus ibn ʿAbd al-Aʿlā related to me, he said: Ibn Wahb informed us, he said: I heard Ibn Zayd saying concerning His word: "While those who follow their desires wish" — the verse — he said: the people of falsehood and the people of desires in their religion wish that you should deviate gravely in your religion, that you follow the command of their religion and abandon the command of Allah and the command of your religion.
* * *
Abū Jaʿfar said: And the most correct of the statements herein is the statement of the one who said: the meaning of it is: and those who follow the desires of their own souls, of the people of falsehood and the seekers of fornication and the marrying of paternal aunts and other matters that Allah forbade, wish "that you should deviate" from the truth and from what Allah permitted you, so that you turn aside from His obedience to His disobedience, and that you become like them in following the desires of your soul in what Allah forbade, and in abandoning His obedience — "a grave deviation."
And we said only that this is the most correct because Allah, mighty and exalted is He, made it general with His word: "While those who follow their desires wish," and described them with the following of the blameworthy desires of their own souls, and thereby encompassed them all, without describing them with the following of only a portion of the blameworthy desires. When that is so, then the most fitting meaning for the verse is that which its outward sense indicates, and not its hidden meaning for which there is no witness from any foundation of analogy (qiyās). And when that is so, then under "those who follow their desires" fall: the Jews, the Christians, the adulterers, and everyone who follows falsehood. For everyone who follows what Allah forbade him follows the desire of his own soul. And when that is the most fitting interpretation of the verse, then the correctness is confirmed of what we have chosen as the statement in the explanation thereof.