Tabari (1 passage)

1. Full Dutch translation of Tabari's text

   And as a protection against every rebellious satan, so that he may not listen to the highest assembly (al-malaʾ al-aʿlā). The word "in" (an, that) has been omitted, since the wording already indicates it sufficiently, as has been said: كَذَلِكَ سَلَكْنَاهُ فِي قُلُوبِ الْمُجْرِمِينَ * لا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِهِ (Thus have We made it enter into the hearts of the evildoers; they do not believe in it), in the meaning of: so that they do not believe in it. And if instead of "lā" (not) it had been "an," that would have been eloquent, as has been said: يُبَيِّنُ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ أَنْ تَضِلُّوا (Allah makes it clear to you so that you would not go astray), in the meaning of: so that you do not go astray; and as He said: وَأَلْقَى فِي الأَرْضِ رَوَاسِيَ أَنْ تَمِيدَ بِكُمْ (And He has cast firm mountains upon the earth, so that it would not sway with you), in the meaning of: so that it does not sway with you. And the Arabs sometimes, together with "lā," let a jazm (apocopation) follow in such a place in the words, and they say: I tied up the horse, so that it may not escape (lā yanfalit), as a poet of the Banū ʿAqīl said:

   And until we saw the fairest affection between us,

   a mutual cohabitation in which no evildoer does evil (1)

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   The footnotes:

   (1) The verse belongs to the testimonia of al-Farrāʾ in Maʿānī al-Qurʾān (facsimile of the University, p. 271). He said in the explanation of His statement, the Exalted: "lā yasmaʿūn" (they do not hear): ʿAbd Allāh read it with tashdīd, in the meaning of "lā yatasammaʿūn" (they do not listen attentively), and thus Ibn ʿAbbās also read it, and he said: they hear, but they do not listen attentively. Al-Farrāʾ said: and the meaning of "lā" is like His statement "kadhālika salaknāhu fī qulūb al-mujrimīn. lā yuʾminūna bihi"; if instead of "lā" it had been "an," that would have been fitting, as He said: "yubayyinu Allāhu lakum an taḍillū," and as He said: "wa-alqā fī al-arḍi rawāsiya an tamīda bikum." And it is fitting to use the jazm with "lā" according to this meaning. The Arabs say: I tied up the horse, so that it may not escape (lā yanfalit), and I tied up my slave, so that he may not flee (lā yafirr). And he recited from a poet of the Banū ʿAqīl: "wa-ḥattā raʾaynā ... " the verse. And some of them say: lā yaqrif al-sharr (with the rafʿ of the verb). He said: and the rafʿ is the dialect of the people of the Ḥijāz, and with it the Qurʾān has come. End.

   Show original Arabic

   وحفظا من كل شيطان مارد أن لا يسمع إلى الملإ الأعلى، فحذفت " إن " اكتفاء بدلالة الكلام عليها، كما قيل: كَذَلِكَ سَلَكْنَاهُ فِي قُلُوبِ الْمُجْرِمِينَ * لا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِهِ بمعنى: أن لا يؤمنوا به; ولو كان مكان " لا " أن، لكان فصيحا، كما قيل: يُبَيِّنُ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ أَنْ تَضِلُّوا بمعنى: أن لا تضلوا، وكما قال: وَأَلْقَى فِي الأَرْضِ رَوَاسِيَ أَنْ تَمِيدَ بِكُمْ بمعنى: أن لا تميد بكم. والعرب قد تجزم مع " لا " في مثل هذا الموضع من الكلام، فتقول: ربطت الفرس لا يَنْفَلِتْ، كما قال بعض بني &; 21-16 &; عقيل: وحــتى رأينـا أحسـن الـود بيننـا مُســاكنةً لا يقـرِف الشـرَّ قـارفُ (1) ------------------------ الهوامش: (1) البيت من شواهد الفرّاء في معاني القرآن (مصورة الجامعة ص 271 ) قال في تفسير قوله تعالى:" لا يسمعون" قرأها عبد الله بالتشديد، على معنى"لا يتسمعون" وكذلك قرأها ابن عباس، وقال: يسمعون ولا يتسمعون قال الفرّاء: ومعنى"لا" كقوله" كذلك سلكناه في قلوب المجرمين . لا يؤمنون به"، لو كان في موضع"لا""أن" صلح ذلك، كما قال:" يبين الله لكم أن تضلوا" . وكما قال:"وألقى في الأرض رواسي أن تميد بكم" . ويصلح في"لا" على هذا المعنى الجزم. العرب تقول: ربطت الفرس لا ينفلت، وأوثقت عبدي لا يفرر. وأنشد بعض بني عقيل:" وحتى رأينا ... البيت" وبعضهم يقول: لا يقرف الشر (برفع الفعل) قال: والرفع لغة أهل الحجاز، وبذلك جاء القرآن. اهـ.