Tafseer of Yaseen · Yaseen · 36:56
They and their spouses - in shade, reclining on adorned couches.
Important: The Arabic source text is always authoritative. This translation is a study aid and has not been verified by scholars — do not use it as a basis for religious proof or for deriving rulings (ahkam). When in doubt, always consult the Arabic text and a qualified scholar.
The explanation of His statement, the Exalted: هُمْ وَأَزْوَاجُهُمْ فِي ظِلالٍ عَلَى الأَرَائِكِ مُتَّكِئُونَ (They and their spouses are in shades, reclining upon couches) (56).
By His statement هُمْ (they), the Exalted means: the inhabitants of Paradise (janna), وَأَزْوَاجُهُمْ (and their spouses) from among the people of Paradise, in Paradise.
As al-Ḥārith related to me, saying: al-Ḥasan related to us, saying: Wuwwāʾ related to us, on the authority of Ibn Abī Najīḥ, on the authority of Mujāhid, concerning His statement هُمْ وَأَزْوَاجُهُمْ فِي ظِلالٍ (they and their spouses are in shades): he said: their lawful wives in shades.
The Qurʾān reciters differed concerning its reading. Some of them read it فِي ظُلَلٍ , in the meaning of the plural of ẓulla (a canopy/shade), just as ḥulla (a robe) is made plural as ḥulal. Others read it في ظِلالٍ ; and when it is read thus, it has two possible meanings. The first is that what is meant is the plural of al-ẓulal, which has the meaning of shelter (kinn); then the meaning of the word is: they and their spouses are in a shelter in which they are not exposed to the sun as the people of this world are exposed to it, for therein is no sun. The second is that what is meant is the plural of ẓulla; then the manner of its pluralization is like their pluralization of ḫulla (friendship) in abundance: ḫilāl, and of qulla: qilāl.
And His statement عَلَى الأرَائِكِ مُتَّكِئُونَ (upon couches reclining): the arāʾik are the bridal canopies (ḥijāl) in which the couches (suru) and the mattresses (furush) stand; the singular thereof is arīka. Some claimed that every bed is an arīka, and in support of their statement they cited the verse of Dhū al-Rumma:
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As though with the rough ground they touch the touch of the arāʾik (2)
And in the sense of what we have said concerning this, the scholars of exegesis spoke.
* Mention of those who said that:
Yaʿqūb related to me, saying: Hushaym related to us, saying: Ḥuṣayn informed us, on the authority of Mujāhid, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās, concerning His statement عَلَى الأرَائِكِ مُتَّكِئُونَ (upon couches reclining): he said: they are the couches in the bridal canopies.
Hannād related to us, saying: Abū al-Aḥwaṣ related to us, on the authority of Ḥuṣayn, on the authority of Mujāhid, concerning the statement of Allah عَلَى الأرَائِكِ مُتَّكِئُونَ (upon couches reclining): he said: the arāʾik are the couches upon which the bridal canopies stand.
Ibn Bashshār related to us, saying: Muʾammal related to us, saying: Sufyān related to us, saying: Ḥuṣayn related to us, on the authority of Mujāhid, concerning His statement مُتَّكِئِينَ فِيهَا عَلَى الأرَائِكِ (reclining therein upon couches): he said: the arāʾik are the couches in the bridal canopies.
Abū al-Sāʾib related to us, saying: Ibn Idrīs related to us, saying: Ḥuṣayn informed us, on the authority of Mujāhid, concerning His statement عَلَى الأرَائِكِ (upon couches): he said: couches upon which the bridal canopies stand.
Ibn ʿAbd al-Aʿlā related to us, saying: al-Muʿtamir related to us, on the authority of his father, saying: Muḥammad claimed that ʿIkrima said: the arāʾik are the couches in the bridal canopies.
Yaʿqūb related to me, saying: Ibn ʿUlayya related to us, on the authority of Abū Rajāʾ, saying: I heard al-Ḥasan, while a man was asking him about the arāʾik, say: they are the bridal canopies; the people of Yemen say: the arīka of so-and-so. And I heard ʿIkrima, when he was asked about it, say: they are the bridal canopies upon the couches.
Bishr related to us, saying: Yazīd related to us, saying: Saʿīd related to us, on the authority of Qatāda عَلَى الأرَائِكِ مُتَّكِئُونَ (upon couches reclining): he said: they are the bridal canopies in which the couches stand.