Tabari (1 passage)

1. Full Dutch translation of Tabari's text

   The explanation of the saying of the Exalted: O you who believe, when you marry the believing women and then divorce them before you have touched them, then there is no waiting period (ʿiddah) incumbent upon them for you that you should count off; so give them a gift and release them in a comely manner (49)

   The Exalted, whose praise is sublime, says: O you who have held Allāh and His Messenger to be true (when you marry the believing women and then divorce them before you have touched them) — that is: before you have had sexual intercourse with them (then there is no waiting period incumbent upon them for you that you should count off) — that is: no counting of menstrual periods, nor of months, that you should reckon against them. (So give them a gift): He says: give them that of which they may enjoy benefit, in goods or in cash. And His words (and release them in a comely manner): He says: and clear the way for them in a proper manner, and that is the comely release.

   And in accordance with what we have said concerning this, the scholars of exegesis have spoken.

   * Mention of who said that:

   ʿAlī related to us, saying: ʿAbd Allāh related to us, saying: Muʿāwiya related to me, on the authority of ʿAlī, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās, concerning His words (O you who believe, when you marry the believing women and then divorce them before you have touched them, then there is no waiting period incumbent upon them for you that you should count off): This concerns the man who marries a woman and then divorces her before he has touched her. When he divorces her once, she is separated from him, and there is no waiting period incumbent upon her; she may marry whomever she wishes. Then he recited (so give them a gift and release them in a comely manner); he said: If he has fixed a bridal payment (ṣadāq) for her, then only the half of it is due to her; and if he has not fixed a bridal payment for her, then he gives her a gift according to the measure of his poverty and his affluence, and that is the comely release.

   And some said: The gift in this place is abrogated (mansūkha) by His words: then the half of what you have stipulated.

   * Mention of who said that:

   Bishr related to us, saying: Yazīd related to us, saying: Saʿīd related to us, on the authority of Qatāda, concerning His words (O you who believe, when you marry the believing women ...) up to His words (in a comely manner), he said: Saʿīd ibn al-Musayyab said: Then this verse abrogated the gift: And if you divorce them before you have touched them, while you had already stipulated an obligatory portion for them, then the half of what you have stipulated.

   Ibn Bashshār and Ibn al-Muthannā related to us, both of them saying: Muḥammad ibn Jaʿfar related to us, saying: Shuʿba related to us, saying: I heard Qatāda transmit on the authority of Saʿīd ibn al-Musayyab, he said: This verse was abrogated (O you who believe, when you marry the believing women and then divorce them before you have touched them, then there is no waiting period incumbent upon them for you that you should count off); he said: This verse abrogated the verse that is in al-Baqara.

   Show original Arabic

   القول في تأويل قوله تعالى : يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذَا نَكَحْتُمُ الْمُؤْمِنَاتِ ثُمَّ طَلَّقْتُمُوهُنَّ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ تَمَسُّوهُنَّ فَمَا لَكُمْ عَلَيْهِنَّ مِنْ عِدَّةٍ تَعْتَدُّونَهَا فَمَتِّعُوهُنَّ وَسَرِّحُوهُنَّ سَرَاحًا جَمِيلا (49) يقول تعالى ذكره: يا أيها الذين صدقوا الله ورسوله ( إِذَا نَكَحْتُمُ الْمُؤْمِنَاتِ ثُمَّ طَلَّقْتُمُوهُنَّ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ تَمَسُّوهُنَّ ) يعني: من قبل أن تجامعوهن ( فَمَا لَكُمْ عَلَيْهِنَّ مِنْ عِدَّةٍ تَعْتَدُّونَهَا ) يعني من إحصاء أقراء، ولا أشهر تحصونها عليهن؛(فَمَتِّعُوهُنَّ) يقول: أعطوهن ما يستمتعن به من عرض أو عين مال. وقوله ( وَسَرِّحُوهُنَّ سَرَاحًا جَمِيلا ) يقول: وخلوا سبيلهن تخلية بالمعروف، وهو التسريح الجميل. وبنحو الذي قلنا في ذلك قال أهل التأويل. * ذكر من قال ذلك: حدثنا علي، قال: ثنا عبد الله، قال: ثني معاوية، عن علي، عن ابن عباس قوله ( يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذَا نَكَحْتُمُ الْمُؤْمِنَاتِ ثُمَّ طَلَّقْتُمُوهُنَّ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ تَمَسُّوهُنَّ فَمَا لَكُمْ عَلَيْهِنَّ مِنْ عِدَّةٍ تَعْتَدُّونَهَا ) فهذا في الرجل يتزوج المرأة، ثم يطلقها من قبل أن يمسها، فإذا طلقها واحدة بانت منه، ولا عدة عليها تتزوج من شاءت، ثم قرأ ( فَمَتِّعُوهُنَّ وَسَرِّحُوهُنَّ سَرَاحًا جَمِيلا ) يقول: إن كان سمى لها صداقا، فليس لها إلا النصف، فإن لم يكن سمى لها صداقا، متعها على قدر عسره ويسره، وهو السراح الجميل. وقال بعضهم: المتعة في هذا الموضع منسوخة بقوله فَنِصْفُ مَا فَرَضْتُمْ . * ذكر من قال ذلك: حدثنا بشر، قال: ثنا يزيد، قال: ثنا سعيد، عن قتادة قوله ( يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذَا نَكَحْتُمُ الْمُؤْمِنَاتِ ...) إلى قوله (سَرَاحًا جَمِيلا) قال: قال سعيد بن المسيب: ثم نسخ هذا الحرف المتعة وَإِنْ طَلَّقْتُمُوهُنَّ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ تَمَسُّوهُنَّ وَقَدْ فَرَضْتُمْ لَهُنَّ فَرِيضَةً فَنِصْفُ مَا فَرَضْتُمْ . حدثنا ابن بشار وابن المثنى، قالا ثنا محمد بن جعفر، قال: ثنا شعبة، &; 20-284 &; قال: سمعت قتادة يحدث عن سعيد بن المسيب، قال: نسخت هذه الآية ( يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذَا نَكَحْتُمُ الْمُؤْمِنَاتِ ثُمَّ طَلَّقْتُمُوهُنَّ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ تَمَسُّوهُنَّ فَمَا لَكُمْ عَلَيْهِنَّ مِنْ عِدَّةٍ تَعْتَدُّونَهَا ) قال: نسخت هذه الآية التي في البقرة .