Tafseer of The Poets · Ash-Shu'araa · 26:199
And he had recited it to them [perfectly], they would [still] not have been believers in it.
Important: The Arabic source text is always authoritative. This translation is a study aid and has not been verified by scholars — do not use it as a basis for religious proof or for deriving rulings (ahkam). When in doubt, always consult the Arabic text and a qualified scholar.
Ibn al-Muthannā related to us, saying: ʿAbd al-Aʿlā related to us, saying: Dāwūd related to us, on the authority of Muḥammad ibn Abī Mūsā, who said: "I was standing beside ʿAbdallāh ibn Muṭīʿ on the plain of ʿArafa, and he recited this verse: وَلَوْ نَزَّلْنَاهُ عَلَى بَعْضِ الأَعْجَمِينَ فَقَرَأَهُ عَلَيْهِمْ مَا كَانُوا بِهِ مُؤْمِنِينَ . He said: 'Had it descended upon my camel here and had it spoken it forth, they would not have believed in it. لَقَالُوا لَوْلَا فُصِّلَتْ آيَاتُهُ — so that both Arab and non-Arab would understand it — had We done that.'"
Abū Kurayb related to us, saying: Ibn Idrīs related to us, saying: I heard Dāwūd ibn Abī Hind, on the authority of Muḥammad ibn Abī Mūsā, who said: "ʿAbdallāh ibn Muṭīʿ stood on the plain of ʿArafa and recited this verse: وَلَوْ نَزَّلْنَاهُ عَلَى بَعْضِ الأَعْجَمِينَ فَقَرَأَهُ عَلَيْهِمْ مَا كَانُوا بِهِ مُؤْمِنِينَ . He said: 'My camel is aʿjam — had it been sent down upon this one, they would not have believed in it.'"
And from Qatāda there has been related in this connection what al-Ḥasan related to us, saying: ʿAbd al-Razzāq informed us, saying: Maʿmar informed us, on the authority of Qatāda: وَلَوْ نَزَّلْنَاهُ عَلَى بَعْضِ الأَعْجَمِينَ — he said: "Had Allah sent it down in a non-Arabic tongue, they would have been the greatest losers, for they do not know the non-Arabic tongue."
But that which we have mentioned from Qatāda is a position without foundation, for he explained the text as though the meaning were: "had We sent it down in a non-Arabic tongue," whereas the revelation reads: وَلَوْ نَزَّلْنَاهُ عَلَى بَعْضِ الأَعْجَمِينَ — that is to say: "had We sent down this Arabic Qurʾān upon a beast among the mute creatures, or upon a creature that does not speak eloquently" — and it does not say: "had We sent it down in a non-Arabic tongue." So that the explanation of the text would not be what he has said.
His word فَقَرَأَهُ عَلَيْهِمْ — He says: "and had that mute creature recited this to the unbelievers of your people, O Muḥammad, for whom it has been decreed that they will not believe" — they would not have believed in it. He says: they would not have come to faith, because of the misfortune that had already been ordained for them in My foreknowledge. This is a consolation from Allah to His Prophet Muḥammad ﷺ, so that the grief over their turning away and their refusal to listen to the Qurʾān would not overwhelm him — for he ﷺ longed intensely that they would accept it and enter into that to which he called them, so that his Lord reproached him over the intensity of his longing for that, and said to him: لَعَلَّكَ بَاخِعٌ نَفْسَكَ أَلَّا يَكُونُوا مُؤْمِنِينَ . Then Allah causes him to despair of their belief and announces that they will perish through one of His chastisements, just as certain peoples perished whose stories He has told in this Sūra. "And had We sent it down, O Muḥammad, upon one of the Aʿjamīn and not upon you — for you are one of them — and were they to say: 'You are only a mortal like us, and why has no angel been sent down with you?' — had that non-Arab person recited this to them, and had they no longer any pretext to claim that it is the truth and a revelation from Me, they would still not have believed in it. So lessen your longing for their belief." Then Allah, Whose praise is exalted, confirms the message concerning what He has decreed for these polytheists (mushrikīn) — for whom He has stripped His Prophet Muḥammad ﷺ of all hope of belief — by saying: "Just as We have decreed for these that they do not believe in this Qurʾān وَلَوْ نَزَّلْنَاهُ عَلَى بَعْضِ الأَعْجَمِينَ فَقَرَأَهُ عَلَيْهِمْ كَذَلِكَ سَلَكْنَاهُ — the denial and the disbelief فِي قُلُوبِ الْمُجْرِمِينَ ." By His word سَلَكْنَا He means: "We have implanted it," and the pronoun in سَلَكْنَاهُ refers back to His word مَا كَانُوا بِهِ مُؤْمِنِينَ , as though it were said: "Thus have We implanted in the hearts of the criminals the abandonment of belief in this Qurʾān."
And in accordance with what we have said concerning this, the exegetes spoke.
* Mention of who said this: *
Al-Qāsim related to us, saying: al-Ḥusayn related to us, saying: Ḥajjāj related to me, on the authority of Ibn Jurayj.