Tabari (1 passage)

1. Full Dutch translation of Tabari's text

   …the men لَتَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الْمُخْرَجِينَ (you shall surely be among those who are driven out) — from our midst and from our city.

   قَالَ إِنِّي لِعَمَلِكُمْ مِنَ الْقَالِينَ (He said: Indeed, I am among those who detest your deed). Lūṭ says to them: indeed, with respect to your deed which you commit — coming to the men in their hinder parts — I am among al-qālīn, that is to say: among those who detest it and who reject his deed.

   The explanation of the words of the Exalted: رَبِّ نَجِّنِي وَأَهْلِي مِمَّا يَعْمَلُونَ (١٦٩) فَنَجَّيْنَاهُ وَأَهْلَهُ أَجْمَعِينَ (١٧٠) إِلَّا عَجُوزًا فِي الْغَابِرِينَ (١٧١) (My Lord, save me and my family from what they do (26:169). So We saved him and his family all together (26:170), except an old woman among those who remained behind (26:171)).

   The Exalted, whose praise is sublime, says: Lūṭ called for help when his people threatened him with expulsion from their city if he did not cease forbidding them from committing the abomination, and he said: رَبِّ نَجِّنِي وَأَهْلِي (My Lord, save me and my family) from Your punishment of them for what they do — coming to the men. فَنَجَّيْنَاهُ وَأَهْلَهُ (So We saved him and his family) from Our punishment with which We punished the people of Lūṭ, أَجْمَعِينَ إِلَّا عَجُوزًا فِي الْغَابِرِينَ (all together, except an old woman among those who remained behind), that is to say: among those who stayed behind. Because many years had passed over her, she had become extremely aged. She was destroyed from among the family of Lūṭ, because she used to point her people to the guests.

   And it has also been said: it was only said "among those who remained behind" because she did not perish together with her people in their city, but rather the stone struck her only after she had departed from their city together with Lūṭ and his two daughters. Thus she was among those who remained behind after her people, and then Allah destroyed her by means of that which He rained down as stones upon the remnants of the people of Lūṭ. We have already explained that earlier, with the evidences that make it unnecessary to repeat it.

   The explanation of the words of the Exalted: ثُمَّ دَمَّرْنَا الْآخَرِينَ (١٧٢) وَأَمْطَرْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ مَطَرًا فَسَاءَ مَطَرُ الْمُنْذَرِينَ (١٧٣) إِنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ لَآيَةً وَمَا كَانَ أَكْثَرُهُمْ مُؤْمِنِينَ (١٧٤) وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الرَّحِيمُ (١٧٥) (Then We destroyed the others (26:172). And We rained upon them a rain; and evil was the rain of those who had been warned (26:173). Indeed, in that is surely a sign, but most of them were not believers (26:174). And indeed, your Lord, He is truly the Almighty, the Most Merciful (26:175)).

   The Exalted, whose praise is sublime, says: Then We destroyed the others of the people of Lūṭ by annihilation. وَأَمْطَرْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ مَطَرًا (And We rained upon them a rain) — and that was that Allah sent down upon them stones of baked clay (sijjīl) from the sky. فَسَاءَ مَطَرُ الْمُنْذَرِينَ (And evil was the rain of those who had been warned). He says: and evil was that rain — the rain of the people whose prophet had warned them, after which they declared him a liar. إِنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ لَآيَةً (Indeed, in that is surely a sign). The Exalted, whose praise is sublime, says: indeed, in Our destruction of the people of Lūṭ — the destruction which We have described — on account of their denial of Our messenger, there is surely a lesson and an admonition for your people, O Muḥammad, that they may take admonition thereby regarding their denial of you and their rejection toward you of that which you have brought them from your Lord of the truth. وَمَا كَانَ أَكْثَرُهُمْ مُؤْمِنِينَ (But most of them were not believers) in the foreknowledge of Allah. وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الرَّحِيمُ (And indeed, your Lord, He is truly the Almighty, the Most Merciful) toward whoever believes in Him.

   The explanation of the words of the Exalted: كَذَّبَ أَصْحَابُ الْأَيْكَةِ الْمُرْسَلِينَ (The dwellers of al-Ayka denied the messengers)…

   Show original Arabic

   الذكران (لَتَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الْمُخْرَجِينَ) من بين أظهرنا وبلدنا. (قَالَ إِنِّي لِعَمَلِكُمْ مِنَ الْقَالِينَ) يقول لهم لوط: إني لعملكم الذي تعملونه من إتيان الذكران في أدبارهم من القالين، يعني من المبغضين، المنكرين فعله. القول في تأويل قوله تعالى: ﴿رَبِّ نَجِّنِي وَأَهْلِي مِمَّا يَعْمَلُونَ (١٦٩) فَنَجَّيْنَاهُ وَأَهْلَهُ أَجْمَعِينَ (١٧٠) إِلا عَجُوزًا فِي الْغَابِرِينَ (١٧١)﴾ يقول تعالى ذكره: فاستغاث لوط حين توعده قومه بالإخراج من بلدهم إن هو لم ينته عن نهيهم عن ركوب الفاحشة، فقال (رَبِّ نَجِّنِي وَأَهْلِي) من عقوبتك إياهم على ما يعملون من إتيان الذكران. (فَنَجَّيْنَاهُ وَأَهْلَهُ) من عقوبتنا التي عاقبنا بها قوم لوط (أَجْمَعِينَ إِلا عَجُوزًا فِي الْغَابِرِينَ) يعني في الباقين، لطول مرور السنين عليها، فصارت هرمة، فإنها أهلكت من بين أهل لوط، لأنها كانت تدلّ قومها على الأضياف. وقد قيل: إنما قيل من الغابرين لأنها لم تهلك مع قومها في قريتهم، وأنها إنما أصابها الحجر بعد ما خرجت عن قريتهم مع لوط وابنتيه، فكانت من الغابرين بعد قومها، ثم أهلكها الله بما أمطر على بقايا قوم لوط من الحجارة، وقد بيَّنا ذلك فيما مضى بشواهده المغنية عن إعادتها. القول في تأويل قوله تعالى: ﴿ثُمَّ دَمَّرْنَا الآخَرِينَ (١٧٢) وَأَمْطَرْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ مَطَرًا فَسَاءَ مَطَرُ الْمُنْذَرِينَ (١٧٣) إِنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ لآيَةً وَمَا كَانَ أَكْثَرُهُمْ مُؤْمِنِينَ (١٧٤) وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الرَّحِيمُ (١٧٥)﴾ يقول تعالى ذكره: ثم أهلكنا الآخرين من قوم لوط بالتدمير. (وَأَمْطَرْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ مَطَرًا) وذلك إرسال الله عليهم حجارة من سجيل من السماء. (فَسَاءَ مَطَرُ الْمُنْذَرِينَ) يقول: فبئس ذلك المطر مطر القوم الذين أنذرهم نبيهم فكذّبوه. (إِنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ لآيَةً) يقول تعالى ذكره: إن في إهلاكنا قوم لوط الهلاك الذي وصفنا بتكذيبهم رسولنا، لعبرة وموعظة لقومك يا محمد، يتعظون بها في تكذيبهم إياك، وردهم عليك ما جئتهم به من عند ربك من الحقّ (وَمَا كَانَ أَكْثَرُهُمْ مُؤْمِنِينَ) في سابق علم الله (وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الرَّحِيمُ) بمن آمن به القول في تأويل قوله تعالى: ﴿كَذَّبَ أَصْحَابُ الأيْكَةِ الْمُرْسَلِينَ