Tafseer of Taa-Haa · Taa-Haa · 20:131
And do not extend your eyes toward that by which We have given enjoyment to [some] categories of them, [its being but] the splendor of worldly life by which We test them. And the provision of your Lord is better and more enduring.
Important: The Arabic source text is always authoritative. This translation is a study aid and has not been verified by scholars — do not use it as a basis for religious proof or for deriving rulings (ahkam). When in doubt, always consult the Arabic text and a qualified scholar.
The explanation of the word of Allah, the Exalted: وَلا تَمُدَّنَّ عَيْنَيْكَ إِلَى مَا مَتَّعْنَا بِهِ أَزْوَاجًا مِنْهُمْ زَهْرَةَ الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا لِنَفْتِنَهُمْ فِيهِ وَرِزْقُ رَبِّكَ خَيْرٌ وَأَبْقَى (And do not extend your eyes toward that which We have given for enjoyment to certain categories of them—the flower of the worldly life—so that We may test them thereby. The provision of your Lord is better and more enduring.) (131)
Allah, exalted be His praise, says to His Prophet Muḥammad ﷺ: Do not extend your eyes toward what We have given for enjoyment to the likes and counterparts of these who turn away from the signs of their Lord in their worldly life, with which they take pleasure—the blooming and glittering joys of the world— لِنَفْتِنَهُمْ فِيهِ —He says: so that We may test and try them with what We have given them for enjoyment, for it is perishable and passing, a delusion and deception that vanishes. وَرِزْقُ رَبِّكَ —the provision which your Lord has promised to give you in the Hereafter until you are satisfied, namely His reward for you— خَيْرٌ —is better for you than what We have given them for enjoyment of the flower of the worldly life— وَأَبْقَى —He says: and more enduring, for there is no interruption and no exhaustion attached to it.
It has been mentioned that this verse was revealed to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ because the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had sent a messenger to a Jew to borrow food from him, but the Jew refused to lend to him unless a pledge was given.
Mention of who said that:
Ibn Wakīʿ related to us, saying: My father related to us, on the authority of Mūsā ibn ʿUbayda, on the authority of Yazīd ibn ʿAbdullāh ibn Qusayṭ, on the authority of Abū Rāfiʿ, who said: "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent me to a Jew to borrow from him; but he refused to give him unless there was a pledge. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was grieved, and Allah revealed: وَلا تَمُدَّنَّ عَيْنَيْكَ إِلَى مَا مَتَّعْنَا بِهِ أَزْوَاجًا مِنْهُمْ زَهْرَةَ الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا ."
Al-Qāsim related to us, saying: Al-Ḥusayn related to us, saying: Muḥammad ibn Kathīr related to us, on the authority of ʿAbdullāh ibn Wāqid, on the authority of Yaʿqūb ibn Yazīd, on the authority of Abū Rāfiʿ, who said: "A guest was staying with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He sent me to a Jew in Medina to borrow from him. I went to him, but he said: 'I will not lend to him unless there is a pledge.' I reported this to him, and he said: 'I am a trustworthy and faithful one (amīn) among the inhabitants of heaven and among the inhabitants of the earth—take my armor to him.' Then was revealed: وَلَقَدْ آتَيْنَاكَ سَبْعًا مِنَ الْمَثَانِي وَالْقُرْآنَ الْعَظِيمَ and His word وَلا تَمُدَّنَّ عَيْنَيْكَ إِلَى مَا مَتَّعْنَا بِهِ أَزْوَاجًا مِنْهُمْ زَهْرَةَ الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا up to His word وَالْعَاقِبَةُ لِلتَّقْوَى ." By His word أَزْوَاجًا مِنْهُمْ He means: men of like kind and rank from among them. By زَهْرَةَ الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا He means: the adornments and the splendor of the worldly life.
As Bishr related to us, saying: Yazīd related to us, saying: Saʿīd related to us, on the authority of Qatāda, concerning His word زَهْرَةَ الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا : that is, the adornments of the worldly life. زَهْرَةَ الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا stands in the accusative as an extraction (khurūj) from the pronominal suffix بِهِ in His word مَتَّعْنَا بِهِ —as one says: "I passed by him, the noble, the generous," where "the noble, the generous" stands in the accusative on the basis of the verb "I passed." Likewise His word إِلَى مَا مَتَّعْنَا بِهِ أَزْوَاجًا مِنْهُمْ زَهْرَةَ الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا stands in the accusative on the basis of the verb, with the meaning: We gave them for enjoyment the flower and the adornments of the worldly life. Al-Farrāʾ mentioned that a representative of the tribe Banū Fuqʿus recited to him the following verse:
"Is it, after him who lies by the back of Kawākib, bound in a grave of dust and rock?"
with رَهِينَةَ (bound) in the accusative as an extraction from the verb in أَبَعْدَ الَّذِي بِالسَّفْحِ (is it after him who lies at the foot [of the mountain]). This is, without doubt, weaker as a governing element for the accusative than His word مَتَّعْنَا بِهِ أَزْوَاجًا مِنْهُمْ , because the governing element for the noun—namely رَهِينَةَ —is a preposition that governs a genitive, not an accusative.
And in accordance with what we have said concerning this, the scholars of tafsīr also spoke.
Mention of who said that:
Bishr related to us, saying: Yazīd related to us, saying: Saʿīd related to us, on the authority of Qatāda, concerning His word لِنَفْتِنَهُمْ فِيهِ : he said: "So that We may try them thereby." وَرِزْقُ رَبِّكَ خَيْرٌ وَأَبْقَى : "Than what We have given these people of this world for enjoyment."