Tafseer of Taa-Haa · Taa-Haa · 20:1
Ta, Ha.
Important: The Arabic source text is always authoritative. This translation is a study aid and has not been verified by scholars — do not use it as a basis for religious proof or for deriving rulings (ahkam). When in doubt, always consult the Arabic text and a qualified scholar.
The exposition of the interpretation of the word of Allah the Exalted: طه (20:1)
Abū Jaʿfar Muḥammad ibn Jarīr says: the exegetes differed concerning the interpretation of His words (طَهَ). Some of them said: its meaning is: "O man."
* Mention of those who said this:
Ibn Ḥumayd related to us, saying: Abū Tumayla related to us, on the authority of al-Ḥasan ibn Wāqid, on the authority of Yazīd al-Naḥwī, on the authority of ʿIkrima, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās: "Ṭāhā" in Nabataean: O man.
Muḥammad ibn Saʿd related to me, saying: my father related to me, saying: my uncle related to me, saying: my father related to me, on the authority of his father, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās, concerning the words طه مَا أَنـزلْنَا عَلَيْكَ الْقُرْآنَ لِتَشْقَى (Ṭāhā — We have not sent down the Qurʾān upon you that you should be wretched): his people said: "this man has wearied himself for his Lord." Whereupon Allah the Exalted — exalted be His praise — revealed (طَهَ), that is to say: "O man" — مَا أَنـزلْنَا عَلَيْكَ الْقُرْآنَ لِتَشْقَى (We have not sent down the Qurʾān upon you that you should be wretched).
Al-Qāsim related to me, saying: al-Ḥusayn related to us, saying: Ḥajjāj related to me, on the authority of Ibn Jurayj, who said: ʿAbdallāh ibn Muslim — or Yaʿlā ibn Muslim — informed me, on the authority of Saʿīd ibn Jubayr, that he said: "Ṭāhā" is in Syriac: O man.
Ibn Jurayj said: Zamʿa ibn Ṣāliḥ informed me, on the authority of Salama ibn Wahrām, on the authority of ʿIkrima, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās: the same. Ibn Jurayj said: and Mujāhid said that too.
ʿImrān ibn Mūsā al-Qazzāz related to us, saying: ʿAbd al-Wārith ibn Saʿīd related to us, saying: ʿUmāra related to us, on the authority of ʿIkrima, concerning the words (طَهَ): he said: O man — he addressed him in Nabataean.
Ibn Ḥumayd related to us, saying: Yaḥyā ibn Wāḍiḥ related to us, saying: ʿAbdallāh related to us, on the authority of ʿIkrima, concerning the words (طَهَ): he said: in Nabataean: O man.
Muḥammad ibn Bashshār related to us, saying: Abū ʿĀṣim related to us, on the authority of Qurra ibn Khālid, on the authority of al-Ḍaḥḥāk, concerning the words (طَهَ): he said: O man in Nabataean.
Muḥammad ibn Bashshār related to us, saying: ʿAbd al-Raḥmān related to us, saying: Sufyān related to us, on the authority of Ḥuṣayn, on the authority of ʿIkrima, concerning the words (طَهَ): he said: O man.
Bishr related to us, saying: Yazīd related to us, saying: Saʿīd related to us, on the authority of Qatāda, concerning the words (طَهَ): he said: O man — and that is in Syriac.
Al-Ḥasan related to us, saying: ʿAbd al-Razzāq informed us, saying: Maʿmar informed us, on the authority of Qatāda and al-Ḥasan, concerning the words (طَهَ): they both said: O man.
It was related to me on the authority of al-Ḥusayn, saying: I heard Abū Muʿādh saying: ʿUbayd — that is, Ibn Sulaymān — informed us, saying: I heard al-Ḍaḥḥāk saying concerning the words (طَهَ): he said: O man.
Others said: it is one of the names of Allah, and an oath by which Allah has sworn.
* Mention of those who said this:
ʿAlī related to me, saying: ʿAbdallāh related to us, saying: Muʿāwiya related to me, on the authority of ʿAlī, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās, concerning the words (طَهَ): he said: it is an oath by which Allah has sworn, and it is one of the names of Allah.
Yet others said: they are disconnected letters of the alphabet.
Yet others said: they are separate letters, each letter of which points to a meaning — and they differed concerning that just as they differed over الم .
We have discussed and expounded that elsewhere together with its proofs.
The most correct of the statements in my view is the statement of him who said: its meaning is "O man," for it is a word well known among ʿAkk — according to what has been related to me — and its meaning among them is: "O man." The following verse of Mutammim ibn Nuwayra was cited to me:
"I called Ṭāhā in the battle (qitāl), but he did not answer, and I feared that he had fled."
And another said:
"Truly frivolity, Ṭāhā, is among your character traits — may Allah grant no blessing to the accursed people."
When that is known among them as we have mentioned, it is obligatory to direct its interpretation toward that which is current and well known among them, and especially when that agrees with the interpretation of the scholars (ʿulamāʾ) among the Companions (ṣaḥāba) and the Successors (tābiʿūn).
The interpretation of the text is thus: "O man — We have not sent down the Qurʾān upon you that you should be wretched; We have not sent it down upon you and burdened you thereby with what is beyond your strength." And it has been related that this was said to him on account of the toil, the exertion, and the night vigils he experienced in the night prayer.
* Mention of those who said this: