Tabari

Tafseer of The Night Journey · Al-Israa · 17:73

وَإِن كَادُوا۟ لَيَفْتِنُونَكَ عَنِ ٱلَّذِىٓ أَوْحَيْنَآ إِلَيْكَ لِتَفْتَرِىَ عَلَيْنَا غَيْرَهُۥ ۖ وَإِذًۭا لَّٱتَّخَذُوكَ خَلِيلًۭا

And indeed, they were about to tempt you away from that which We revealed to you in order to [make] you invent about Us something else; and then they would have taken you as a friend.

Important: The Arabic source text is always authoritative. This translation is a study aid and has not been verified by scholars — do not use it as a basis for religious proof or for deriving rulings (ahkam). When in doubt, always consult the Arabic text and a qualified scholar.

Tabari (1 passage)

  1. Full Dutch translation of Tabari's text

    The exegetes differed concerning the temptation (fitna) by which the polytheists (mushrikīn) nearly turned the Prophet of Allah ﷺ away from that which Allah had revealed to him toward something else. Some said: it was the approaching of the idols, for the polytheists were calling him to that, and the Prophet of Allah ﷺ had nearly gone along with it.

    — Mention of those who said that:

    Ibn Ḥumayd related to us, saying: Yaʿqūb al-Qummī related to us, on the authority of Jaʿfar, on the authority of Saʿīd, who said: The Prophet of Allah ﷺ used to touch the Black Stone, but Quraysh prevented him from this and said: We will not let him alone until he approaches our idols. He spoke to himself and said: "As for me, I am willing to approach them now that they permit me to touch the Stone — and Allah knows that I detest it." But Allah refused this and revealed: وَإِنْ كَادُوا لَيَفْتِنُونَكَ عَنِ الَّذِي أَوْحَيْنَا إِلَيْكَ لِتَفْتَرِيَ عَلَيْنَا غَيْرَهُ — the entire verse.

    Bishr related to us, saying: Yazīd related to us, saying: Saʿīd related to us, on the authority of Qatāda, concerning وَلَوْلا أَنْ ثَبَّتْنَاكَ لَقَدْ كِدْتَ تَرْكَنُ إِلَيْهِمْ شَيْئًا قَلِيلا : it has been related to us that Quraysh spoke with the Prophet of Allah ﷺ one night until the morning; they flattered him, exalted him, and showed themselves agreeable to him. Among their words was: "You bring something that no one among the people brings, and you are our master and the son of our master." They kept speaking with him until he nearly gave in to them — but Allah restrained him and protected him from that, and said: وَلَوْلا أَنْ ثَبَّتْنَاكَ لَقَدْ كِدْتَ تَرْكَنُ إِلَيْهِمْ شَيْئًا قَلِيلا .

    Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Aʿlā related to us, saying: Muḥammad ibn Thawr related to us, on the authority of Maʿmar, on the authority of Qatāda, concerning لِتَفْتَرِيَ عَلَيْنَا غَيْرَهُ : he said: they surrounded him for a whole night and said: "You are our master and the son of our master." They wished to bring him to do something of what they wanted, and he had nearly gone along with them in a part of what they wanted — but Allah protected him. That is the word of Allah لَقَدْ كِدْتَ تَرْكَنُ إِلَيْهِمْ شَيْئًا قَلِيلا — what they wanted and toward which he nearly went.

    Al-Qāsim related to us, saying: al-Ḥasan related to us, saying: Ḥajjāj related to me, on the authority of Ibn Jurayj, on the authority of Mujāhid, who said: they said to him: "Come to our idols and touch them!" — that is what is meant by His word شَيْئًا قَلِيلا .

    Others said: it was about the Prophet of Allah ﷺ intending to grant a people a delay for their conversion until a term they had requested.

    — Mention of those who said that:

    Muḥammad ibn Saʿd related to me, saying: my father related to me, saying: my uncle related to me, saying: my father related to me, on the authority of his father, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās, concerning His word وَإِنْ كَادُوا لَيَفْتِنُونَكَ عَنِ الَّذِي أَوْحَيْنَا إِلَيْكَ لِتَفْتَرِيَ عَلَيْنَا غَيْرَهُ وَإِذًا لاتَّخَذُوكَ خَلِيلا : that was because the tribe of Thaqīf had said to the Prophet ﷺ: "O Messenger of Allah, grant us a year's delay so that the offerings for our idols may be brought; then, when we receive what has been bestowed upon our idols, we will take it, and then we will convert to Islam and break the idols." The Prophet of Allah ﷺ was nearly willing to permit them this and to grant them the delay. Whereupon Allah said: وَلَوْلا أَنْ ثَبَّتْنَاكَ لَقَدْ كِدْتَ تَرْكَنُ إِلَيْهِمْ شَيْئًا قَلِيلا .

    The most correct view concerning this is that one says: Allah, exalted be His mention, informed concerning His prophet ﷺ that the polytheists (mushrikīn) nearly turned him away from that which Allah had revealed to him in order to do something else with it — and that is the fabricating of lies against Allah. It is possible that this was what has been related from them, that they invited him to approach the idols and touch them; it is also possible that it was what has been related from Ibn ʿAbbās concerning the affair of Thaqīf and their request; and it is possible that it was something else. There is, neither in the Book nor in any narration that closes off the proof, any further indication of which of those cases it was, and there is difference of opinion as we have mentioned. The most correct thing, then, is to believe in its outward meaning, until there comes a narration that one must accept clarifying what is meant by it.

    And His word وَإِذًا لاتَّخَذُوكَ خَلِيلا — Allah, exalted be His mention, says: and had you done what they invited you to do — namely, the turning away from what We have revealed to you — then they would have taken you as a friend (khalīl) for themselves, and you would have been allies of one another.

    Show original Arabic
    اختلف أهل التأويل في الفتنة التي كاد المشركون أن يفتنوا رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم بها عن الذي أوحى الله إليه إلى غيره، فقال بعضهم: ذلك الإلمام بالآلهة، لأن المشركين دعوه إلى ذلك، فهم به رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم. * ذكر من قال ذلك: حدثنا ابن حميد، قال: ثنا يعقوب القُمِّي، عن جعفر، عن سعيد، قال: كان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يستلم الحجر الأسود، فمنعته قريش، وقالوا: لا ندَعُه حتى يلم بآلهتنا، فحدّث نفسه، وقال: ما عَلَيَّ أنْ أُلِمَّ بِها بَعْدَ أنْ يَدَعُونِي أسْتَلِمُ الحَجَرَ، وَالله يَعْلَمُ أنّي لَهَا كارهٌ، فَأَبى الله، فَأَنـزلَ الله ( وَإِنْ كَادُوا لَيَفْتِنُونَكَ عَنِ الَّذِي أَوْحَيْنَا إِلَيْكَ لِتَفْتَرِيَ عَلَيْنَا غَيْرَهُ ) الآية. حدثنا بشر، قال: ثنا يزيد، قال: ثنا سعيد، عن قتادة وَلَوْلا أَنْ ثَبَّتْنَاكَ لَقَدْ كِدْتَ تَرْكَنُ إِلَيْهِمْ شَيْئًا قَلِيلا ذكر لنا أن قريشا خلوا برسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ذات ليلة إلى الصبح يكلمونه ويفخمونه ويسوّدونه ويقاربونه، وكان في قولهم أن قالوا: إنك تأتي بشيء لا يأتي به أحد من الناس، وأنت سيدنا وابن سيدنا، فما زالوا يكلِّمونه حتى كاد أن يقارفهم (4) ثم منعه الله وعصمه من ذلك، فقال وَلَوْلا أَنْ ثَبَّتْنَاكَ لَقَدْ كِدْتَ تَرْكَنُ إِلَيْهِمْ شَيْئًا قَلِيلا . حدثنا محمد بن عبد الأعلى، قال: ثنا محمد بن ثور، عن معمر، عن قتادة ( لِتَفْتَرِيَ عَلَيْنَا غَيْرَهُ ) قال: أطافوا به ليلة، فقالوا: أنت سيدنا وابن سيدنا، فأرادوه على بعض ما يريدون فهم أن يقارفهم (5) في بعض ما يريدون، ثم عصمه الله، فذلك قوله لَقَدْ كِدْتَ تَرْكَنُ إِلَيْهِمْ شَيْئًا قَلِيلا الذي أرادوا فهم أن يقارفهم فيه. حدثنا القاسم، قال: ثنا الحسن، قال: ثني حجاج، عن ابن جريج، عن مجاهد قال: قالوا له: ائت آلهتنا فامْسَسْها، فذلك قوله شَيْئًا قَلِيلا . وقال آخرون: إنما كان ذلك أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم هم أن ينظر قوما بإسلامهم إلى مدة سألوه الإنظار إليها. * ذكر من قال ذلك: حدثني محمد بن سعد، قال: ثني أبي، قال: ثني عمي، قال: ثني أبي، عن أبيه، عن ابن عباس ، قوله ( وَإِنْ كَادُوا لَيَفْتِنُونَكَ عَنِ الَّذِي أَوْحَيْنَا إِلَيْكَ لِتَفْتَرِيَ عَلَيْنَا غَيْرَهُ وَإِذًا لاتَّخَذُوكَ خَلِيلا ) وذلك أن ثقيفا كانوا قالوا للنبيّ صلى الله عليه وسلم: يا رسول الله أجِّلنا سنة حتى يُهْدَى لآلهتنا، فإذا قبضنا الذي يُهْدى لآلهتنا أخذناه، ثم أسلمنا وكسرنا الآلهة، فهم رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم أن يعطيهم، وأن يؤجِّلهم، فقال الله وَلَوْلا أَنْ ثَبَّتْنَاكَ لَقَدْ كِدْتَ تَرْكَنُ إِلَيْهِمْ شَيْئًا قَلِيلا . والصواب من القول في ذلك أن يقال: إن الله تعالى ذكره أخبر عن نبيّه صلى الله عليه وسلم، أن المشركين كادوا أن يفتنوه عما أوحاه الله إليه ليعمل بغيره، وذلك هو الافتراء على الله، وجائز أن يكون ذلك كان ما ذكر عنهم من ذكر أنهم دعوه أن يمسّ آلهتهم، ويلمّ بها، وجائز أن يكون كان ذلك ما ذُكر عن ابن عباس من أمر ثقيف، ومسألتهم إياه ما سألوه مما ذكرنا، وجائز أن يكون غير ذلك، ولا بيان في الكتاب ولا في خبر يقطع العذر أيّ ذلك كان، والاختلاف فيه موجود على ما ذكرنا ، فلا شيء فيه أصوب من الإيمان بظاهره، حتى يأتي خبر يجب التسليم له ببيان ما عُني بذلك منه. وقوله ( وَإِذًا لاتَّخَذُوكَ خَلِيلا ) يقول تعالى ذكره: ولو فعلت ما دَعَوْك إليه من الفتنة عن الذي أوحينا إليك لاتخذوك إذا لأنفسهم خليلا وكنت لهم وكانوا لك أولياء. -------------------------- الهوامش : (4) يقارفهم: يقاربهم ويدانيهم (اللسان). (5) يقارفهم: يقاربهم ويدانيهم (اللسان).