Tafseer of The Night Journey · Al-Israa · 17:73
And indeed, they were about to tempt you away from that which We revealed to you in order to [make] you invent about Us something else; and then they would have taken you as a friend.
Important: The Arabic source text is always authoritative. This translation is a study aid and has not been verified by scholars — do not use it as a basis for religious proof or for deriving rulings (ahkam). When in doubt, always consult the Arabic text and a qualified scholar.
The exegetes differed concerning the temptation (fitna) by which the polytheists (mushrikīn) nearly turned the Prophet of Allah ﷺ away from that which Allah had revealed to him toward something else. Some said: it was the approaching of the idols, for the polytheists were calling him to that, and the Prophet of Allah ﷺ had nearly gone along with it.
— Mention of those who said that:
Ibn Ḥumayd related to us, saying: Yaʿqūb al-Qummī related to us, on the authority of Jaʿfar, on the authority of Saʿīd, who said: The Prophet of Allah ﷺ used to touch the Black Stone, but Quraysh prevented him from this and said: We will not let him alone until he approaches our idols. He spoke to himself and said: "As for me, I am willing to approach them now that they permit me to touch the Stone — and Allah knows that I detest it." But Allah refused this and revealed: وَإِنْ كَادُوا لَيَفْتِنُونَكَ عَنِ الَّذِي أَوْحَيْنَا إِلَيْكَ لِتَفْتَرِيَ عَلَيْنَا غَيْرَهُ — the entire verse.
Bishr related to us, saying: Yazīd related to us, saying: Saʿīd related to us, on the authority of Qatāda, concerning وَلَوْلا أَنْ ثَبَّتْنَاكَ لَقَدْ كِدْتَ تَرْكَنُ إِلَيْهِمْ شَيْئًا قَلِيلا : it has been related to us that Quraysh spoke with the Prophet of Allah ﷺ one night until the morning; they flattered him, exalted him, and showed themselves agreeable to him. Among their words was: "You bring something that no one among the people brings, and you are our master and the son of our master." They kept speaking with him until he nearly gave in to them — but Allah restrained him and protected him from that, and said: وَلَوْلا أَنْ ثَبَّتْنَاكَ لَقَدْ كِدْتَ تَرْكَنُ إِلَيْهِمْ شَيْئًا قَلِيلا .
Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Aʿlā related to us, saying: Muḥammad ibn Thawr related to us, on the authority of Maʿmar, on the authority of Qatāda, concerning لِتَفْتَرِيَ عَلَيْنَا غَيْرَهُ : he said: they surrounded him for a whole night and said: "You are our master and the son of our master." They wished to bring him to do something of what they wanted, and he had nearly gone along with them in a part of what they wanted — but Allah protected him. That is the word of Allah لَقَدْ كِدْتَ تَرْكَنُ إِلَيْهِمْ شَيْئًا قَلِيلا — what they wanted and toward which he nearly went.
Al-Qāsim related to us, saying: al-Ḥasan related to us, saying: Ḥajjāj related to me, on the authority of Ibn Jurayj, on the authority of Mujāhid, who said: they said to him: "Come to our idols and touch them!" — that is what is meant by His word شَيْئًا قَلِيلا .
Others said: it was about the Prophet of Allah ﷺ intending to grant a people a delay for their conversion until a term they had requested.
— Mention of those who said that:
Muḥammad ibn Saʿd related to me, saying: my father related to me, saying: my uncle related to me, saying: my father related to me, on the authority of his father, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās, concerning His word وَإِنْ كَادُوا لَيَفْتِنُونَكَ عَنِ الَّذِي أَوْحَيْنَا إِلَيْكَ لِتَفْتَرِيَ عَلَيْنَا غَيْرَهُ وَإِذًا لاتَّخَذُوكَ خَلِيلا : that was because the tribe of Thaqīf had said to the Prophet ﷺ: "O Messenger of Allah, grant us a year's delay so that the offerings for our idols may be brought; then, when we receive what has been bestowed upon our idols, we will take it, and then we will convert to Islam and break the idols." The Prophet of Allah ﷺ was nearly willing to permit them this and to grant them the delay. Whereupon Allah said: وَلَوْلا أَنْ ثَبَّتْنَاكَ لَقَدْ كِدْتَ تَرْكَنُ إِلَيْهِمْ شَيْئًا قَلِيلا .
The most correct view concerning this is that one says: Allah, exalted be His mention, informed concerning His prophet ﷺ that the polytheists (mushrikīn) nearly turned him away from that which Allah had revealed to him in order to do something else with it — and that is the fabricating of lies against Allah. It is possible that this was what has been related from them, that they invited him to approach the idols and touch them; it is also possible that it was what has been related from Ibn ʿAbbās concerning the affair of Thaqīf and their request; and it is possible that it was something else. There is, neither in the Book nor in any narration that closes off the proof, any further indication of which of those cases it was, and there is difference of opinion as we have mentioned. The most correct thing, then, is to believe in its outward meaning, until there comes a narration that one must accept clarifying what is meant by it.
And His word وَإِذًا لاتَّخَذُوكَ خَلِيلا — Allah, exalted be His mention, says: and had you done what they invited you to do — namely, the turning away from what We have revealed to you — then they would have taken you as a friend (khalīl) for themselves, and you would have been allies of one another.