Tafseer of The Night Journey · Al-Israa · 17:72
And whoever is blind in this [life] will be blind in the Hereafter and more astray in way.
Important: The Arabic source text is always authoritative. This translation is a study aid and has not been verified by scholars — do not use it as a basis for religious proof or for deriving rulings (ahkam). When in doubt, always consult the Arabic text and a qualified scholar.
The exegetes differed over the meaning to which "hādhihi" (this) refers. Some said: by it is meant the favors that Allah, exalted be His mention, enumerated in His word وَلَقَدْ كَرَّمْنَا بَنِي آدَمَ وَحَمَلْنَاهُمْ فِي الْبَرِّ وَالْبَحْرِ وَرَزَقْنَاهُمْ مِنَ الطَّيِّبَاتِ وَفَضَّلْنَاهُمْ عَلَى كَثِيرٍ مِمَّنْ خَلَقْنَا تَفْضِيلا — and so Allah said: وَمَنْ كَانَ فِي هَذِهِ أَعْمَى فَهُوَ فِي الآخِرَةِ أَعْمَى وَأَضَلُّ سَبِيلا .
— Mention of who said that:
Muḥammad ibn al-Muthannā related to us, saying: ʿAbd al-Aʿlā related to us, saying: Dāwūd related to us, on the authority of Muḥammad ibn Abī Mūsā, who said: he was asked about this verse وَمَنْ كَانَ فِي هَذِهِ أَعْمَى فَهُوَ فِي الآخِرَةِ أَعْمَى وَأَضَلُّ سَبِيلا ; he said: Allah said وَلَقَدْ كَرَّمْنَا بَنِي آدَمَ وَحَمَلْنَاهُمْ فِي الْبَرِّ وَالْبَحْرِ وَرَزَقْنَاهُمْ مِنَ الطَّيِّبَاتِ وَفَضَّلْنَاهُمْ عَلَى كَثِيرٍ مِمَّنْ خَلَقْنَا تَفْضِيلا ; he said: whoever is blind to gratitude for these favors in the worldly life, he is in the Hereafter more blind and more astray from the way.
Others said: rather the meaning is: whoever is blind in this worldly life to the power of Allah therein and His proofs, he is in the Hereafter blind.
— Mention of who said that:
ʿAlī ibn Dāwūd related to me, saying: ʿAbd Allāh related to us, saying: Muʿāwiya related to me, on the authority of ʿAlī, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās, concerning His word وَمَنْ كَانَ فِي هَذِهِ أَعْمَى : he says: whoever is blind to the power of Allah in the worldly life فَهُوَ فِي الآخِرَةِ أَعْمَى .
Muḥammad ibn ʿAmr related to me, saying: Abū ʿĀṣim related to us, saying: ʿĪsā related to us; and al-Ḥārith related to me, saying: al-Ḥasan related to us, saying: Warqāʾ related to us — both on the authority of Ibn Abī Najīḥ, on the authority of Mujāhid, concerning فِي هَذِهِ أَعْمَى : he said: the worldly life.
Bishr related to us, saying: Yazīd related to us, saying: Saʿīd related to us, on the authority of Qatāda, concerning His word وَمَنْ كَانَ فِي هَذِهِ أَعْمَى فَهُوَ فِي الآخِرَةِ أَعْمَى : he says: whoever in this worldly life is blind to the favors of Allah which he was permitted to behold and to His creation and wonders فَهُوَ فِي الآخِرَةِ أَعْمَى وَأَضَلُّ سَبِيلا — to that which lies beyond his reach of the matters of the Hereafter — and yet more blind.
Muḥammad related to us, saying: Muḥammad ibn Thawr related to us, on the authority of Maʿmar, on the authority of Qatāda: وَمَنْ كَانَ فِي هَذِهِ أَعْمَى — in the worldly life to what Allah has shown him of His signs: the creation of the heavens and the earth, the mountains and the stars — فَهُوَ فِي الآخِرَةِ — the unseen which he has not beheld — أَعْمَى وَأَضَلُّ سَبِيلا .
Yūnus related to me, saying: Ibn Wahb informed us, saying: Ibn Zayd was asked about the word of Allah, the Exalted وَمَنْ كَانَ فِي هَذِهِ أَعْمَى فَهُوَ فِي الآخِرَةِ أَعْمَى وَأَضَلُّ سَبِيلا ; he recited إِنَّ فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالأَرْضِ لآيَاتٍ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ and وَفِي أَنْفُسِكُمْ أَفَلا تُبْصِرُونَ and وَمِنْ آيَاتِهِ أَنْ خَلَقَكُمْ مِنْ تُرَابٍ ثُمَّ إِذَا أَنْتُمْ بَشَرٌ تَنْتَشِرُونَ and read on until he reached وَلَهُ مَنْ فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالأَرْضِ كُلٌّ لَهُ قَانِتُونَ and said: all of them are obedient to Him, except the Son of Adam. He said: whoever is blind to these signs which he recognizes as coming from Us and concerning which he testifies that he beholds Our power and favors, he is in the Hereafter, which he has not beheld, yet more blind and more astray from the way.
The most correct view concerning this, in my opinion, is that of the one who says: the meaning is: whoever in this worldly life is blind to the proofs of Allah that He is the One alone in creating and governing it and in disposing over what is in it, he is in the matter of the Hereafter, which he has not beheld and has not perceived — and in what shall take place therein — yet more blind and more astray from the way. That is to say: more astray from the way than he is in the matter of the worldly life, which he has indeed beheld and perceived.
The reason we hold this to be the most correct interpretation is that Allah, exalted be His mention, in His word وَمَنْ كَانَ فِي هَذِهِ the worldly life أَعْمَى did not restrict the unbeliever's blindness to merely a part of His proofs therein and not to others — such that one would direct it to his blindness to His favors which He mentioned in the verse in which He enumerated His favors to mankind — but rather He stated the report of his blindness in the worldly life in general terms. So we understand it as Allah, exalted be His mention, stated it generally.
The reciters differed over the reading of His word فَهُوَ فِي الآخِرَةِ أَعْمَى . All the reciters pronounced the first word — namely His word وَمَنْ كَانَ فِي هَذِهِ أَعْمَى — with imāla (a slight i-coloring). But concerning His word فَهُوَ فِي الآخِرَةِ أَعْمَى , most of the Kufan reciters likewise pronounced it with imāla, while some of the Basran reciters pronounced it with a full a and interpreted it as: he is in the Hereafter more completely blind. In support they cited His word وَأَضَلُّ سَبِيلا .
This reading is the more correct of the two readings on account of the proof we have adduced for the one who reads it thus. Whoever rejected the other reading did so under the supposition that this concerns bodily blindness — and one cannot say that someone is more blind than another blind person, since blindness of eyesight has no gradations whereby one would be more blind than another, unless one adds to it "ashadd" (more) or "abyan" (clearer). But this is not the case.
For we say that this concerns blindness of the heart, which does have gradations. What is meant is the blindness of the hearts of the unbelievers (kāfirs) to the proofs of Allah which their eyes have already beheld. Therefore this is permissible and fitting.
And in accordance with what we have said concerning this, the exegetes spoke.
— Mention of who said that:
Al-Ḥasan ibn Yaḥyā related to us, saying: ʿAbd al-Razzāq informed us, saying: Sufyān informed us, on the authority of Ibn Abī Najīḥ, on the authority of Mujāhid, concerning فَهُوَ فِي الآخِرَةِ أَعْمَى : he said: blind to his proof in the Hereafter.