Tabari

Tafseer of The Night Journey · Al-Israa · 17:59

وَمَا مَنَعَنَآ أَن نُّرْسِلَ بِٱلْءَايَٰتِ إِلَّآ أَن كَذَّبَ بِهَا ٱلْأَوَّلُونَ ۚ وَءَاتَيْنَا ثَمُودَ ٱلنَّاقَةَ مُبْصِرَةًۭ فَظَلَمُوا۟ بِهَا ۚ وَمَا نُرْسِلُ بِٱلْءَايَٰتِ إِلَّا تَخْوِيفًۭا

And nothing has prevented Us from sending signs except that the former peoples denied them. And We gave Thamud the she-camel as a visible sign, but they wronged her. And We send not the signs except as a warning.

Important: The Arabic source text is always authoritative. This translation is a study aid and has not been verified by scholars — do not use it as a basis for religious proof or for deriving rulings (ahkam). When in doubt, always consult the Arabic text and a qualified scholar.

Tabari (1 passage)

  1. Full Dutch translation of Tabari's text

    The exposition of the interpretation of the word of Allah, the Exalted:

    وَمَا مَنَعَنَا أَنْ نُرْسِلَ بِالآيَاتِ إِلا أَنْ كَذَّبَ بِهَا الأَوَّلُونَ (And nothing prevented Us from sending signs except the fact that the former peoples denied them as a lie)

    Allah, exalted be His mention, says: And nothing prevented Us, O Muḥammad, from sending the signs which your people have requested, except the fact that the former peoples who proclaimed lies made similar requests earlier; when We gave them what they asked for, they rejected their messengers and did not believe them despite the coming of the signs, and so they were judged with haste. We have therefore not sent any signs to your people, for if We had sent them and they had rejected them as a lie, then We would have trodden the path of hastening the punishment upon them, as We did with the former peoples.

    And in accordance with what we have said concerning this, the exegetes spoke.

    — Mention of who said that:

    Ibn Ḥumayd and Ibn Wakīʿ related to us, they said: Jarīr related to us, on the authority of al-Aʿmash, on the authority of Jaʿfar ibn Iyās, on the authority of Saʿīd ibn Jubayr, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās, who said: The people of Mecca asked the Prophet ﷺ to turn al-Ṣafā into gold and to push the mountains away from them so that they could cultivate. It was said to him: If you wish, We grant them respite in the hope of reaping something from them; but if you wish that We give them what they asked for — and if they then show disbelief, they will be destroyed as the former peoples before them were destroyed. He said: No, grant them respite. So Allah revealed وَمَا مَنَعَنَا أَنْ نُرْسِلَ بِالآيَاتِ إِلا أَنْ كَذَّبَ بِهَا الأَوَّلُونَ وَآتَيْنَا ثَمُودَ النَّاقَةَ مُبْصِرَةً .

    Isḥāq ibn Wahb related to me, he said: Abū ʿĀmir related to us, he said: Masʿūd ibn ʿAbbād related to us, on the authority of Mālik ibn Dīnār, on the authority of al-Ḥasan, concerning the word of Allah, the Exalted وَمَا مَنَعَنَا أَنْ نُرْسِلَ بِالآيَاتِ إِلا أَنْ كَذَّبَ بِهَا الأَوَّلُونَ : he said: As a mercy to you, O community — if We had sent the signs and you had rejected them as a lie, the same that befell those before you would have befallen you.

    Al-Qāsim related to us, he said: al-Ḥusayn related to us, he said: Ḥammād ibn Zayd related to me, on the authority of Ayyūb, on the authority of Saʿīd ibn Jubayr, who said: The polytheists (mushrikīn) said to Muḥammad ﷺ: O Muḥammad, you claim that there were prophets before you. Some of them had the wind at their service, others could raise the dead. If you wish that we believe in you and affirm you, then ask your Lord to turn al-Ṣafā into gold. So Allah revealed to him: I have heard what they said. If you wish that We do what they asked for and they then do not believe, the punishment will descend — for after the descent of the sign there is no respite. And if you wish that We grant your people respite, then We grant respite. He said: O my Lord, grant respite.

    Bishr related to us, he said: Yazīd related to us, he said: Saʿīd related to us, on the authority of Qatāda, concerning His word وَمَا مَنَعَنَا أَنْ نُرْسِلَ بِالآيَاتِ إِلا أَنْ كَذَّبَ بِهَا الأَوَّلُونَ : he said: The people of Mecca said to the Prophet of Allah ﷺ: If what you say is the truth and you wish that we believe, then turn al-Ṣafā into gold for us. Jibrīl ﷺ came to him and said: If you wish, what your people asked of you will be done; but if it then still does not believe, it gets no respite. And if you wish, We grant your people respite. He said: No, I grant my people respite. So Allah revealed وَآتَيْنَا ثَمُودَ النَّاقَةَ مُبْصِرَةً فَظَلَمُوا بِهَا and He revealed مَا آمَنَتْ قَبْلَهُمْ مِنْ قَرْيَةٍ أَهْلَكْنَاهَا أَفَهُمْ يُؤْمِنُونَ .

    Al-Qāsim related to us, he said: al-Ḥusayn related to us, he said: Ḥajjāj related to me, on the authority of Ibn Jurayj: they asked that al-Ṣafā be turned into gold. Allah said: وَمَا مَنَعَنَا أَنْ نُرْسِلَ بِالآيَاتِ إِلا أَنْ كَذَّبَ بِهَا الأَوَّلُونَ . Ibn Jurayj said: No village received a sign which they rejected as a lie without being punished. So if We had turned al-Ṣafā into gold and they then still did not believe, they would have been punished. The first "an" which is connected to "manaʿanā" is in the accusative position by the action of "manaʿanā" upon it, and the second "an" is in the nominative position, because the meaning of the sentence is: and nothing prevented Us from sending the signs except the denial by the former peoples — so the working of the sentence goes to the second "an".

    Allah, exalted be His mention, then says: And before your people, O Muḥammad, the Thamūd also asked for signs; and We gave them what they asked for and conveyed that sign as an illuminating (mubṣira) she-camel — whereby he ascribed the illumination to the camel. Just as one says of a wound: "exposing" (mūḍiḥa), and this is "a clear proof" (ḥujja mubayyana). By "mubṣira" was meant: radiant and clear, so that whoever saw it had insight (baṣar) into it that it was a proof from Allah, just as it is stated وَالنَّهَارَ مُبْصِرًا .

    Bishr related to us, he said: Yazīd related to us, he said: Saʿīd related to us, on the authority of Qatāda, concerning وَآتَيْنَا ثَمُودَ النَّاقَةَ مُبْصِرَةً : that is to say: clear.

    Muḥammad ibn ʿAmr related to me, he said: Abū ʿĀṣim related to us, he said: ʿĪsā related to us; and al-Ḥārith related to me, he said: al-Ḥasan related to us, he said: Warqāʾ related to us — both on the authority of Ibn Abī Najīḥ, on the authority of Mujāhid, concerning the word of Allah النَّاقَةَ مُبْصِرَةً : he said: a sign.

    Al-Qāsim related to us, he said: al-Ḥusayn related to us, he said: Ḥajjāj related to me, on the authority of Ibn Jurayj, on the authority of Mujāhid — the same.

    And His word فَظَلَمُوا بِهَا — Allah, mighty and exalted, says: their wrongdoing was by means of her, and that was because they killed and slaughtered her. Their wrongdoing therefore consisted in the slaughtering and killing of her. It has also been said that the meaning is: they denied thereby; but that is only acceptable if one says that what was meant was: they denied Allah by killing her — then that would be an acceptable reading.

    And concerning His word وَمَا نُرْسِلُ بِالآيَاتِ إِلا تَخْوِيفًا — He says: and We send the lessons and admonition only as objects of terror for the servants.

    Bishr related to us, he said: Yazīd related to us, he said: Saʿīd related to us, on the authority of Qatāda, concerning His word وَمَا نُرْسِلُ بِالآيَاتِ إِلا تَخْوِيفًا : Allah instills fear in the people with whatever sign He wills, so that they may take heed, or remember, or return. It has been reported to us that Kufa in the time of Ibn Masʿūd was struck by an earthquake; he said: O people, your Lord asks you to give satisfaction — give Him that satisfaction.

    Al-Qāsim related to us, he said: al-Ḥusayn related to us, he said: Nūḥ ibn Qays related to us, on the authority of Abū Rajāʾ, on the authority of al-Ḥasan, concerning وَمَا نُرْسِلُ بِالآيَاتِ إِلا تَخْوِيفًا : he said: sudden death.

    Show original Arabic
    القول في تأويل قوله تعالى : وَمَا مَنَعَنَا أَنْ نُرْسِلَ بِالآيَاتِ إِلا أَنْ كَذَّبَ بِهَا الأَوَّلُونَ يقول تعالى ذكره: وما منعنا يا محمد أن نرسل بالآيات التي سألها قومك، إلا أن كان من قبلهم من الأمم المكذّبة، سألوا ذلك مثل سؤالهم؛ فلما آتاهم ما سألوا منه كذّبوا رسلهم، فلم يصدّقوا مع مجيء الآيات، فعوجلوا فلم نرسل إلى قومك بالآيات، لأنَّا لو أرسلنا بها إليها، فكذّبوا بها، سلكنا في تعجيل العذاب لهم مسلك الأمم قبلها. وبالذي قلنا في ذلك، قال أهل التأويل. * ذكر من قال ذلك: حدثنا ابن حميد وابن وكيع، قالا ثنا جرير، عن الأعمش، عن جعفر بن إياس، عن سعيد بن جبير، عن ابن عباس، قال: سأل أهل مكة النبيّ صلى الله عليه وسلم أن يجعل لهم الصفا ذهبا، وأن ينحي عنهم الجبال، فيزرعوا، فقيل له: إن شئت أن نستأني بهم لعلنا نجتني منهم، وإن شئت أن نؤتيهم الذي سألوا، فإن كفروا أهلكوا كما أهلك من قبلهم، قال: بل تستأني بهم، فأنـزل الله ( وَمَا مَنَعَنَا أَنْ نُرْسِلَ بِالآيَاتِ إِلا أَنْ كَذَّبَ بِهَا الأَوَّلُونَ وَآتَيْنَا ثَمُودَ النَّاقَةَ مُبْصِرَةً ). حدثني إسحاق بن وهب، قال: ثنا أبو عامر، قال : ثنا مسعود بن عباد، عن مالك بن دينار، عن الحسن في قول الله تعالى ( وَمَا مَنَعَنَا أَنْ نُرْسِلَ بِالآيَاتِ إِلا أَنْ كَذَّبَ بِهَا الأَوَّلُونَ ) قال: رحمة لكم أيتها الأمة، إنا لو أرسلنا بالآيات فكذّبتم بها، أصابكم ما أصاب من قبلكم. حدثنا القاسم، قال: ثنا الحسين، قال: ثني حماد بن زيد، عن أيوب، عن سعيد بن جبير، قال: قال المشركون لمحمد صلى الله عليه وسلم: يا محمد إنك تزعم أنه كان قبلك أنبياء، فمنهم من سخرت له الريح. ومنهم من كان يحيي الموتى، فإن سرّك أن نؤمن بك ونصدّقك، فادع ربك أن يكون لنا الصفا ذهبا. فأوحى الله إليه: إني قد سمعت الذي قالوا، فإن شئت أن نفعل الذي قالوا، فإن لم يؤمنوا نـزل العذاب، فإنه ليس بعد نـزول الآية مناظرة، وإن شئت أن تستأني قومك استأنيت بها، قال: يا ربّ أستأني. حدثنا بشر، قال: ثنا يزيد، قال: ثنا سعيد، عن قتادة، قوله ( وَمَا مَنَعَنَا أَنْ نُرْسِلَ بِالآيَاتِ إِلا أَنْ كَذَّبَ بِهَا الأَوَّلُونَ ) قال: قال أهل مكة لنبيّ الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: إن كان ما تقول حقا. ويسرّك أن نؤمن، فحوّل لنا الصفا ذهبا، فأتاه جبرائيل عليه السلام فقال: إن شئت كان الذي سألك قومك، ولكنه إن كان ثم لم يؤمنوا لم يناظروا، وإن شئت استأنيت بقومك، قال: بَلِ أسْتَأْنِي بقَوْمي. فأنـزل الله وَآتَيْنَا ثَمُودَ النَّاقَةَ مُبْصِرَةً فَظَلَمُوا بِهَا وأنـزل الله عزّ وجلّ مَا آمَنَتْ قَبْلَهُمْ مِنْ قَرْيَةٍ أَهْلَكْنَاهَا أَفَهُمْ يُؤْمِنُونَ . حدثنا القاسم، قال: ثنا الحسين، قال: ثني حجاج، عن ابن جريج، أنهم سألوا أن يحوّل الصفا ذهبا، قال الله ( وَمَا مَنَعَنَا أَنْ نُرْسِلَ بِالآيَاتِ إِلا أَنْ كَذَّبَ بِهَا الأَوَّلُونَ ) قال ابن جريج: لم يأت قرية بآية فيكذّبوا بها إلا عذّبوا، فلو جعلت لهم الصفا ذهبا ثم لم يؤمنوا عذّبوا، و " أن " الأولى التي مع مَنَعَنا، في موضع نصب بوقوع منعنا عليها، وأن الثانية رفع، لأن معنى الكلام: وما منعنا إرسال الآيات إلا تكذيب الأوّلين من الأمم، فالفعل لأن الثانية. يقول تعالى ذكره: وقد سأل الآيات يا محمد مِن قَبْل قومك ثمود، فآتيناها ما سألت، وحملنا تلك الآية ناقة مبصرة، جعل الإبصار للناقة. كما تقول للشجة: موضحة، وهذه حجه مبينة. وإنما عنى بالمبصرة: المضيئة البينة التي من يراها كانوا أهل بصر بها، أنها لله حجة، كما قيل: وَالنَّهَارَ مُبْصِرًا . كما حدثنا بشر، قال: ثنا يزيد، قال: ثنا سعيد، عن قتادة (وآتَيْنَا ثَمُودَ النَّاقَةَ مُبْصِرَةً) : أي بيِّنة. حدثني محمد بن عمرو، قال: ثنا أبو عاصم، قال: ثنا عيسى؛ وحدثني الحرث، قال: ثنا الحسن، قال: ثنا ورقاء، جميعا عن ابن أبي نجيح، عن مجاهد، في قول الله عزّ ذكره (النَّاقَةَ مُبْصِرَةً) قال: آية. حدثنا القاسم، قال: ثنا الحسين، قال: ثني حجاج، عن ابن جريج، عن مجاهد، مثله. وقوله (فَظَلَمُوا بِها) يقول عزّ وجلّ: فكان بها ظلمهم، وذلك أنهم قتلوها وعقروها، فكان ظلمهم بعقرها وقتلها، وقد قيل: معنى ذلك: فكفروا بها، ولا وجه لذلك إلا أن يقول قائله أراد: فكفروا بالله بقتلها، فيكون ذلك وجها. وأما قوله ( وَمَا نُرْسِلُ بِالآيَاتِ إِلا تَخْوِيفًا ) فإنه يقول: وما نرسل بالعبر والذكر إلا تخويفا للعباد. كما حدثنا بشر، قال: ثنا يزيد، قال: ثنا سعيد، عن قتادة، قوله ( وَمَا نُرْسِلُ بِالآيَاتِ إِلا تَخْوِيفًا ) وإن الله يخوّف الناس بما شاء من آية لعلهم يعتبرون، أو يذكَّرون، أو يرجعون، ذُكر لنا أن الكوفة رجفت على عهد ابن مسعود، فقال: يأيها الناس إن ربكم يستعتبكم فأعتبوه. حدثنا القاسم، قال: ثنا الحسين، قال: ثنا نوح بن قيس، عن أبي رجاء، عن الحسن ( وَمَا نُرْسِلُ بِالآيَاتِ إِلا تَخْوِيفًا ) قال: الموت الذريع.