Tafseer of The Night Journey · Al-Israa · 17:58
And there is no city but that We will destroy it before the Day of Resurrection or punish it with a severe punishment. That has ever been in the Register inscribed.
Important: The Arabic source text is always authoritative. This translation is a study aid and has not been verified by scholars — do not use it as a basis for religious proof or for deriving rulings (ahkam). When in doubt, always consult the Arabic text and a qualified scholar.
The Exalted, whose praise is mentioned, says: there is no town among the towns but that We shall destroy its inhabitants through extinction, and sweep them away through annihilation before the Day of Resurrection, or punish it—whether with the affliction of being killed by the sword, or some other kind of punishment—a severe punishment (ʿadhāb).
As Muḥammad ibn ʿAmr related to me, he said: Abū ʿĀṣim related to us, he said: ʿĪsā related to us; and al-Ḥārith related to me, he said: al-Ḥasan related to us, he said: Warqāʾ related to us, on the authority of Ibn Abī Najīḥ, on the authority of Mujāhid, concerning the word of Allah, mighty and exalted is He: وَإِنْ مِنْ قَرْيَةٍ إِلا نَحْنُ مُهْلِكُوهَا قَبْلَ يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ ("And there is no town but that We shall destroy it before the Day of Resurrection")—so We shall sweep it away—أوْ مُعَذِّبُوهَا ("or punish it") through killing and affliction. He said: every town on earth shall be stricken by a portion of this.
Al-Qāsim related to us, he said: al-Ḥusayn related to us, he said: Ḥajjāj related to me, on the authority of Ibn Jurayj, on the authority of Mujāhid, with something similar, except that he said: this, or a portion of it, shall strike it.
Bishr related to us, he said: Yazīd related to us, he said: Saʿīd related to us, on the authority of Qatāda, concerning His word وَإِنْ مِنْ قَرْيَةٍ إِلا نَحْنُ مُهْلِكُوهَا قَبْلَ يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ أَوْ مُعَذِّبُوهَا ("And there is no town but that We shall destroy it before the Day of Resurrection, or punish it"): a decree of Allah, as you hear, from which there is no escape; either He destroys it through death, or He destroys it through an annihilating punishment, when they abandon His command and deny His messengers.
Muḥammad ibn Bashshār related to us, he said: ʿAbd al-Raḥmān related to us, he said: Sufyān related to us, on the authority of Ibn Abī Najīḥ, on the authority of Mujāhid وَإِنْ مِنْ قَرْيَةٍ إِلا نَحْنُ مُهْلِكُوهَا ("And there is no town but that We shall destroy it"), he said: We shall sweep it away.
Al-Qāsim related to us, he said: al-Ḥusayn related to me, he said: Abū al-Aḥwaṣ related to us, on the authority of Simāk ibn Ḥarb, on the authority of ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn ʿAbd Allāh, he said: when fornication (zinā) and usury (ribā) appear openly among the inhabitants of a town, Allah grants permission for its destruction.
And His word كَانَ ذَلِكَ فِي الْكِتَابِ مَسْطُورًا ("That is inscribed in the Book") means: in the Book in which everything that shall be is written down, and that is the well-guarded Tablet (al-Lawḥ al-Maḥfūẓ).
As Yūnus related to me, he said: Ibn Wahb informed us, he said: Ibn Zayd said, concerning His word كَانَ ذَلِكَ فِي الْكِتَابِ مَسْطُورًا ("That is inscribed in the Book"), he said: in the Mother of the Book (umm al-kitāb); and he recited لَوْلا كِتَابٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ سَبَقَ ("Were it not for a preceding decree from Allah"). And by His word مَسْطُورًا ("inscribed") He means: written down and made clear. To this belongs also the saying of al-ʿAjjāj:
And know that the Lord of Majesty has already decreed
in the earlier Books which He had written down
this command of yours—therein guard against corruption and decay.