Tabari

Tafseer of The Night Journey · Al-Israa · 17:54

رَّبُّكُمْ أَعْلَمُ بِكُمْ ۖ إِن يَشَأْ يَرْحَمْكُمْ أَوْ إِن يَشَأْ يُعَذِّبْكُمْ ۚ وَمَآ أَرْسَلْنَٰكَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَكِيلًۭا

Your Lord is most knowing of you. If He wills, He will have mercy upon you; or if He wills, He will punish you. And We have not sent you, [O Muhammad], over them as a manager.

Important: The Arabic source text is always authoritative. This translation is a study aid and has not been verified by scholars — do not use it as a basis for religious proof or for deriving rulings (ahkam). When in doubt, always consult the Arabic text and a qualified scholar.

Tabari (1 passage)

  1. Full Dutch translation of Tabari's text

    Allah the Exalted says to these polytheists of Quraysh who said أَئِذَا كُنَّا عِظَامًا وَرُفَاتًا أَئِنَّا لَمَبْعُوثُونَ خَلْقًا جَدِيدًا (When we have become bones and crumbled dust, shall we then be resurrected as a new creation?): رَبُّكُمْ O people أَعْلَمُ بِكُمْ إِنْ يَشَأْ يَرْحَمْكُمْ (Your Lord knows you best: if He wills, He will have mercy upon you) — so that He makes you turn in repentance through His mercy, until you turn away from the disbelief you are upon, in Him and in the Last Day. إِنْ يَشَأْ يُعَذِّبْكُمْ (And if He wills, He will punish you) — by His forsaking you from faith, so that you die upon your polytheism, and then He punishes you on the Day of Resurrection for your disbelief in Him.

    A view similar to what we have said is shared by the exegetes.

    * Mention of who said that:

    Al-Qāsim related to us, saying: al-Ḥusayn related to us, saying: Ḥajjāj reported to me, on the authority of ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Jurayj, concerning His word رَبُّكُمْ أَعْلَمُ بِكُمْ إِنْ يَشَأْ يَرْحَمْكُمْ: he said: "That you believe." أَوْ إِنْ يَشَأْ يُعَذِّبْكُمْ: "So that you die upon polytheism as you are."

    And His word وَمَا أَرْسَلْنَاكَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَكِيلًا (And We did not send you as a guardian over them) — He says to His Prophet Muḥammad ﷺ: We did not send you, O Muḥammad, to those to whom We sent you in order to call them to Our obedience as a lord and guardian over them. We sent you to them only to convey to them Our messages, and in Our hands lie their guidance and governance. If We will, We show them mercy; and if We will, We punish them.

    Show original Arabic
    يقول تعالى ذكره لهؤلاء المشركين من قريش الذين قالوا أَئِذَا كُنَّا عِظَامًا وَرُفَاتًا أَئِنَّا لَمَبْعُوثُونَ خَلْقًا جَدِيدًا -(رَبُّكُمْ) أيها القوم ( أَعْلَمُ بِكُمْ إِنْ يَشَأْ يَرْحَمْكُمْ ) فيتوب عليكم برحمته، حتى تنيبوا عما أنتم عليه من الكفر به وباليوم الآخر ( إِنْ يَشَأْ يُعَذِّبْكُمْ ) بأن يخذلكم عن الإيمان، فتموتوا على شرككم، فيعذّبكم يوم القيامة بكفركم به. وبنحو الذي قلنا في ذلك، قال أهل التأويل. * ذكر من قال ذلك: حدثنا القاسم، قال: ثنا الحسين، قال: ثني حجاج، عن عبد الملك بن جريج قوله ( رَبُّكُمْ أَعْلَمُ بِكُمْ إِنْ يَشَأْ يَرْحَمْكُمْ ) قال: فتؤمنوا(أو إنْ يَشَأْ يُعَذّبْكُمْ) فتموتوا على الشرك كما أنتم. وقوله ( وَمَا أَرْسَلْنَاكَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَكِيلا ) يقول لنبيه محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم: وما أرسلناك يا محمد على من أرسلناك إليه لتدعوه إلى طاعتنا ربا ولا رقيبا، إنما أرسلناك إليهم لتبلغهم رسالاتنا، وبأيدينا صرفهم وتدبيرهم، فإن شئنا رحمناهم، وإن شئنا عذّبناهم.