Tafseer of The Night Journey · Al-Israa · 17:39
That is from what your Lord has revealed to you, [O Muhammad], of wisdom. And, [O mankind], do not make [as equal] with Allah another deity, lest you be thrown into Hell, blamed and banished.
Important: The Arabic source text is always authoritative. This translation is a study aid and has not been verified by scholars — do not use it as a basis for religious proof or for deriving rulings (ahkam). When in doubt, always consult the Arabic text and a qualified scholar.
Allah the Exalted says: This which We have set forth to you, O Muḥammad, of the excellent moral virtues, the good of which We have commanded you to practice and the evil of which We have commanded you to abstain from, مِمَّا أَوْحَى إِلَيْكَ رَبُّكَ مِنَ الْحِكْمَةِ — that is to say: of the wisdom (ḥikma) which We have revealed to you in this Our Book.
Thus, according to the one who related to me — Yūnus, he said: Ibn Wahb informed us, he said: Ibn Zayd said — concerning His word ذَلِكَ مِمَّا أَوْحَى إِلَيْكَ رَبُّكَ مِنَ الْحِكْمَةِ : 'The Qurʾān.'
The meaning of al-ḥikma We have already set forth earlier in this our Book in a manner that makes its repetition here unnecessary.
وَلَا تَجْعَلْ مَعَ اللَّهِ إِلَهًا آخَرَ فَتُلْقَى فِي جَهَنَّمَ مَلُومًا مَدْحُورًا — He says: Do not set up alongside Allah any associate in your worship, otherwise you will be cast into Hell (jahannam), criticized — your own soul criticizes you and the people who know you criticize you — مَدْحُورًا — that is to say: removed and cast out into the Fire; but make your worship pure for Allah, the One, the Vanquisher, and you will be saved from His punishment (ʿadhāb).
Thus also said the exegetes concerning His word مَلُومًا مَدْحُورًا .
Those who said this are the following:
ʿAlī ibn Dāwūd related to me — he said: ʿAbdullāh ibn Ṣāliḥ related to us, he said: Muʿāwiya informed me, on the authority of ʿAlī, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās — concerning His word مَلُومًا مَدْحُورًا : 'That is to say: driven away.'
Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Aʿlā related to us — he said: Muḥammad ibn Thawr related to us, on the authority of Maʿmar, on the authority of Qatāda — مَلُومًا مَدْحُورًا : 'Criticized in the worship of Allah, cast out into the Fire.'