Tabari

Tafseer of The Bee · An-Nahl · 16:49

وَلِلَّهِ يَسْجُدُ مَا فِى ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَمَا فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ مِن دَآبَّةٍۢ وَٱلْمَلَٰٓئِكَةُ وَهُمْ لَا يَسْتَكْبِرُونَ

And to Allah prostrates whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth of creatures, and the angels [as well], and they are not arrogant.

Important: The Arabic source text is always authoritative. This translation is a study aid and has not been verified by scholars — do not use it as a basis for religious proof or for deriving rulings (ahkam). When in doubt, always consult the Arabic text and a qualified scholar.

Tabari (1 passage)

  1. Full Dutch translation of Tabari's text

    Allah the Exalted says: to Allah bows down and submits to His command everything in the heavens and everything on the earth of living creatures that move upon it, and the angels who are in the heavens — and they do not exalt themselves above humbling themselves before Him in obedience. فَالَّذِينَ لا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِالآخِرَةِ قُلُوبُهُمْ مُنْكِرَةٌ وَهُمْ مُسْتَكْبِرُونَ — and their shadows move back and forth from right and left, prostrating to Allah, while they are humbled.

    Some grammarians of Basra said: one sufficed with mentioning the singular for the animals, instead of the plural. The actual meaning of the words is: to Allah prostrates everything in the heavens and what is on the earth of living creatures and angels — just as one says: mā atānī min rajulin, in the meaning of: mā atānī min al-rijāl (no man has come to me).

    Some grammarians of Kufa said: one used min dabba in the singular, because mā, even though it can have the function of a relative pronoun (alladhī), is nevertheless indefinite; and when it is indefinite and unspecified, it resembles a conditional sentence. With a conditional sentence (jazāʾ) one adds min after an indefinite noun that follows it; one says: man ḍarabahu min rajulin fa-aḍribūhu (whoever has struck him, whatever man it be, strike him), and one does not omit min in this place in order to avoid that it resemble an adverbial qualifier of state (ḥāl) attached to man and mā. One used min to indicate that it is an explanation (tafsīr) of mā and man, because those two are indefinite and unspecified. The insertion of min after that which mā and man follow is then an indication of their meaning, and the insertion of min is a stronger indication of the unspecified nature of man and mā — that is why they are not omitted.

    Show original Arabic
    يقول تعالى ذكره: ولله يخضع ويستسلم لأمره ما في السموات وما في الأرض من دابَّة يدبّ عليها، والملائكة التي في السموات، وهم لا يستكبرون عن التذلل له بالطاعة فَالَّذِينَ لا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِالآخِرَةِ قُلُوبُهُمْ مُنْكِرَةٌ وَهُمْ مُسْتَكْبِرُونَ وظلالهم تتفيأ عن اليمين والشمائل سجدا لله وهم داخرون. وكان بعض نحويِّي البصرة يقول: اجتزئ بذكر الواحد من الدوابّ عن ذكر الجميع. وإنما معنى الكلام: ولله يسجد ما في السموات وما في الأرض من الدوابّ والملائكة، كما يقال: ما أتاني من رجل، بمعنى: ما أتاني من الرجال. وكان بعض نحويِّي الكوفة يقول: إنما قيل: من دابة، لأن " ما " وإن كانت قد تكون على مذهب الذي، فإنها غير مؤقتة، فإذا أبهمت غير مؤقتة أشبهت الجزاء، والجزاء يدخل من فيما جاء من اسم بعده من النكرة، فيقال: من ضربه من رجل فاضربوه، ولا تسقط " من " من هذا الموضع كراهية أن تشبه أن تكون حالا لمن و ما ، فجعلوه بمن ليدلّ على أنه تفسير لما ومن لأنهما غير مؤقتتين، فكان دخول من فيما بعدهما تفسيرا لمعناهما، وكان دخول من أدلّ على ما لم يوقت من من وما، فلذلك لم تلغيا.