Tafseer of The Rock · Al-Hijr · 15:78
And the companions of the thicket were [also] wrongdoers.
Important: The Arabic source text is always authoritative. This translation is a study aid and has not been verified by scholars — do not use it as a basis for religious proof or for deriving rulings (ahkam). When in doubt, always consult the Arabic text and a qualified scholar.
The Exalted says: The dwellers of the Thicket (al-Ayka) were indeed unjust — that is to say: they were disbelievers in Allah. Al-Ayka means: a dense, intergrown thicket, as Umayya said:
[like the cooing of the dove upon the boughs of the thicket, in the bending, leaning tree-branch]
In agreement with what We have said concerning this, the exegetes also spoke.
Mention of those who said that:
Isḥāq ibn Ibrāhīm ibn Ḥabīb ibn al-Shahīd related to us, saying: ʿAttāb ibn Bishr related to us, on the authority of Khuṣayf — he said concerning His word أَصْحَابُ الأَيْكَةِ : the thicket; they ate fresh fruit in the summer and the dried fruit in the winter.
Bishr related to us, saying: Yazīd related to us, saying: Saʿīd related to us, on the authority of Qatāda — concerning His word وَإِنْ كَانَ أَصْحَابُ الأَيْكَةِ لَظَالِمِينَ : It has been related to us that they were dwellers of a thicket. The predominant growth among their trees was the dom-palm. Their messenger was, as it has reached us, Shuʿayb ﷺ — he was sent to them as well as to the dwellers of Madyan; he was sent to two peoples, and they were each struck with a different punishment. As for the dwellers of Madyan: the cry overtook them; as for the dwellers of the Ayka: they lived in a dense thicket. It has been related to us that Allah loosed the heat upon them for seven days, with no shade to shelter them from it nor anything to ward it off from them. Then Allah sent a cloud over them, and they gathered together beneath it seeking coolness — but Allah made that cloud a punishment for them; He sent down upon them a fire that blazed over them and consumed them. That was the punishment of the Day of the Shadow (ʿadhāb yawm al-ẓulla) — truly, that was the punishment of a tremendous day.
Al-Muthanná related to me, saying: Isḥāq related to us, saying: ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Abī Ḥammād related to us, saying: ʿAmr ibn Thābit related to us, on the authority of his father, on the authority of Saʿīd ibn Jubayr — he said: the dwellers of the Ayka were the dwellers of the thicket (ghayḍa).
Al-Qāsim related to us, saying: al-Ḥusayn related to us, saying: Ḥajjāj related to me — he said: Ibn Jurayj said concerning وَإِنْ كَانَ أَصْحَابُ الأَيْكَةِ لَظَالِمِينَ : they are the people of Shuʿayb. Ibn ʿAbbās said: The Ayka is a region full of reed-beds and trees, which they inhabited.
It was related to me from al-Ḥusayn, saying: I heard Abū Muʿādh say: ʿUbayd related to us, saying: I heard al-Ḍaḥḥāk say concerning أَصْحَابُ الأَيْكَةِ : they are the people of Shuʿayb, and al-Ayka is the thicket.
Yūnus related to me, saying: Ibn Wahb informed us, saying: ʿAmr ibn al-Ḥārith informed us, on the authority of Saʿīd ibn Abī Hilāl, on the authority of ʿAmr ibn ʿAbdallāh, on the authority of Qatāda — that he said: the dwellers of the Ayka — al-Ayka is the dense thicket.