Tafseer of The Rock · Al-Hijr · 15:14
And [even] if We opened to them a gate from the heaven and they continued therein to ascend,
Important: The Arabic source text is always authoritative. This translation is a study aid and has not been verified by scholars — do not use it as a basis for religious proof or for deriving rulings (ahkam). When in doubt, always consult the Arabic text and a qualified scholar.
The scholars of Qurʾānic exegesis differed concerning who is meant by His word فَظَلُّوا فِيهِ يَعْرُجُونَ (and they kept ascending therein). Some said: the meaning of the expression is: had We opened for these people who say to you, O Muḥammad, لَوْ مَا تَأْتِينَا بِالْمَلائِكَةِ إِنْ كُنْتَ مِنَ الصَّادِقِينَ , a gate of heaven, so that the angels ascended therein while they saw them clearly — لَقَالُوا إِنَّمَا سُكِّرَتْ أَبْصَارُنَا بَلْ نَحْنُ قَوْمٌ مَسْحُورُونَ (they would surely say: our eyes have been dazzled; rather we are a bewitched people).
Mention of those who said that:
Muḥammad ibn Saʿd related to me, saying: my father related to me, saying: my uncle related to me, saying: my father related to me, on the authority of his father, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās, concerning His word وَلَوْ فَتَحْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ بَابًا مِنَ السَّمَاءِ فَظَلُّوا فِيهِ يَعْرُجُونَ : he said: "Had We opened for them a gate of heaven and the angels had ascended therein, the polytheists (mushrikīn) would have said: our eyes have been dazzled and something has been conjured before our minds, and we are bewitched — that is their word: لَوْ مَا تَأْتِينَا بِالْمَلائِكَةِ إِنْ كُنْتَ مِنَ الصَّادِقِينَ ."
Bishr related to us, saying: Yazīd related to us, saying: Saʿīd related to us, on the authority of Qatāda, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās, concerning فَظَلُّوا فِيهِ يَعْرُجُونَ : "Had the angels ascended therein and the Children of Adam seen them with their own eyes — لَقَالُوا إِنَّمَا سُكِّرَتْ أَبْصَارُنَا بَلْ نَحْنُ قَوْمٌ مَسْحُورُونَ ."
Al-Qāsim related to us, saying: al-Ḥusayn related to us, saying: Ḥajjāj related to me, on the authority of Ibn Jurayj, concerning His word يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِي نُزِّلَ عَلَيْهِ الذِّكْرُ إِنَّكَ لَمَجْنُونٌ * لَوْ مَا تَأْتِينَا بِالْمَلائِكَةِ إِنْ كُنْتَ مِنَ الصَّادِقِينَ : he said: "What stands between that up to His word وَلَوْ فَتَحْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ بَابًا مِنَ السَّمَاءِ فَظَلُّوا فِيهِ يَعْرُجُونَ refers back to His word لَوْ مَا تَأْتِينَا بِالْمَلائِكَةِ ." Ibn Jurayj said: Ibn ʿAbbās said: "The angels ascended and they looked at them — لَقَالُوا إِنَّمَا سُكِّرَتْ أَبْصَارُنَا ." He said: "Quraysh says this."
Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Aʿlā related to us, saying: Muḥammad ibn Thawr related to us, on the authority of Maʿmar, on the authority of Qatāda, concerning وَلَوْ فَتَحْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ بَابًا مِنَ السَّمَاءِ فَظَلُّوا فِيهِ يَعْرُجُونَ : he said: Ibn ʿAbbās said: "Had We opened for them a gate of heaven and the angels had ascended therein — that is: gone back and forth — لَقَالُوا إِنَّمَا سُكِّرَتْ أَبْصَارُنَا ."
It was related to me from al-Ḥusayn: he said: I heard Abū Muʿādh say: ʿUbayd ibn Sulaymān informed us, saying: I heard al-Ḍaḥḥāk say concerning His word وَلَوْ فَتَحْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ بَابًا مِنَ السَّمَاءِ فَظَلُّوا فِيهِ يَعْرُجُونَ — he means: the angels — he said: "Had We opened for the polytheists a gate of heaven and they had seen the angels ascending between heaven and earth, then the polytheists would have said: نَحْنُ قَوْمٌ مَسْحُورُونَ — we are bewitched and this is not truth. Do you not see that before this verse they said: لَوْ مَا تَأْتِينَا بِالْمَلائِكَةِ إِنْ كُنْتَ مِنَ الصَّادِقِينَ ?"
Al-Muthanná related to me, saying: Isḥāq related to us, saying: Hishām related to us, on the authority of ʿUmar, on the authority of Naṣr, on the authority of al-Ḍaḥḥāk, concerning His word وَلَوْ فَتَحْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ بَابًا مِنَ السَّمَاءِ فَظَلُّوا فِيهِ يَعْرُجُونَ : he said: "Had We opened a gate of heaven by which the angels ascended between heaven and earth, then the polytheists would have said: بَلْ نَحْنُ قَوْمٌ مَسْحُورُونَ — do you not see that they said: لَوْ مَا تَأْتِينَا بِالْمَلائِكَةِ إِنْ كُنْتَ مِنَ الصَّادِقِينَ ?"
Others said: by it the Children of Adam are meant. The meaning of the expression according to them is: had We opened for these polytheists of your people, O Muḥammad, a gate of heaven and they themselves had climbed up therein — لَقَالُوا إِنَّمَا سُكِّرَتْ أَبْصَارُنَا .
Mention of those who said that:
Bishr related to us, saying: Yazīd related to us, saying: Saʿīd related to us, on the authority of Qatāda, concerning His word وَلَوْ فَتَحْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ بَابًا مِنَ السَّمَاءِ فَظَلُّوا فِيهِ يَعْرُجُونَ : Qatāda said: al-Ḥasan said: "Had We done this for the Children of Adam so that they kept ascending therein — that is: going back and forth — لَقَالُوا إِنَّمَا سُكِّرَتْ أَبْصَارُنَا بَلْ نَحْنُ قَوْمٌ مَسْحُورُونَ ."
As for His word يَعْرُجُونَ (they ascend): its meaning is: they climb and ascend therein. One says: ʿaraja yaʿruju ʿurūjan when he climbed and ascended. The singular of al-maʿārij is maʿraj and miʿrāj. To this belongs the word of Kathīr:
إلى حَسَبٍ عَوْدٍ بَنَا الْمَرءَ قَبْلَهُ أبُوهُ لَهُ فِيهِ مَعَارِجَ سُلَّمِ
It is also transmitted: ʿarija yaʿraju with kasra on the r in the imperfect tense.