Tabari

Tafseer of Abraham · Ibrahim · 14:1

بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ الٓر ۚ كِتَٰبٌ أَنزَلْنَٰهُ إِلَيْكَ لِتُخْرِجَ ٱلنَّاسَ مِنَ ٱلظُّلُمَٰتِ إِلَى ٱلنُّورِ بِإِذْنِ رَبِّهِمْ إِلَىٰ صِرَٰطِ ٱلْعَزِيزِ ٱلْحَمِيدِ

Alif, Lam, Ra. [This is] a Book which We have revealed to you, [O Muhammad], that you might bring mankind out of darknesses into the light by permission of their Lord - to the path of the Exalted in Might, the Praiseworthy -

Important: The Arabic source text is always authoritative. This translation is a study aid and has not been verified by scholars — do not use it as a basis for religious proof or for deriving rulings (ahkam). When in doubt, always consult the Arabic text and a qualified scholar.

Tabari (1 passage)

  1. Full Dutch translation of Tabari's text

    Explanation of the word of Allah, exalted be His mention: الر كِتَابٌ أَنزَلْنَاهُ إِلَيْكَ لِتُخْرِجَ النَّاسَ مِنَ الظُّلُمَاتِ إِلَى النُّورِ بِإِذْنِ رَبِّهِمْ إِلَىٰ صِرَاطِ الْعَزِيزِ الْحَمِيدِ (Alif, Lām, Rā. A Book which We have revealed to you so that you may lead the people out of the darknesses into the light, by the permission of their Lord, to the path of the Almighty, the Praiseworthy) [verse 1].

    Abū Jaʿfar al-Ṭabarī said: We have previously given the explanation of the meaning of "Alif, Lām, Rā" in the relevant places, so that it is superfluous to repeat it here.

    * * *

    As for His word كِتَابٌ أَنزَلْنَاهُ إِلَيْكَ (a Book which We have revealed to you) — its meaning is: this is a Book which We have revealed to you, O Muḥammad, that is, the Qurʾān; لِتُخْرِجَ النَّاسَ مِنَ الظُّلُمَاتِ إِلَى النُّورِ (so that you may lead the people out of the darknesses into the light) — He says: so that by it you may lead them out of the darknesses of misguidance and unbelief (kufr) into the light of faith (īmān) and its radiance, and by it cause the people of ignorance and blindness to see the ways of uprightness and guidance.

    His word بِإِذْنِ رَبِّهِمْ (by the permission of their Lord) — that is to say: by their Lord's granting it to them and His kindness toward them; إِلَىٰ صِرَاطِ الْعَزِيزِ الْحَمِيدِ (to the path of the Almighty, the Praiseworthy) — that is to say: to the straight way of Allah, namely His religion which He has approved and prescribed for His creation.

    * * *

    "Al-Ḥamīd" (the Praiseworthy) is a "faʿīl" form, converted from "mafʿūl" to "faʿīl", and its meaning is: the One praised for His favors.

    * * *

    Allah, exalted be His mention, ascribed the leading of the people out of the darknesses into the light, by the permission of their Lord to that, to His Prophet ﷺ — although He is the Guide of His creation and the One Who rightly guides whomever among them He wills faith for — because the call to that issued from him, and he made known to them what they have therein and what is incumbent upon them. By this the proof is established for the soundness of the position of the people who hold to affirmation (ahl al-ithbāt) — those who ascribe the deeds of the servants to them as acquisition (kasb) and to Allah, exalted be His praise, as original creation and governance — and the unsoundness of the position of the people of predestination (ahl al-qadar) who deny that Allah has any action therein.

    * * *

    In agreement with what we said concerning this, the scholars of interpretation spoke.

    Mention of who said that:

    20559. Bishr related to us, saying: Yazīd related to us, saying: Saʿīd related to us, on the authority of Qatāda, concerning His word لِتُخْرِجَ النَّاسَ مِنَ الظُّلُمَاتِ إِلَى النُّورِ — that is to say: out of misguidance into guidance.

    Show original Arabic
    القول في تأويل قوله جل ذكره الر كِتَابٌ أَنْزَلْنَاهُ إِلَيْكَ لِتُخْرِجَ النَّاسَ مِنَ الظُّلُمَاتِ إِلَى النُّورِ بِإِذْنِ رَبِّهِمْ إِلَى صِرَاطِ الْعَزِيزِ الْحَمِيدِ (1) قال أبو جعفر الطَبَريّ : قد تقدم منا البيان عن معنى قوله : " الر " ، فيما مضى ، بما أغنى عن إعادته في هذا الموضع . (19) * * * وأما قوله: (كتاب أنـزلناه إليك ) فإن معناه: هذا كتاب أنـزلناه إليك ، يا محمد ، يعني القرآن( لتخرج الناس من الظلمات إلى النور) يقول: لتهديهم به من ظلمات الضلالة والكفرِ ، إلى نور الإيمان وضيائه ، وتُبصِّر به أهلَ الجهل والعمَى سُبُل الرَّشاد والهُدَى. (20) وقوله: ( بإذن ربهم) يعني: بتوفيق ربهم لهم بذلك ولطفه بهم (21) ( إلى صراط العزيز الحميد) يعني: إلى طريق الله المستقيم ، وهو دينه الذي ارتضاه ، وشَرَعُه لخلقه. (22) * * * و (الحميد) ، " فعيل " ، صُرِف من " مفعول " إلى " فَعيل " ، ومعناه: المحمود بآلائه . (23) * * * وأضاف تعالى ذكره إخراجَ الناس من الظلمات إلى النور بإذن ربِّهم لهم بذلك ، إلى نبيه صلى الله عليه وسلم ، وهو الهادي خَلْقَه ، والموفقُ من أحبَّ منهم للإيمان ، إذ كان منه دعاؤهم إليه ، وتعريفهُم ما لهم فيه وعليهم . فبيّنٌ بذلك صِحة قولِ أهل الإثبات الذين أضافوا أفعال العباد إليهم كَسبًا ، وإلى الله جل ثناؤه إنشاءً وتدبيرًا ، وفسادُ قول أهل القَدر الذين أنكرُوا أن يكون لله في ذلك صُنْعٌ. (24) * * * وبنحو الذي قلنا في ذلك قال أهل التأويل. * ذكر من قال ذلك: 20559- حدثنا بشر قال ، حدثنا يزيد قال ، حدثنا سعيد ، عن قتادة ، في قوله: ( لتخرج الناس من الظلمات إلى النور) ، أي من الضلالة إلى الهدى. ------------------------- الهوامش : (20) انظر مراجع ألفاظ الآية فيما سلف من فهارس اللغة . (21) انظر تفسير " الإذن " فيما سلف قريبًا : 476 ، تعليق : 3 والمراجع هناك . (22) انظر تفسير " الصراط " فيما سلف 12 : 556 ، تعليق : 3 ، والمراجع هناك . وقد أغفل تفسير " العزيز " ، فانظر ما سلف 15 : 373 ، تعليق : 2 ، والمراجع هناك (23) انظر تفسير " الحميد " فيما سلف 5 : 570/ 9: 296/ 15 : 400 . (24) " أهل الإثبات " ، هم أهل السنة مثبتو الصفات . و " أهل القدر " هم المعتزلة ، ومن أنكر القدر .