Tafseer of Hud · Hud · 11:118
And if your Lord had willed, He could have made mankind one community; but they will not cease to differ.
Important: The Arabic source text is always authoritative. This translation is a study aid and has not been verified by scholars — do not use it as a basis for religious proof or for deriving rulings (ahkam). When in doubt, always consult the Arabic text and a qualified scholar.
The exposition of the interpretation of the word of Allah, the Exalted: وَلَوْ شَاءَ رَبُّكَ لَجَعَلَ النَّاسَ أُمَّةً وَاحِدَةً وَلا يَزَالُونَ مُخْتَلِفِينَ (118)
(And had your Lord willed, He would have made mankind one community, but they will continue to differ.)
Abū Jaʿfar says: Allah, the Exalted, says: "And had your Lord willed, O Muḥammad, He would have made all mankind one group, upon one worldview and one religion" — as in:
18699 — Bishr related to us, saying: Yazīd related to us, saying: Saʿīd related to us, on the authority of Qatāda, concerning the word: وَلَوْ شَاءَ رَبُّكَ لَجَعَلَ النَّاسَ أُمَّةً وَاحِدَةً — he said: "He would have made them all Muslims."
And His word: وَلا يَزَالُونَ مُخْتَلِفِينَ — Allah, the Exalted, says: "Mankind will continue to differ — except those upon whom your Lord has had mercy."
Then the exegetes (ahl al-taʾwīl) differed concerning the nature of the "difference" with which Allah described mankind as continuing to persist in.
Some said: it concerns the difference in religions. Its interpretation is, according to this view: mankind will continue to differ over divergent religions — Jewish, Christian, Zoroastrian, and the like.
The proponents of this opinion said: Allah excepted from this those upon whom He has had mercy; they are the believers (ahl al-īmān).
*Mentioned are those who said this:*
18700 — Ibn Wakīʿ related to us, saying: Ibn Numayr related to us, on the authority of Ṭalḥa ibn ʿAmr, on the authority of ʿAṭāʾ — concerning وَلا يَزَالُونَ مُخْتَلِفِينَ: he said: "The Jews, the Christians, and the Zoroastrians — and the adherents of the ḥanīfiyya are those upon whom your Lord has had mercy."
18701 — Al-Muthannā related to me, saying: Qabīṣa related to us, saying: Sufyān related to us, on the authority of Ṭalḥa ibn ʿAmr, on the authority of ʿAṭāʾ — concerning وَلا يَزَالُونَ مُخْتَلِفِينَ: he said: "The Jews, the Christians, and the Zoroastrians."