Tafseer of The Chargers · Al-Aadiyaat · 100:3
And the chargers at dawn,
Important: The Arabic source text is always authoritative. This translation is a study aid and has not been verified by scholars — do not use it as a basis for religious proof or for deriving rulings (ahkam). When in doubt, always consult the Arabic text and a qualified scholar.
His statement: فَالْمُغِيرَاتِ صُبْحًا — "and those that make a raid at daybreak"
The exegetes of the taʾwīl differed concerning the interpretation of this. Some said: its meaning is: those who openly carry out an attack upon the enemy at daybreak.
*Mention of who said this:*
29259 — Yūnus related to me, saying: Ibn Wahb informed us, saying: Abū Ṣakhr informed me, on the authority of Abū Muʿāwiya al-Bajalī, on the authority of Saʿīd ibn Jubayr, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās, who said: "A man asked me about al-mughīrāt ṣubḥan — he said: horses that carry out an attack at daybreak in the way of Allah."
29260 — Yaʿqūb ibn Ibrāhīm related to me, saying: Ibn ʿUlayya related to us, saying: Abū Rajāʾ informed us, saying: "I asked ʿIkrima about His statement فَالْمُغِيرَاتِ صُبْحًا — he said: they attacked the enemy at daybreak."
29261 — Muḥammad ibn ʿAmr related to me, saying: Abū ʿĀṣim related to us, saying: ʿĪsā related to us; and al-Ḥārith related to me, saying: al-Ḥasan related to us, saying: Warqāʾ related to us — both on the authority of Ibn Abī Najīḥ, on the authority of Mujāhid, who said concerning فَالْمُغِيرَاتِ صُبْحًا : "Those are the horses."
29262 — Bishr related to us, saying: Yazīd related to us, saying: Saʿīd related to us, on the authority of Qatāda, who said concerning فَالْمُغِيرَاتِ صُبْحًا : "Those are the horses."
29263 — Bishr related to us, saying: Yazīd related to us, saying: Saʿīd related to us, on the authority of Qatāda, who said concerning فَالْمُغِيرَاتِ صُبْحًا : "The company made a raid after the break of morning upon their enemy."
Ibn ʿAbd al-Aʿlā related to us, saying: Thawr related to us, on the authority of Maʿmar, on the authority of Qatāda, who said concerning فَالْمُغِيرَاتِ صُبْحًا : "They attacked when they had entered upon the morning."
Ibn Ḥumayd related to us, saying: Mihrān related to us, on the authority of Saʿīd, on the authority of Qatāda, who said concerning فَالْمُغِيرَاتِ صُبْحًا : "The company made a raid when they had entered upon the morning."
Others said: by this are meant the camels, when they set out with their riders from "Jamʿ" — that is, al-Muzdalifa — on the Day of Sacrifice toward "Minā."
*Mention of who said this:*
Ibn Ḥumayd related to us, saying: Jarīr related to us, on the authority of Mughīra, on the authority of Ibrāhīm, on the authority of ʿAbdullāh, who said concerning فَالْمُغِيرَاتِ صُبْحًا : "When they stream away from Jamʿ."
The most correct view concerning this, in our judgment, is that one should say: Allah — magnificent and exalted be His praise — has sworn by those that make a raid at daybreak, without specifying therein any particular type of raider over another. Thus every being that carries out an attack at daybreak falls under that by which the oath is made. Zayd ibn Aslam used to mention the interpretation of these words but reject it, and would say: it is only an oath that Allah has sworn.
Yūnus related to me, saying: Ibn Wahb informed us, saying: Ibn Zayd said concerning His statement وَالْعَادِيَاتِ ضَبْحًا * فَالْمُورِيَاتِ قَدْحًا : "This is an oath that Allah has sworn." And concerning His statement فَوَسَطْنَ بِهِ جَمْعًا : "All of this is an oath" — he said: "and my father, when he was questioned about this, used not to look into it nor mention it, and he meant thereby: it is an oath."
