Tabari

Tafseer of Jonas · Yunus · 10:77

قَالَ مُوسَىٰٓ أَتَقُولُونَ لِلْحَقِّ لَمَّا جَآءَكُمْ ۖ أَسِحْرٌ هَٰذَا وَلَا يُفْلِحُ ٱلسَّٰحِرُونَ

Moses said, "Do you say [thus] about the truth when it has come to you? Is this magic? But magicians will not succeed."

Important: The Arabic source text is always authoritative. This translation is a study aid and has not been verified by scholars — do not use it as a basis for religious proof or for deriving rulings (ahkam). When in doubt, always consult the Arabic text and a qualified scholar.

Tabari (1 passage)

  1. Full Dutch translation of Tabari's text

    (Moses said) to them: (Do you say of the truth, when it has come to you) from Allah, (is this magic?)

    * * *

    The scholars of the Arabic language differed concerning the reason why the interrogative alif was inserted into His word: أَسِحْرٌ هَذَا (Is this magic?). Some of the grammarians of the school of Basra said: it was inserted therein as a rendering (ḥikāya) of what these people had said, for they had said: أَسِحْرٌ هَذَا — and thus he said: "Do you say: is this magic?"

    * * *

    Some of the grammarians of the school of Kūfa said: they had said "this is magic" — without the alif — for the majority of the transmission is without the alif. One might then ask: why, then, was the alif inserted? The answer is: it is possible that this belongs to their utterance, while they know that it is magic — just as a man says of a gift that is brought to him: "Is this real?" while he already knows that it is real. It has also been said: it is possible that the alif is an expression of their astonishment — "Is this magic? How marvelous it is!"

    * * *

    Abū Jaʿfar said: The most correct of all that, in my view, is that the object is omitted, and that his word أَسِحْرٌ هَذَا comes from Moses, as a rejection of the fact that Pharaoh and his courtiers said of the truth, when it had come to them: "it is magic." The meaning of the words is then: Moses said to them: (Do you say of the truth, when it has come to you) — and these are the signs which he had brought them from Allah as proof of his truthfulness — "magic"? Is this truth which you see, then, magic? Thus the first word "magic" is omitted, in the knowledge that it is intended by Moses' word أَسِحْرٌ هَذَا — just as Dhū al-Rumma said:

    And when they had drawn on the night, or at the moment that he

    raised her ears for him while he was already inclining

    He means: or at the moment that he drew near — and then omitted that, contenting himself with the indication that the context provides. Likewise Allah, exalted be His praise, said: فَإِذَا جَاءَ وَعْدُ الْآخِرَةِ لِيَسُوءُوا وُجُوهَكُمْ [Surah Al-Isrāʾ: 7] — the meaning is: "We sent them to disfigure your faces" — and that was omitted because the context indicates it, as in numerous comparable cases which it would be wearisome to enumerate in full.

    * * *

    And His word: وَلَا يُفْلِحُ السَّاحِرُونَ (and the sorcerers will not succeed) — that is to say: the sorcerers will not prosper and will not endure.

    Show original Arabic
    (قال موسى) ، لهم: ، (أتقولون للحق لما جاءكم) ، من عند الله ، (أسحر هذا) ؟ . * * * واختلف أهل العربية في سبب دخول ألف الاستفهام في قوله: (أسحر هذا) ؟ فقال بعض نحويي البصرة: أدخلت فيه على الحكاية لقولهم ، لأنهم قالوا: (أسحر هذا)؟ فقال: أتقولون: (أسحر هذا)؟ * * * وقال بعض نحويي الكوفة: إنهم قالوا : " هذا سحر "، ولم يقولوه بالألف، لأن أكثر ما جاء بغير ألف. قال: فيقال: فلم أدخلت الألف؟ فيقال: قد يجوز أن تكون من قِيلهم وهم يعلمون أنه سحر، كما يقول الرجل للجائزة إذا أتته: أحقٌّ هذا؟ وقد علم أنه حق. قال: وقد يجوز أن تكون على التعجّب منهم: أسحر هذا؟ ما أعظمه! (33) * * * قال أبو جعفر: وأولى ذلك في هذا بالصواب عندي أن يكون المفعولُ محذوفًا، ويكون قوله: (أسحر هذا)، من قيل موسى ، منكرًا على فرعون وملئه قولَهم للحق لما جاءهم: " سحر " ، فيكون تأويل الكلام حينئذ: قال موسى لهم: (أتقولون للحق لما جاءكم) ، وهي الآيات التي أتاهم بها من عند الله حجة له على صدقه ، سحرٌ، أسحرٌ هذا الحقّ الذي ترونه؟ فيكون " السحر " الأوّل محذوفًا ، اكتفاءً بدلالة قول موسى (أسحر هذا) ، على أنه مرادٌ في الكلام، كما قال ذو الرمة. فَلَمَّـا لَبِسْـنَ اللَّيْـلَ , أَوْ حِينَ نَصَّبَت لَـهُ مِـنْ خَـدَا آذَانِهَـا وَهْـوَ جَـانِحُ (34) يريد: أو حين أقبل، ثم حذف اكتفاءً بدلالة الكلام عليه، وكما قال جل ثناؤه: فَإِذَا جَاءَ وَعْدُ الآخِرَةِ لِيَسُوءُوا وُجُوهَكُمْ [سورة الإسراء: 7] ، والمعنى: بعثناهم لِيَسُوءُوا وُجُوهَكُمْ ، فترك ذلك اكتفاء بدلالة الكلام عليه، في أشباه لما ذكرنا كثيرة ، يُتْعب إحصاؤها. * * * وقوله: (ولا يفلح الساحرون) ، يقول: ولا ينجح الساحرون ولا يَبْقون. (35) ---------------------- الهوامش : (33) انظر معاني القرآن للفراء 1 : 474 . (34) مضى البيت وتخريجه وشرحه فيما سلف 1 : 327 ، تعليق : 2 . (35) انظر تفسير " الفلاح " فيما سلف ص : 146 ، تعليق : 3 ، والمراجع هناك .