Tabari (1 passage)

1. Full Dutch translation of Tabari's text

   The statement concerning the explanation of His saying, the Exalted: أَأَشْفَقْتُمْ أَنْ تُقَدِّمُوا بَيْنَ يَدَيْ نَجْوَاكُمْ صَدَقَاتٍ فَإِذْ لَمْ تَفْعَلُوا وَتَابَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكُمْ فَأَقِيمُوا الصَّلاةَ وَآتُوا الزَّكَاةَ وَأَطِيعُوا اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَاللَّهُ خَبِيرٌ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ (13) (Do you fear to offer charity before your private consultation? Well then, since you have not done so, and Allah has accepted your repentance, then maintain the prayer and give the zakāh and obey Allah and His Messenger. And Allah is well-informed of what you do).

   He, exalted is His mention, says: Did it weigh heavily upon you and did you fear, O believers, to give charity in advance of your private consultation with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, out of fear of poverty? The original meaning of al-ishfāq in the language of the Arabs is: fear and wariness, and its meaning in this place is: did you fear, through giving the charity, want and poverty?

   And in accordance with what we have said about this, the interpreters of the tafsīr have spoken.

   * The mention of who said that:

   Muḥammad ibn ʿAmr related to me, saying: Abū ʿĀṣim related to us, saying: ʿĪsā related to us; and al-Ḥārith related to me, saying: al-Ḥasan related to us, saying: Waraqāʾ related to us, both on the authority of Ibn Abī Najīḥ, on the authority of Mujāhid: أَأَشْفَقْتُمْ (Do you fear?). He said: the giving of the charity weighed heavily upon you, so it was lifted from you, and they were commanded to consult privately with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, without charity, when that weighed heavily upon them.

   Mūsā ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Masrūqī related to me, saying: Abū Usāma related to us, on the authority of Shibl ibn ʿAbbād al-Makkī, on the authority of Ibn Abī Najīḥ, on the authority of Mujāhid, something similar.

   Bishr related to us, saying: Yazīd related to us, saying: Saʿīd related to us, on the authority of Qatāda: أَأَشْفَقْتُمْ أَنْ تُقَدِّمُوا بَيْنَ يَدَيْ نَجْوَاكُمْ صَدَقَاتٍ فَإِذْ لَمْ تَفْعَلُوا وَتَابَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكُمْ فَأَقِيمُوا الصَّلاةَ وَآتُوا الزَّكَاةَ (Do you fear to offer charity before your private consultation? Well then, since you have not done so, and Allah has accepted your repentance, then maintain the prayer and give the zakāh): these are two obligatory ordinances from which no one may deviate. This verse abrogated what preceded it concerning the charity at the private consultation.

   And His saying: فَإِذْ لَمْ تَفْعَلُوا وَتَابَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكُمْ (Well then, since you have not done so, and Allah has accepted your repentance). He, exalted is His mention, says: since you have not given charity in advance of your private consultation, and Allah has granted you repentance for omitting it, then perform the ordinances of Allah which He has imposed upon you and which He has not lifted from you, namely the prayer and the zakāh, and obey Allah and His Messenger in what He has commanded you and in what He has forbidden you.

   وَاللَّهُ خَبِيرٌ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ (And Allah is well-informed of what you do). He, exalted is His praise, says: and Allah has knowledge and awareness of your deeds, and He counts them up against you in order to requite you for them.

   Show original Arabic

   القول في تأويل قوله تعالى : أَأَشْفَقْتُمْ أَنْ تُقَدِّمُوا بَيْنَ يَدَيْ نَجْوَاكُمْ صَدَقَاتٍ فَإِذْ لَمْ تَفْعَلُوا وَتَابَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكُمْ فَأَقِيمُوا الصَّلاةَ وَآتُوا الزَّكَاةَ وَأَطِيعُوا اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَاللَّهُ خَبِيرٌ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ (13) &; 23-251 &; يقول تعالى ذكره: أشقّ عليكم وخشيتم أيها المؤمنون بأن تقدموا بين يدي نجواكم رسول الله صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم صدقات الفاقة، وأصل الإشفاق في كلام العرب: الخوف والحذر، ومعناه في هذا الموضع: أخشيتم بتقديم الصدقة الفاقة والفقر. وبنحو الذي قلنا في ذلك قال أهل التأويل. * ذكر من قال ذلك: حدثني محمد بن عمرو، قال: ثنا أبو عاصم، قال: ثنا عيسى؛ وحدثني الحارث، قال: ثنا الحسن، قال: ثنا ورقاء جميعًا عن ابن أبي نجيح، عن مجاهد (أَأَشْفَقْتُمْ ) قال: شقّ عليكم تقديم الصدقة، فقد وُضِعت عنكم، وأمروا بمناجاة رسول الله صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم بغير صدقة حين شقّ عليهم ذلك. حدثني موسى بن عبد الرحمن المسروقي، قال: ثنا أَبو أُسامة، عن شبل بن عباد المكيّ، عن ابن أبي نجيح، عن مجاهد، مثله. حدثنا بشر، قال: ثنا يزيد، قال: ثنا سعيد، عن قتادة (أَأَشْفَقْتُمْ أَنْ تُقَدِّمُوا بَيْنَ يَدَيْ نَجْوَاكُمْ صَدَقَاتٍ فَإِذْ لَمْ تَفْعَلُوا وَتَابَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكُمْ فَأَقِيمُوا الصَّلاةَ وَآتُوا الزَّكَاةَ ): فريضتان واجبتان لا رجعة لأحد فيهما، فنسخت هذه الآية ما كان قبلها من أمر الصدقة في النجوى. وقوله: (فَإِذْ لَمْ تَفْعَلُوا وَتَابَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكُمْ ) يقول تعالى ذكره: فإذ لم تقدموا بين يدي نجواكم صدقات، ورزقكم الله التوبة من ترككم ذلك، فأدّوا فرائض الله التي أوجبها عليكم، ولم يضعها عنكم من الصلاة والزكاة، وأطيعوا الله ورسوله، فيما أمركم به، وفيما نهاكم عنه. (وَاللَّهُ خَبِيرٌ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ ) يقول جلّ ثناؤه: والله ذو خبرة وعلم بأعمالكم، وهو محصيها عليكم ليجازيكم بها. &; 23-252 &;