Tafseer of The Beneficent · Ar-Rahmaan · 55:56
In them are women limiting [their] glances, untouched before them by man or jinni -
Important: The Arabic source text is always authoritative. This translation is a study aid and has not been verified by scholars — do not use it as a basis for religious proof or for deriving rulings (ahkam). When in doubt, always consult the Arabic text and a qualified scholar.
Discussion of the explanation of the saying of the Exalted: فِيهِنَّ قَاصِرَاتُ الطَّرْفِ لَمْ يَطْمِثْهُنَّ إِنْسٌ قَبْلَهُمْ وَلا جَانٌّ (56) (Therein are women who restrain their gaze, whom neither man nor jinn has touched before them) (55:56).
The Exalted, whose mention is exalted, says: upon these couches, whose linings are of brocade (istabraq), there are قَاصِرَاتُ الطَّرْفِ (women who restrain their gaze), and these are the women whose gaze has remained confined to their husbands, so that they do not look at other men.
In accordance with what we have said about this, the exegetes spoke.
* Mention of who said that:
Muḥammad ibn ʿUbayd al-Muḥāribī related to me, saying: my father related to me, on the authority of Abū Yaḥyā, on the authority of Mujāhid, concerning his saying: فِيهِنَّ قَاصِرَاتُ الطَّرْفِ (Therein are women who restrain their gaze). He said: their gaze is turned away from men, so that they look only at their husbands.
Bishr related to us, saying: Yazīd related to us, saying: Saʿīd related to us, on the authority of Qatāda: فِيهِنَّ قَاصِرَاتُ الطَّرْفِ (Therein are women who restrain their gaze) ... the verse. He says: their gaze is confined to their husbands, so that they desire none but them.
Yūnus related to me, saying: Ibn Wahb informed us, saying: Ibn Zayd said concerning his saying: قَاصِرَاتُ الطَّرْفِ (women who restrain their gaze). He said: they look only at their husbands; she says: by the power of my Lord, His majesty and His beauty, I see in Paradise nothing more beautiful than you; praise be to Allah who has made you my husband and made me your wife.
And His saying: لَمْ يَطْمِثْهُنَّ إِنْسٌ قَبْلَهُمْ وَلا جَانٌّ (whom neither man nor jinn has touched before them). He says: no man has touched them before these whose quality the Exalted, exalted is His praise, has described, and these are those of whom He said: وَلِمَنْ خَافَ مَقَامَ رَبِّهِ جَنَّتَانِ (And for him who fears the standing before his Lord, there are two gardens). And no jinn either. It is said concerning this: "This she-camel has never been touched by a rope (mā ṭamatha)," that is to say: no rope has touched it.
Some of the scholars of the Arabic language, belonging to the Kūfans, said: al-ṭamth is sexual intercourse in which blood flows; and he says: al-ṭamth is blood; and he says: "ṭamatha-hā" when he causes her to bleed during intercourse.
What is meant here, however, is that no man has had intercourse with them before them, and no jinn either.
In accordance with what we have said about this, the exegetes spoke.
* Mention of who said that:
ʿAlī related to me, saying: Abū Ṣāliḥ related to us, saying: Muʿāwiya related to me, on the authority of ʿAlī, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās, concerning his saying: لَمْ يَطْمِثْهُنَّ إِنْسٌ قَبْلَهُمْ وَلا جَانٌّ (whom neither man nor jinn has touched before them). He says: no man and no jinn has made them bleed.
Ibn Ḥumayd related to us, saying: Mihrān related to us, on the authority of Sufyān, on the authority of Ismāʿīl, on the authority of a man, on the authority of ʿAlī: لَمْ يَطْمِثْهُنَّ إِنْسٌ قَبْلَهُمْ وَلا جَانٌّ (whom neither man nor jinn has touched before them). He said: since He created them.
Al-Ḥusayn ibn Yazīd al-Ṭaḥḥān related to us, saying: Abū Muʿāwiya al-Ḍarīr related to us, on the authority of Mughīra ibn Muslim, on the authority of ʿIkrima, who said: do not say of a woman "ṭāmith" (menstruating), for al-ṭamth is sexual intercourse; indeed, Allah says: لَمْ يَطْمِثْهُنَّ إِنْسٌ قَبْلَهُمْ وَلا جَانٌّ (whom neither man nor jinn has touched before them).
Yūnus related to us, saying: Ibn Wahb informed us, saying: Ibn Zayd said concerning his saying: لَمْ يَطْمِثْهُنَّ إِنْسٌ قَبْلَهُمْ وَلا جَانٌّ (whom neither man nor jinn has touched before them). He said: nothing has touched them, no man and nothing else.
Muḥammad ibn ʿAmr related to me, saying: Abū ʿĀṣim related to us, saying: ʿĪsā related to us; and al-Ḥārith related to me, saying: al-Ḥasan related to us, saying: Warqāʾ related to us — both of them — on the authority of Ibn Abī Najīḥ, on the authority of Mujāhid, concerning his saying: لَمْ يَطْمِثْهُنَّ إِنْسٌ قَبْلَهُمْ وَلا جَانٌّ (whom neither man nor jinn has touched before them). He said: no one has touched them.
ʿAmr ibn ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd al-Āmulī related to us, saying: Marwān ibn Muʿāwiya related to us, on the authority of ʿĀṣim, who said: I said to Abū al-ʿĀliya: a woman who is "ṭāmith." He said: what is "ṭāmith"? Then a man said: menstruating (ḥāʾiḍ). Thereupon Abū al-ʿĀliya said: "ḥāʾiḍ" — does Allah, mighty and exalted, not say: لَمْ يَطْمِثْهُنَّ إِنْسٌ قَبْلَهُمْ وَلا جَانٌّ (whom neither man nor jinn has touched before them)?
And if someone were to say: do the jinn then have sexual intercourse with women, so that it is said: لَمْ يَطْمِثْهُنَّ إِنْسٌ قَبْلَهُمْ وَلا جَانٌّ (whom neither man nor jinn has touched before them)? Well, it is related from Mujāhid what Muḥammad ibn ʿUmāra al-Asadī related to me, saying: Sahl ibn ʿĀmir related to us, saying: Yaḥyā ibn Yaʿlā al-Aslamī related to us, on the authority of ʿUthmān ibn al-Aswad, on the authority of Mujāhid, who said: when a man has intercourse and does not pronounce the Name (of Allah), the jinn wraps itself around his genitals and has intercourse along with him; and that is His saying: لَمْ يَطْمِثْهُنَّ إِنْسٌ قَبْلَهُمْ وَلا جَانٌّ (whom neither man nor jinn has touched before them).
Some scholars deduced from this verse that the jinn enter Paradise.
* Mention of who said that:
Abū Ḥumayd Aḥmad ibn al-Mughīra al-Ḥimṣī related to me, saying: Abū Ḥaywa Shurayḥ ibn Yazīd al-Ḥaḍramī related to me, saying: Arṭāt ibn al-Mundhir related to me, saying: I asked Ḍamra ibn Ḥabīb: do the jinn have any reward? He said: yes; and then he deduced that from this verse: لَمْ يَطْمِثْهُنَّ إِنْسٌ قَبْلَهُمْ وَلا جَانٌّ (whom neither man nor jinn has touched before them). Thus the human women are for the humans, and the jinn women are for the jinn.
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Footnotes:
(4) Thus in (al-Lisān: ṭamth). In the original it reads: "mashṭuhu," which is probably a copyist's error.