Tafseer of The Table · Al-Maaida · 5:120
To Allah belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth and whatever is within them. And He is over all things competent.
Important: The Arabic source text is always authoritative. This translation is a study aid and has not been verified by scholars — do not use it as a basis for religious proof or for deriving rulings (ahkam). When in doubt, always consult the Arabic text and a qualified scholar.
The statement concerning the explanation of His saying: لِلَّهِ مُلْكُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالأَرْضِ وَمَا فِيهِنَّ وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ (5:120) (To Allah belongs the dominion over the heavens and the earth and what is in them, and He is over all things Powerful. (120))
Abū Jaʿfar said: The Exalted, whose mention is exalted, says: O Christians, "to Allah belongs the dominion over the heavens and the earth," He says: to Him belongs the sovereignty over the heavens and the earth — "and what is in them," apart from ʿĪsā, whom you claim to be your god, and apart from his mother, and apart from all who are in the heavens and on the earth; for the heavens and the earth are a creation of His creation, as is what is in them, and ʿĪsā and his mother belong to a portion thereof through indwelling and movement. The two of them demonstrate, by the very fact that they are situated in the place where they are through indwelling therein and movement, that they are both servants, owned by Him to whom belongs the dominion over the heavens and the earth and what is in them. He directs them and all His creation to the locus of His proof against them, so that they may reflect upon it and take a lesson from it and understand it — "and He is over all things Powerful (qadīr)." The Exalted, whose mention is exalted, says: and Allah, to whom belongs the dominion over the heavens and the earth and what is in them, is able to destroy them and bring them to ruin, and to bring ʿĪsā and his mother and all who are on the earth to ruin, just as He originated their creation; that does not render Him incapable, nor does any thing that He wills, because His power is the power that is matched by no power, and His sovereignty is the sovereignty that is matched by no sovereignty nor kingdom.
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(End of the explanation of Sūrah al-Māʾidah)
At this place ended a portion of the old division from which our copy was taken, and in it stands the following: "End of the explanation of Sūrah al-Māʾidah. May Allah bless our master Muhammad and his family and greet them with abundant peace. There is no power nor strength except with Allah, the Exalted, the Mighty. There follows after this, if Allah the Exalted wills, the explanation of Sūrah al-Anʿām. All praise be to Allah, the Lord of the worlds."
