Tafseer of The Women · An-Nisaa · 4:42
That Day, those who disbelieved and disobeyed the Messenger will wish they could be covered by the earth. And they will not conceal from Allah a [single] statement.
Important: The Arabic source text is always authoritative. This translation is a study aid and has not been verified by scholars — do not use it as a basis for religious proof or for deriving rulings (ahkam). When in doubt, always consult the Arabic text and a qualified scholar.
The explanation of His word: يَوْمَئِذٍ يَوَدُّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا وَعَصَوُا الرَّسُولَ لَوْ تُسَوَّى بِهِمُ الأَرْضُ وَلا يَكْتُمُونَ اللَّهَ حَدِيثًا (42) ("On that day those who disbelieved and disobeyed the Messenger will wish that the earth were leveled with them, and they will not conceal from Allah a single word").
Abū Jaʿfar said: He, exalted is His praise, means thereby: on the day on which We bring from every community a witness, and We bring you, O Muḥammad, as a witness over your community — "those who disbelieved will wish," that is to say: those who denied the oneness of Allah and disobeyed His Messenger will desire — "that the earth were leveled with them."
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And the reciters differed in the reading of it.
The generality of the reciters of the people of the Ḥijāz, of Mecca and Medina, read it: (لَوْ تُسَوَّى بِهِمُ الأرْضُ) with doubling (tashdīd) of the "sīn" and the "wāw" and with fatḥa on the "tāʾ," in the meaning: that the earth might make itself level with them (tatasawwā), whereby the second "tāʾ" was then assimilated into the "sīn." Thereby is meant: that they would wish that they became dust, so that they and the earth would be level.
And others read it: (لَوْ تُسَوَّى بِهِمُ الأرْضُ) with fatḥa on the "tāʾ" and without doubling (takhfīf) of the "sīn." This is the reading of the generality of the reciters of the people of Kūfa, with the first meaning, except that they omitted the doubling of the "sīn," and they adduced as an argument that the Arabs hardly ever combine two doublings in a single letter.
And others read it: (لَوْ تُسَوَّى بِهِمُ الأرْضُ), in the meaning: that Allah might level them and the earth, so that they become dust as it is, by His making them so, as He does with those animals of which it is mentioned that He does that with them.
Abū Jaʿfar said: And all these readings lie close to one another in meaning, and with whichever of them the reciter recites, he is correct, for whoever of them wishes that he were dust on that day wishes only that he were so through Allah's forming him thus. And likewise, whoever wishes that Allah had made him so has wished that he were dust. Nonetheless, even though the matter is so, the reading most pleasing to me therein is: (لَوْ تُسَوَّى بِهِمُ الأرْضُ) with fatḥa on the "tāʾ" and without doubling of the "sīn," out of aversion to combining two doublings in a single letter, and for the sake of the correspondence in meaning between that and His word: وَيَقُولُ الْكَافِرُ يَا لَيْتَنِي كُنْتُ تُرَابًا [Surah An-Nabaʾ: 40] ("And the disbeliever will say: 'O woe, would that I were dust'"). Allah, exalted is His praise, has reported about them that they wish that they were dust, but He has not reported about them that they said: يَا لَيْتَنِي كُنْتُ تُرَابًا ("O woe, would that I were dust"). So too is His word "that the earth were leveled with them," so that they themselves are leveled. And that is most pleasing to me, so that it corresponds with the meaning about which He has reported concerning them with His word: يَا لَيْتَنِي كُنْتُ تُرَابًا ("O woe, would that I were dust").
As for His word "and they will not conceal from Allah a single word": the people of interpretation (taʾwīl) have explained this in the meaning: and their limbs will not conceal from Allah a single word, even though their mouths deny it.
Mention of who said that:
9520 - Ibn Ḥumayd related to us, saying: Ḥakkām related to us, saying: ʿAmr related to us, on the authority of Muṭarrif, on the authority of al-Minhāl ibn ʿAmr, on the authority of Saʿīd ibn Jubayr, who said: A man came to Ibn ʿAbbās and said: I have heard Allah say وَاللَّهِ رَبِّنَا مَا كُنَّا مُشْرِكِينَ [Surah Al-Anʿām: 23] ("By Allah, our Lord, we were not polytheists"), and He said in another verse: "and they do not conceal from Allah a single word." Ibn ʿAbbās then said: As for His word وَاللَّهِ رَبِّنَا مَا كُنَّا مُشْرِكِينَ: when they saw that only the people of Islam enter Paradise, they said: "Come, let us deny!", and they said: وَاللَّهِ رَبِّنَا مَا كُنَّا مُشْرِكِينَ ("By Allah, our Lord, we were not polytheists")! Then Allah sealed their mouths, and their hands and their feet spoke, and so they do not conceal from Allah a single word.
9521 - Al-Ḥasan ibn Yaḥyā related to us, saying: ʿAbd al-Razzāq informed us, saying: Maʿmar informed us, on the authority of a man, on the authority of al-Minhāl ibn ʿAmr, on the authority of Saʿīd ibn Jubayr, who said: A man came to Ibn ʿAbbās and said: There are matters in the Qurʾān that appear contradictory to me? He said: What is that? Do you doubt the Qurʾān? He said: It is not doubt, but it is contradiction! He said: Then bring forward what appears contradictory to you. He said: I hear Allah saying: ثُمَّ لَمْ تَكُنْ فِتْنَتُهُمْ إِلا أَنْ قَالُوا وَاللَّهِ رَبِّنَا مَا كُنَّا مُشْرِكِينَ [Surah Al-Anʿām: 23] ("Then their plea was nothing but that they said: 'By Allah, our Lord, we were not polytheists'"), and He said: "and they do not conceal from Allah a single word," while they have indeed concealed! Ibn ʿAbbās then said: As for His word ثُمَّ لَمْ تَكُنْ فِتْنَتُهُمْ إِلا أَنْ قَالُوا وَاللَّهِ رَبِّنَا مَا كُنَّا مُشْرِكِينَ: when they saw on the Day of Resurrection that Allah forgives the people of Islam and forgives sins, but does not forgive shirk, and that no sin is too great for Him to forgive — the polytheists denied and said: وَاللَّهِ رَبِّنَا مَا كُنَّا مُشْرِكِينَ ("By Allah, our Lord, we were not polytheists"), in the hope that He would forgive them. Then He sealed their mouths, and their hands and their feet spoke about what they used to do. At that moment: "those who disbelieved and disobeyed the Messenger wish that the earth were leveled with them, and they do not conceal from Allah a single word."
9522 - Al-Muthannā related to me, saying: Muslim ibn Ibrāhīm related to us, saying: Al-Qāsim related to us, saying: Al-Zubayr related to us, on the authority of al-Ḍaḥḥāk: that Nāfiʿ ibn al-Azraq came to Ibn ʿAbbās and said: O Ibn ʿAbbās, the word of Allah, blessed and exalted is He: "On that day those who disbelieved and disobeyed the Messenger wish that the earth were leveled with them, and they do not conceal from Allah a single word," and His word: وَاللَّهِ رَبِّنَا مَا كُنَّا مُشْرِكِينَ ("By Allah, our Lord, we were not polytheists")? Ibn ʿAbbās said to him: I suspect that you have risen up from among your companions and said: "I shall lay before Ibn ʿAbbās the contradictory (mutashābih) verses of the Qurʾān," so when you return to them, inform them that Allah will gather the people on the Day of Resurrection on one open plain (baqīʿ). Then the polytheists will say: "Allah accepts nothing from anyone, except from him who acknowledged Him as one"! Then they will say: "Come, let us say [what saves us]"! Then He will question them, and they will say: وَاللَّهِ رَبِّنَا مَا كُنَّا مُشْرِكِينَ ("By Allah, our Lord, we were not polytheists"). He said: Then He will seal their mouths and make their limbs speak, and their limbs will testify against them that they were polytheists. At that moment they will wish that the earth had been leveled with them, and they do not conceal from Allah a single word.
9523 - Muḥammad ibn Saʿd related to me, saying: My father related to me, saying: My uncle related to me, saying: My father related to me, on the authority of his father, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās: "On that day those who disbelieved and disobeyed the Messenger wish that the earth were leveled with them, and they do not conceal from Allah a single word," that is to say: that the earth be leveled with the mountains, and the earth [come] over them.
The explanation of the verse according to this statement that we have transmitted from Ibn ʿAbbās is thus: on that day those who disbelieved and disobeyed the Messenger will wish that the earth were leveled with them and that they had not concealed from Allah a single word — as though they wished that they were leveled with the earth, and that they had not concealed from Allah a single word.
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And others said: the meaning of it is: on that day they do not conceal from Allah a single word — and they wish that the earth were leveled with them. And nothing of their words is concealed from Allah, on account of His knowledge, exalted is His mention, of all their words and their affair; even though they conceal it with their tongues and deny it, nothing of it remains hidden from Him.