Tafseer of The letter Saad · Saad · 38:39
[We said], "This is Our gift, so grant or withhold without account."
Important: The Arabic source text is always authoritative. This translation is a study aid and has not been verified by scholars — do not use it as a basis for religious proof or for deriving rulings (ahkam). When in doubt, always consult the Arabic text and a qualified scholar.
And His word ( هَذَا عَطَاؤُنَا فَامْنُنْ أَوْ أَمْسِكْ بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ ) ("This is Our gift; so bestow freely, or withhold, without reckoning"). The exegetes (ahl al-taʾwīl) differed concerning what is referred to by His word ( هَذَا ) ("this") of the gift, and which gift is meant by His word "Our gift." Some of them said: thereby is meant the kingship that Allah gave him.
* Mention of who said this:
Bishr related to us, saying: Yazīd related to us, saying: Saʿīd related to us, on the authority of Qatāda, concerning His word ( هَذَا عَطَاؤُنَا فَامْنُنْ أَوْ أَمْسِكْ بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ ) ("This is Our gift; so bestow freely, or withhold, without reckoning") — he said: al-Ḥasan said: the kingship which We have given you; so give what you wish and withhold what you wish.
We were told on the authority of al-Muḥāribī, on the authority of Juwaybir, on the authority of al-Ḍaḥḥāk: ( هَذَا عَطَاؤُنَا ) ("This is Our gift"): this is Our kingship.
And others said: no, thereby is meant that He made the devils subservient to him. And they said: the meaning of the words is: this which We have given you of every builder and diver among the devils, and others, is Our gift.
* Mention of who said this:
Bishr related to us, saying: Yazīd related to us, saying: Saʿīd related to us, on the authority of Qatāda: ( هَذَا عَطَاؤُنَا فَامْنُنْ أَوْ أَمْسِكْ بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ ) ("This is Our gift; so bestow freely, or withhold, without reckoning") — he said: these are the devils; hold fast whomever of them you wish in your fetters and in your punishment, or set free whomever of them you wish to bestow a favor upon him; do what you wish.
And others said: no, that is what was given to him of strength for sexual intercourse.
* Mention of who said this:
It was related to me on the authority of Abū Yūsuf, on the authority of Saʿīd ibn Ṭarīf, on the authority of ʿIkrima, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās, he said: Sulaymān had in his loins the seed of a hundred men, and he had three hundred wives and nine hundred concubines (surriyya) ( هَذَا عَطَاؤُنَا فَامْنُنْ أَوْ أَمْسِكْ بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ ) ("This is Our gift; so bestow freely, or withhold, without reckoning").
And the most correct of the statements concerning this, in my opinion, is the statement which we have related from al-Ḥasan and al-Ḍaḥḥāk, namely that by the gift is meant what He — exalted be His mention — gave him of kingship. That is because He, mighty is His praise, mentioned this directly after His report about the request of His prophet Sulaymān, Allah's prayers and peace be upon him, to Him for a kingship that should not befit anyone after him. He reported that He made subservient to him what He had not made subservient to anyone of the children of men, namely that He made subservient to him the wind and the devils, as I have described. Then He said to him, mighty is His mention: this which We have given you of kingship, and Our making subservient to you what We made subservient to you, is Our gift; and We have bestowed upon you what you asked Us to bestow upon you of the kingship that should not befit anyone after you ( فَامْنُنْ أَوْ أَمْسِكْ بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ ) ("so bestow freely, or withhold, without reckoning").
The exegetes differed concerning the interpretation of His word ( فَامْنُنْ أَوْ أَمْسِكْ بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ ) ("so bestow freely, or withhold, without reckoning"). Some of them said: thereby is meant: so give whomever you wish what you wish of the kingship that We have given you, and withhold of it what you wish from whomever you wish; there is no reckoning upon you in that.
* Mention of who said this:
Bishr related to us, saying: Yazīd related to us, saying: Saʿīd related to us, on the authority of Qatāda, he said: al-Ḥasan said: ( فَامْنُنْ أَوْ أَمْسِكْ بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ ) ("so bestow freely, or withhold, without reckoning"): the kingship that We have given you; so give what you wish and withhold what you wish, there rests upon you no accounting or reckoning.
It was related to me on the authority of al-Muḥāribī, on the authority of Juwaybir, on the authority of al-Ḍaḥḥāk: ( فَامْنُنْ أَوْ أَمْسِكْ بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ ) ("so bestow freely, or withhold, without reckoning"): he asked for a pleasant kingship for which he would not be called to account on the Day of Resurrection, and He said: what you give and what you withhold, there rests upon you no blame in that.
Ibn Wakīʿ related to us, saying: my father related to us, on the authority of Sufyān, on the authority of his father, on the authority of ʿIkrima: ( فَامْنُنْ أَوْ أَمْسِكْ بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ ) ("so bestow freely, or withhold, without reckoning") — he said: give or withhold, there is no reckoning upon you.
Muḥammad ibn ʿAmr related to me, saying: Abū ʿĀṣim related to us, saying: ʿĪsā related to us; and al-Ḥārith related to me, saying: al-Ḥasan related to us, saying: Warqāʾ related to us — both — on the authority of Ibn Abī Najīḥ, on the authority of Mujāhid: ( فَامْنُنْ ) ("so bestow freely") — he said: give or withhold without reckoning.
And others said: no, the meaning of it is: set free of these devils which We have made subservient to you whomever you wish from the service, or from the fetters — of whoever of them was bound fast in the chains — and hold fast whomever you wish; there rests upon you no blame in that.
* Mention of who said this:
Bishr related to us, saying: Yazīd related to us, saying: Saʿīd related to us, on the authority of Qatāda: ( فَامْنُنْ أَوْ أَمْسِكْ بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ ) ("so bestow freely, or withhold, without reckoning"): he says: these are the devils; hold fast whomever of them you wish in your fetters and in your punishment, and set free whomever of them you wish to bestow a favor upon him; do what you wish, there is no reckoning upon you in that.
Muḥammad ibn Saʿd related to me, saying: my father related to me, saying: my uncle related to me, saying: my father related to me, on the authority of his father, on the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās: ( فَامْنُنْ أَوْ أَمْسِكْ بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ ) ("so bestow freely, or withhold, without reckoning"): he says: set free of the jinn whomever you wish, and hold fast whomever you wish.
Muḥammad related to us, saying: Aḥmad related to us, saying: Asbāṭ related to us, on the authority of al-Suddī, his word ( فَامْنُنْ أَوْ أَمْسِكْ بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ ) ("so bestow freely, or withhold, without reckoning") — he said: you bestow favor upon whomever of them you wish and set him free, and you hold fast whomever you wish and put him into service; concerning that there rests upon you no reckoning.
And others said: no, the meaning of it is: this which We have given you of strength for sexual intercourse is Our gift; so perform sexual intercourse with whomever you wish of your wives and your concubines, as much as you wish, without reckoning, and leave off intercourse with whomever of them you wish.
And others said: no, that belongs to the putting forward and putting back (al-muqaddam wa-l-muʾakhkhar). The meaning of the words is: this is Our gift without reckoning; so bestow freely or withhold. And it has been mentioned that this, in the reading (qirāʾa) of ʿAbd Allāh, reads: "Hādhā fa-mnun aw amsik ʿaṭāʾunā bi-ghayri ḥisāb" ("This — so bestow freely or withhold — is Our gift without reckoning").
And some of the experts in Arabic among the people of Baṣra said concerning His word ( بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ ) ("without reckoning") that there are two interpretations; the one: without requital or reward, and the other: without reproach or stinting.
And the correct of the statements concerning this is what I have related from the exegetes, namely that the meaning is: he is not called to account for what he gives of that kingship and that dominion. And we have only said that that is the correct one because of the consensus of the proof (ijmāʿ al-ḥujja) of the exegetes concerning it.